ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the crude extract of marine actinomycetes with adverse effect locally on the adult Wister albino rats or systematically in the blood circulation. Methods: Acute toxicity, sub acute toxicity, biochemical and histopathological were tested. Results: In the results acute toxicity (LD50=2 500 μg/kg bw), sub acute toxicity study (2 500 μg/kg bw) were significant at 5% level of each experimental groups compared to the control group. Biochemical and histopathological study also showed better as compared with control group Conclusion:This crude microbial extract from Streptomyces sp. RSAUT 20 and Streptomyces scabiei (S. scabiei) RSAUK 49 is potential source for novel antimicrobial compounds. The crude extract of Streptomyces sp. RSAUT 20 and S. scabiei RSAUK 49 were tested for in vivo toxicity study.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from leaf, stem, root and flower extracts of Ocimum canum (O. canum), Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) and Ocimum basilicum (O. basilicum).@*METHODS@#The O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum were collected from Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu and the extraction was carried out in ethanol. The filter sterilized extracts (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 μg/mL) of leaf, stem, root and flower extracts of O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum were tested for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical constituents.@*RESULTS@#The leaf extract of O. sanctum showed excellent antiplasmodial activity (IC(50) 35.58 μg/mL) followed by leaf extract of O. basilicum (IC(50) 43.81 μg/mL). The leaf extract of O. canum, root extracts of O. sanctum and O. basilicum, the stem and flower extracts of all the three tested Ocimum species showed IC(50) values between 50 and 100 μg/mL. Statistical analysis reveals that, significant antiplasmodial activity (P <0.01) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure. The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it shows that, there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, triterpenoids, proteins, resins, steroids and tannins in the ethanolic extracts of tested plants.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The ethanolic leaf extracts of O. sanctum possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.