ABSTRACT
Onychomicosis was considered uncommon in children. During recent years an increase in its frequency has been reported in children worldwide. This survey was carried out to estimate the frequency of causal agents of fungal nail infections in children and adolescents (0-15 years of age) during the period 2006-2016 in the Skin Laboratory of Clinical Hospital, University of Chile. It was a descriptive, retrospective analysis of all positive culture of children nails. A total of 1626 culture was analyzed. Cultures were positive in 417 cases (25,6%). Average age of patients with positive culture was 9,37 ages. Of the total positive culture, 42,9% was females and 57,1% was males. Toenails were more affected (90,6%) than finger nails. Trichophyton rubrum (66,9%), was the predominant pathogen isolated followed by Candida spp (26,1%) Trichophyton rubrum + Candida spp (3,8%) Trichophyton mentagrophytes (2,6%) and Trichophyton rubrum + Trichophyton mentagrophytes (0,5%). Fungal fingernail infection by Candida spp. was the most common (66,7%) and Trichophyton rubrum was the most common in toenail (70,6%). We found a decrease of Candida spp. with age. The results of our study show that onycomichosis in children and adolescents is not exceptional and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nail plate disorder in children. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Onychomycosis/diagnosis , Onychomycosis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Orbital emphysema is a rare complication of orbital and facial trauma, involving the sinuses and occasionally the nasal cavity. Most cases occur as a result of trauma but spontaneous orbital emphysema has been reported. Clinical manifestations are often delayed until the upper airway pressure increases as when blowing or coughing. Along with the fracture, the rupture of the underlying mucosa is essential for emphysema to manifest. We report a 29-years-old male who consulted in the emergency room due to eyelid swelling after a Valsalva maneuver, a couple of hours after suffering a facial injury secondary to a fall. In the presence of eyelid emphysema, the patient underwent craniofacial imaging studies, confirming an ethmoidal lamina papyracea fracture.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Bronchiectasis , Bronchography , Health Status , Phenotype , Principal Component Analysis , Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity , Pulmonary Emphysema , Quality of Life , ROC Curve , Respiratory Function Tests , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely used technique in the treatment of gallstone disease. Outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy (OLC) is a cost/effective and safe procedure in selected patients. Aim: A pilot program of OLC was conducted in a Chilean Public Hospital to evaluate the feasibility and results, including and patients' satisfaction using OLC. Patients and Methods: Patients were eligible for OLC if they were less than 60 years old, had low anesthestetic risk (ASA I-II), normal liver function tests and an abdominal ultrasound showing gallstones or gallbladder polyps with a normal common bile duct. Results: We performed OLC in 357 patients aged 36±10 years, 90% female. Intraoperative complications were observed in 4 (1.1%) patients (uncontrolled bleeding in two and minor biliary tree injuries in two, both requiring conversion to the open technique). Four other patients required conversion due to anatomic reasons (overall conversion rate: 2.2%). Ninety two percent of patients were discharged within 6 hours of the operation. Eight (2.2%) were readmitted because of a mild acute pancreatitis (n=1), biliary leakage (n=1), persistent pain (n=2), vomiting (n=2), and retained stones (n=2). Two (0.6%) patients were re-operated. There was no mortality. Ninety-four percent of 277 patients (77.6%), who answered a Satisfaction Survey, evaluated OLC procedure with a high degree of satisfaction. Conclusion: OLC is a safe and feasible procedure in selected gallstone patients. The procedure has good outcomes and a high degree of patient satisfaction. A wide use of OLC should reduce both direct and indirect costs of surgical treatment of gallstone disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Cholelithiasis , Cholelithiasis/surgery , Chile , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures , Patient Selection , Length of StayABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia de anomalías de número de piezas dentarias, con 348 pacientes del Servicio de Ortodoncia del Hospital Base de Los Angeles. Los objetivos planteados fueron: conocer la prevalencia de agenesias y supernumerarios y su distribución según sexo en los pacientes estudiados. En relación a esto, se obtuvo un 8,9 por ciento de anomalías de número y se encontraron proporciones de 7 mujeres por cada 2 hombres en cuanto a la aparición de agenesias y 6 mujeres por cada 4 hombres presentaron supernumerarios, encontrándose cifras similares a las de otros estudios