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1.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 75(6): 903-907, nov.-dez. 2009. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-539391

ABSTRACT

O crescente consumo de cigarro tem despertado preocupações com o desenvolvimento e agravamento de doenças, em especial às relacionadas ao trato respiratório. Objetivo: Neste artigo revisamos as evidências que apontam os efeitos da fumaça de cigarro sobre o epitélio respiratório bem como o seu papel na fisiopatogenia na rinossinusite crônica. Conclusão: Embora existam dados que fortaleçam um vínculo entre o hábito de fumar e a RSC, em seu conjunto, os estudos demonstram que deve haver grande dependência da susceptibilidade individual na resposta à fumaça de cigarro para o desenvolvimento ou manutenção da RSC. Uma adequada orientação a esses pacientes para interrupção do consumo de cigarro, assim como o reforço de campanhas de combate ao tabagismo, são de extrema importância para o controle dessa doença de grande impacto sócio-econômico.


The increasing consumption of cigarettes has aroused concerns about the development and worsening of diseases, particularly those related to the respiratory tract. AIM: In this paper we review the evidence suggesting the effects of cigarette smoking on the respiratory epithelium and its role in the pathogenesis in chronic rhinosinusitis. Conclusions: Although there is evidence supporting a link between smoking and CRS, studies suggest that there might be individual susceptibility to cigarette smoking causing the development and/or maintenance of CRS. Proper patient educations to quit smoking as well as reinforcement of antismoking campaigns are extremely important to control this disease of major socio-economic impact.


Subject(s)
Humans , Respiratory Mucosa , Rhinitis/etiology , Sinusitis/etiology , Smoking/adverse effects , Chronic Disease , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Respiratory Mucosa/ultrastructure
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 13(3): 232-235, June 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538526

ABSTRACT

The recognition of sessile form of bacteria with particular features, known as biofilm, has given new insights to the understanding of pathogenesis of several chronic diseases, including Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS). In this article we review the main characteristics of biofilms, describe the current methods used to demonstrate biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis and discuss the future directions of research in the field.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biofilms/growth & development , Rhinitis/microbiology , Sinusitis/microbiology , Chronic Disease , Microscopy, Confocal , Microscopy, Electron , Nasal Mucosa/microbiology
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