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Objectives: This prospective observational study aimed to identify the current trend of the circulating viral strains responsible for hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) outbreak in four tertiary care centers in Rajasthan, amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic (April-October 2022). Methods: Cases with suspected HFMD, presenting to our skin outpatient department were assessed clinically and serologically (IgM antibodies against coxsackie virus (CV) A6, A16 and enterovirus 71) for evidence of the disease. Results: We identified 718 new HFMD patients (161 adults) with peaks in May and August, 2022. Male:female ratio decreased with increasing age. Most children were asymptomatic. A total of 385/409 patients assessed serologically, were found positive, most commonly against CV-A6. Conclusion: Though HFMD typically affects young children, an unusually higher proportion of adults were affected during the current pandemic. There were some differences between pediatric and adult presentation of HFMD.
ABSTRACT
Background: In the developing world Nutritional deficiency anaemia is the commonest finding in pregnant women. Lack of balanced diet, poor socio-economic status, repeated pregnancies and illiteracy are seen associated with Anaemia commonly. Anaemia itself results in maternal morbidities and poor pregnancy outcomes. Neonatal morbidities also have a direct equation with anaemia. It is a study done on pregnant women in labour with the sole objective to estimate the prevalence of anaemia amongst them and associated fetomaternal morbidities.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done on 300 pregnant women presenting in labour from October 2019-Decemebr 2019, in Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun. These women belonged to Dehradun and surrounding hilly areas of Uttarakhand. Their haemoglobin levels (complete blood count) were assessed at the time of admission along with other routine investigations. They were also assessed for associated pre and post-delivery morbidities and mortality.Results: In this study, out of 300 pregnant women presenting in labour from October 2019 to December 2019, in Government Doon Medical College Dehradun, the incidence of anaemia was found to be very high (70%). Severely anaemic patient group was found to have maximum number of fetomaternal complications and blood transfusion requirements.Conclusions: Despite all the maternal welfare programmes being run at National levels, it is being observed that there is a high unacceptable prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women. This increases their morbidity and mortality. It is a huge burden on hospital finances and blood bank for blood transfusions which are preventable. There is need to strengthen our health care system at primary level for pregnant women and teenage girls.
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Background: Percentage of previous C-section undergoing repeat section is close to 90%-92%, morbidity associated with repeat surgery is bringing an altogether new set of challenges for the upcoming future obstetricians. Object of this study is to highlight high incidence of repeat section required and also growing new indications of C-section due to advanced availability of investigative tools.Methods: Retrospective study of 500 patients who underwent C-section and their indications from April 2019 to July 2019 in Govt Doon Medical college, Dehra Dun.Results: Out of total 500 C-sections carried from April 2019 to July 2019, patients with previous section were found to undergo a repeat C-section in 95% of the cases. Another common indication being oligohydramnios followed by cephalopelvic disproportion and failed induction.Conclusions: After assessing the results it is hereby concluded that the commonest indication of C-section in present time is having a previous C-section, which alarms us to take careful judicious decision in performing primi C-sections in order to prevent patients into entering a vicious cycle of repeat surgeries.
ABSTRACT
Urinary incontinence has emerged as one of the leading medical problems for the geriatric population worldwide. Women are affected physically, mentally and socially and face embarrassment, depression and isolation. Increased life expectancy further adds to the prevalence of the condition and social, economic and health care burden. Although not sinister by itself, urinary incontinence has a profound impact on a woman‟s quality of life and warrants appropriate management. The efficacy of interventional procedures is measured by the caregiver mainly by improvement in urodynamic parameters. However, these gadgets do not assess the individual's satisfaction and feeling of wellbeing following the therapeutic intervention. Several generic QoL tools have been developed in an attempt to quantify these changes. But ironically, generic QoL questionnaires lack precision when applied to subjects with specific disease condition. In the context of female urinary problems, various QoL tools have been designed and investigated. King‟s Health Questionnaire (KHQ), which was formulated as early as 1997 by the group of researchers from King‟s College Hospital London still enjoys popularity till today, because of its strong psychometric properties, ease of administration and it adds objectivity to patient‟s subjective symptoms. However, the available information about KHQ is somewhat inadequate for the novice research scholar. The following brief essay aims at easy understanding of implementation, documentation, analysis and interpretation of King‟s Health Questionnaire in research settings.