Cancer trends in Kashmir; common types, site incidence and demographic profiles: National Cancer Registry 2000-2012.

BACKGROUND: An assessment of cancer incidence in population is required for prevention, early diagnosis, treatment and resource allocation. This will also guide in the formation of facilities for diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and follow‑up for these patients. The demographic trend of cancer will help to identify common types and etiological factors. Efforts at clinical, research and administrative levels are needed to overcome this problem. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Present retro prospective study was conducted in regional cancer center of a tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After permission from ethics committee, a retro prospective study of 1 year duration was undertaken to study the profile of cancer patients and to compare it with other cancer registries in India. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Pearson’s Chi‑square test and simple linear regression were used. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version‑16 (University of Bristol information services (www.bristol.ac.uk/is/ learning/resources) was used. RESULTS: The overall incidence of cancer in Kashmir is on the increase and common sites of cancer are esophagus and gastroesophageal (GE) junction, lung, stomach, colorectal, lymphomas, skin, laryngopharynx, acute leukemias, prostate and brain in males.In females common sites are breast, esophagus and GE junction, ovary, colorectal, stomach, lung, gallbladder, lymphomas, acute leukemias and brain. CONCLUSION: Cancers of esophagus, stomach and lungs have a high incidence both in men and women in Kashmir. Future studies on sources and types of environmental pollution and exposures in relation to these cancers may improve our understanding of risk factors held responsible for causation of these malignancies in this region. This will help in the allocation of available resources for prevention and treatment strategies.

Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis.

Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis (TB) is extremely rare, even in countries where TB is endemic. The recent increased reporting of TB of the pancreas is related to a worldwide increase in TB and an increase in emigration from countries where TB is endemic into countries where more sophisticated healthcare and diagnostic facilities are available. Herein, we report an unusual case of isolated pancreatic region TB, which presented with dyspeptic symptoms and was diagnosed by ultrasonography-guided needle aspiration and computed tomography scan of the abdomen. This case is unique with regard to abundant bacterial load, as evident by Ziehl Neelsen staining and absence of evidence of TB elsewhere. Pancreatic TB should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a pancreatic mass and most patients have an excellent clinical response to standard antituberculosis regimens.