ABSTRACT
The high success rate of dental treatment is dependent on the cooperation of pediatric patients during procedures. Dental treatment often causes pain, particularly in children. The factors in providing treatment to pediatric patients include the characteristics and location of the tooth, profoundness of the anesthesia including the type of local anesthetic, and cooperation of the patient. Previous studies have examined several techniques to successfully achieve profound pulpal anesthesia in maxillary permanent teeth. The dentist should select the injection technique to be used based on patient needs. In children, either buccal with palatal injections or buccal with intra-septal injections may be used to anesthetize the permanent maxillary first molar. Buccal with palatal injections are commonly used prior to routine maxillary dental procedures. Currently, there are only a few studies on the employment of buccal with intra-septal injections to anesthetize permanent maxillary first molars in pediatric patients. This review will focus on efficacy of buccal with palatal versus buccal with intra-septal pulpal anesthesia of the permanent maxillary first molars in pediatric patients and aim to determine which technique should be used during routine dental procedures.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength of a sealant to intact enamel when different adhesive systems were applied. Sixty eight permanent premolars were randomly divided into 4 groups of 17 specimens. The flattest buccal area of each tooth was used as a testing surface. For the control (conventional) group, testing surfaces were treated with 37% phosphoric acid. For experimental groups, flat surfaces were treated with three different adhesive materials as follow: SB (37% phosphoric and Single Bond®); CSE (acidic primer of Clearfil SE Bond®); and AdP (Adper Prompt L- Pop®). A rubber tube of 2.0 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm in height was placed on prepared enamel and filled with sealant (Concise®), then light cured for 40 seconds. All samples were tested for shear bond strength (MPa) after thermocycling for 500 cycles. The results of this study revealed that shear bond strength in the SB group was significantly higher than other groups. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference in shear bond strength of the CSE and the AdP group when compared with the control. In conclusion, the application of Single Bond® can improve bond strength of sealant. Moreover, the self etch adhesive may be an alternative way for sealant application which will simplify sealant procedure and shorten treatment time.Keywords: pit and fissure sealants, dental adhesive, shear bond strength