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Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 18(3): 146-152, ago. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-636166

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar las enfermedades causales de dolor abdominal agudo, en pacientes mayores de 65 años que se presentaron al servicio de urgencias con este síntoma, su presentación clínica, correlación diagnóstica entre diagnósticos de ingreso y egreso, tardanza diagnóstica, estancia hospitalaria y morbilidad y mortalidad asociada. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo de casos incidentes durante 12 meses (marzo de 2000 a febrero de 2001), de los ancianos que consultaron al servicio de urgencias y se hospitalizaron a causa de dolor abdominal agudo no traumático. Escenario: Hospital de Caldas, tercer nivel de atención Resultados: Fueron 209 pacientes, 129 mujeres y 80 hombres, con una edad promedio de 75 años. Como principales causas se encontraron enfermedad del tracto biliar (22.5%), enfermedad ácido péptica (20.6%) y enfermedades cardiovasculares (11%). Los síntomas asociados fueron inespecíficos (predominantemente anorexia, náuseas y vómito), presentando signos físicos sólo el 66% de los casos; 66 pacientes (31.6%) requirieron cirugía. Hubo correlación entre el diagnóstico inicial y el final en el 49.5% Se presentaron complicaciones en 48.8% de los casos con mortalidad global de 28 pacientes (13.4%), predominantemente del grupo sometido a tratamiento quirúrgico (18 casos), y enfermedades concomitantes en el 84% de los pacientes. La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 7.8 días. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico del dolor abdominal agudo en ancianos es difícil por la falta relativa de síntomas y signos físicos. Se destaca el amplio predominio de las enfermedades del tracto biliar y la enfermedad ácido péptica. En los pacientes sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico hay tendencia a presentar mayores complicaciones y mortalidad. Las complicaciones son poco toleradas por los ancianos, enfatizando la importancia de su predicción y prevención.


Objectives: to determine the causal illnesses of acute abdominal pain, in patients older than 65 years old that consult to the emergency service with this symptom, their clinical presentation, correlation between initial and definitive diagnosis, delay in diagnosis, hospital stay and morbilility and associate mortality. Design: descriptive study of incident cases during 12 months (March of 2000 to February of 2001), of the ancient patients that consulted to the emergency service and were hospitalized because of none traumatic acute abdominal pain. Scenario: Hospital of Caldas, third level of attention, Manizales, Colombia. Results: there were 209 patients, 129 female and 80 male, with an average age of 75 years. As main causes of illness were biliary tract diseases (22.5%), peptic disease (20.6%) and cardiovascular diseases (11%). The associate symptoms were none especific (predominantly anorexia, nauseas and vomit), only presenting physical signs in 66% of the cases; 66 patients (31.6%) of them required surgical tratment. There was correlation between the initial and the definitive diagnsosis in 49.5%. Complications presented in 48.8% of the cases, with 28 patients as the global mortality (13.4%), predominantly in the group submitted to surgical treatment (18 cases), and concomitant diseases in 84% of the patients. The average hospital stay was of 7.8 days. Conclusions: diagnosis of the acute abdominal pain in ancient patients is difficult because of the relative lack of symptoms and physical signs. Is evident the wide prevalence of the biliary tract disease and the peptic disease. In the patients submitted to surgical treatment there is a tendency to present higher complication and mortality rate. Complications are bad tolerated by the older patients, emphasizing the importance of their prediction and prevention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Abdominal Pain
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