ABSTRACT
Abstract Background: Lung diseases and different forms of breathing may interfere with cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM). Objective: To compare CAM in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with healthy individuals during spontaneous breathing (SB) and controlled breathing (CB). Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 30 individuals selected by convenience, divided into COPD group (n = 19) and control group (CG; n = 12). All participants were submitted to heart beat recordings during five minutes at rest (SB) and another five minutes during CB performed at six cycles/min. CAM was made by assessment of the heart rate variability (HRV) through time domain (TD) and frequency domain (FD). Comparisons between groups were performed by Mann Whitney test, and significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: During SB, HRV TD and FD indices were higher in the controls than in the COPD group, respectively - RR intervals (53.2 ms versus 36.6 ms), RMSSD (42.1 ms versus 26.6 ms) (p < 0.05), total power (28322.8 ms2/Hz versus 2011.6 ms2/Hz), and high-frequency band (800.5 ms(2) versus 330.7 ms2). During CB, the CG also showed higher values for the TD parameters pNN50 (11.7% versus 5.1%), RMSSD (48.3 ms versus 26.7 ms), and SD of RRi (64.9 ms versus 44.7 ms), as well as for the low-frequency component of FD analysis (2848.6 ms2 versus 1197.9 ms2). Conclusion: COPD patients have different CAM when compared with healthy individuals during spontaneous (SB) and controlled breathing (CB).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Autonomic Nervous System , Respiratory Rate , Heart Rate , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complicationsABSTRACT
Modelo do estudo: estudo observacional transversal seriado descritivo de retro-análise comparativo multifásico. Objetivos do estudo: verificar características clínicas de casos de recidiva em hanseníase, identificados no momento da notificação. Metodologia: estudo realizado a partir da Unidade de Vigilância em Saúde (VISA) do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro (HMCP), através da coleta de dados de 110 fichas de notificação / investigação de hanseníase do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) referentes a período de oito anos consecutivos, complementados com registros clínicos viáveis, em serviço médico-hospitalar universitário. Resultados descritivos, relativos às medidas de posição e variabilidade, apresentados sob forma tabular. Para os estudos das associações entre os atributos e as categorias de respostas, aplicação do teste de Goodman intra e inter proporções multinomiais. Todas as inferências estatísticas foram realizadas ao nível de 5% de significância. Resultados: apurou-se que, diante de casos novos para diagnóstico, são mais provavelmente não recidivantes aqueles detectados por encaminhamento que apresentam lesão única, um ou dois nervos afetados e sem incapacidades físicas. Já os recidivantes se classificam predominantemente como multibacilares, embora com baciloscopia negativa. Conclusões: Tais características divergem em alguns aspectos do encontrado na literatura técnica, cogitando-se como fatores explicativos possíveis a forma como são coletados e processados os dados do SINAN, o preparo dos médicos em detectar e a própria dificuldade do diagnóstico mediante a dinâmica das unidades básicas de saúde.
Type of study: comparative, observational, crosssectional, descriptive study. Objectives: to verify characteristics of leprosy relapsing cases; to clarify peculiarities of such people; to compare results with pertinent technical literature information; to try to understand respective convergences and divergences. Methods: study carried out on data from Health Surveillance Unit of Hospital and Maternity Celso Pierro, Campinas, Brazil, on 110 epidemiological notification information forms have been recorded from the National System on Diseases (SINAN) during eight consecutive years. Descriptive results, referring to position and variability measures are presented on table configuration. Associations have been searched by Goodman's tests intra and inter multinomial proportions. Results: it was observed that, in the diagnosis process, no relapse cases are more probably referred by other services, affected only by one lesion, with one or two nerves impaired and no physical disabilities. Otherwise, relapsed patients are classified as multibacillary, even if with negative bacilloscopy. Conclusions: such characteristics differ in some aspects in relation to what is mentioned on the literature. This can be explained by the way SINAN data are collected and processed, as well as by medical experience on detecting relapses and by operational difficulties presented in the Basic Health Units.