ABSTRACT
Paracetamol is frequently used as an analgesic and antipyretic across the world. However, there is no data on Indian patients regarding the safety and efficacy of paracetamol + lignocaine injection in patients with high-grade fever. Hence, a prospective analysis was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of paracetamol and lignocaine injection in patients with high-grade fever and mild-to-moderate body pain. The study is a real-world prospective study. The results showed that following intervention with paracetamol and lignocaine injection, 98% patients showed resolution of fever and 58% patients showed improvement in pain symptoms. The authors suggest that clinicians should consider paracetamol and lignocaine injection in patients with high-grade fever and associated pain and discomfort.
ABSTRACT
Abstracts: Background & Objective: Blood is an amazing fluid. Blood is obtained only from healthy human being, till date we are not able to prepare blood artificially and no effective substitute is invented. Blood donor is the main brick on which whole building of blood transfusion service is standing. Blood transfusion considered life saving measure to patient if used appropriately but at the same time it is harmful and potential vector of transfusion transmitted infection like HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, syphilis, malaria and many others. Methodology: The present study was carried out at blood bank of GMERS medical college and hospital, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. The period of the study included 6 calendar years from 1st January 2009 to 31st December 2014.whole blood was collected from voluntary and replacement blood donors after following stringent screening criteria. Blood donor details like age, sex, weight, hemoglobin, blood group and transfusion transmitted infections status were noted. Results: Whole blood was collected from 14276 blood donor during study period. Out of them voluntary blood donors were 12606(88.30%) and replacement blood donors were 1670(11.70%). Total male donor and total female donor were 13266(92.93%) and 1010(7.07%) respectively. Age group 21-25 years blood donors donated maximum numbers 3418(23.94%).prevalance of B blood group 5373(37.64%) followed by O blood group 4321(30.27%), A blood group 3262(22.85%), AB blood group 1319(9.24%).out of 14276 transfusion transmitted infections tested blood units, 70(0.5%) blood units were positive for transfusion transmitted infections. Conclusion: Even Among all types of blood donors Voluntary blood donors are major part. Blood donor in Age group 18-30 years are the major source of blood collection. B positive is the most common and AB positive is least common blood groups. Seropositive prevalence of Transfusion transmitted infections in blood donor is 0.5% in all blood donors. HBsAg is the most common transfusion transmitted infections in blood donors.
ABSTRACT
Background: Carcinoma of the breast is the most common malignancy in adult women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. There is an uncertainty over natural history and factors leading to emergence of cancer of breast in women as well as in men. Aims & Objective: To study the various morphological types of malignant lesions and their age distribution, from Mastectomy and Post lumpectomy Mastectomy received from in and around Ahmadabad district, at Department of Pathology, Smt NHL MMC and Sheth VS Hospital, Ahmedabad. Material and Methods: Out of the specimens of breast which presented as mastectomy and post lumpectomy mastectomy specimens of breast to the Department of Pathology, Smt NHL MMC and Sheth VS Hospital, Ahmedabad for histopathological examination, 100 cases were taken up for this study. Detailed clinical data were noted as per the proforma with emphasis on history, gross examination and microscopic examination. Results: Majority of cases were carcinoma (87%). Majority of women (63%) were of age 41-60. Painless lump (77%) was found as most common symptoms, while nipple retraction was found in 3% cases and Peaude orange skin was found in 1% cases. Majority of patients had lump in the left breast (53%) followed by right breast (47%). 40% of patients presented with lump in the upper outer quadrant and 11% in lower outer quadrant. Out of the total 88 carcinomas of breast encountered, 85.2%, were Infiltrating Duct Carcinoma [IDC (NOS)], 1.1% were Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS), 1.1% each of mucinous carcinoma, invasive papillary carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma, 2.2% were metaplastic carcinoma and 6.8% were invasive lobular carcinoma. Most of tumour was T3 (53.48%) followed by T2 (29.06%). In the case of pathological staging The majority of patients were present in stage IIIA (25.58%), stage IIB (24.41%) and stage IIIC (22.09%), followed by Stage IIA (18.60%). Vascular invasion was 21.3% in the case of IDC, 66.6% in the case of ILC and 25% in the case of stromal carcinoma. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of histopathological examination in breast lumps not only in establishing the final diagnosis, but also in predicting the prognosis by typing, staging and grading malignant neoplasm of breast.
ABSTRACT
Background & objectives: Blood is lifesaving fluid that cannot be created artificially. So, Blood donors are the precious resources. Whole blood donation is generally considered to be a safe procedure but sometimes adverse donor reaction (ADR) may occur. Recognition and evaluation of the so called adverse donor reactions during and after whole blood donation has a great value for improving the supply of the blood donation. The present prospective study was carried out with an aim to estimate the frequency and severity of adverse events occurring in whole blood donors at our Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and to study the effect of entertainment as an anxiolytic on development of ADR. Material and Method:The present prospective study was carried out at the IHBT Department of B.J. Medical College, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad. The period of the study was 2 years ranging from 1st September, 2009 to 31st October, 2011. A total of 42,684 whole blood donations were accepted during the period either on replacement basis in house in blood bank or on voluntary basis in outdoor blood donation camps. On 22-02-2011 television set with entertaining channels was installed at the donor reception area and phlebotomy room of the blood bank. Result:It was noted that 632 (1.48 %) donors had developed one of ADR. Conclusion: Because of anxiety syndrome, the rate of ADR was very high in first-time donors (3.25 %) as compared to repeat donors. Television set with entertaining channels had anxiolytic effect on the donors and striking decline (0.81 % to 0.45 %) was noted in the adverse reactions in replacement donors at blood bank.
ABSTRACT
Cataract is a visual impairment occurs due to the opacification of crystalline lens. It affects around 17 billion peoples worldwide, although incidence of cataracts is increasing day by day among the elderly persons. Still today except surgery no other effective treatment have been successfully developed so far, thus this present review is focused to highlights the etiological aspects, risk factors along with possible pharmacological prevention and animal models which are widely used for screening anticataract activity. The present review includes the list of plants and their phytoconstituents which have been evaluated pharmacologically for the treatment of cataract. From the review it can be concluded that antioxidant properties of plants phytochemicals are responsible for the anticataract activity.
ABSTRACT
Background:Although blood transfusion is a life saving therapy, it is associated with various ill effects, which can cause increased morbidity and mortality in recipients. Testing of all donated blood for transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) such as HIV I & II, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis is one of the strategies recommended by WHO to ensure safe blood. However, if the donor is already having an infection, transmissible by blood, the transfusion will be rather hazardous for the recipient. The national blood policy of India 2002 advocates the disclosure of results of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) to blood donors. Aim:To assess the attitude of the transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) reactive blood donor in response to the post-donation calls from blood bank. Material and methods: A total of 20865 blood donors came to the department of IHBT in period of one year from 1St November 2009 to 31St October 2010.All donated blood was screened against HIV I & II , Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis and malaria. On screening the units, it was found that 391 donation units (1.874 %) were positive for one of the TTIs, namely HIV I & II, HBsAg, HCV or syphilis. As follow-up, these donors were recalled at blood bank by a phone call. Results: out of 391 reactive donors only 236 responded to call (average response rate was 60.36%). Conclusion: The study suggest that authorities should frame some guidelines and rules that can increase the response rate among reactive donors and make them assessable because it enables their future investigation and treatment and the prevention of diseases transmission to the community.
ABSTRACT
Cataract is a visual impairment occurs due to the opacification of crystalline lens. It affects around 17 billion peoples worldwide, although incidence of cataracts is increasing day by day among the elderly persons. Still today except surgery no other effective treatment have been successfully developed so far, thus this present review is focused to highlights the etiological aspects, risk factors along with possible pharmacological prevention and animal models which are widely used for screening anticataract activity. The present review includes the list of plants and their phytoconstituents which have been evaluated pharmacologically for the treatment of cataract. From the review it can be concluded that antioxidant properties of plants phytochemicals are responsible for the anticataract activity.