ABSTRACT
Background: Transport of neonates is often neglected, which results in high mortality of neonates during transport. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in terms of hypothermia prevention during transport from hospital to home for low birth weight neonates. Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Participants: A total of 152 low birth weight neonates being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital between March, 2021 and August, 2022. Intervention: Neonates in the study group (n=76) received KMC during transport from the hospital to home, while the control group (n=76) did not receive KMC during transport. Axillary temperature was recorded in both groups at the time of discharge, every 5 minutes during transport, and on reaching home. Outcomes: Hypothermia episodes in neonates while receiving KMC compared to neonates not receiving KMC. Results: Primary endpoint of the study was moderate hypothermia. During transport, 23 (30.3%) neonates in the control group experienced moderate hypothermia during transport, which was statistically significant [0% vs 30.3%; P<0.001]. From 10 minutes of transport till the neonates reached home, the mean (SD) temperature in the study group was significantly higher than in the control group [ 36.8 (0.23) °C vs 36.6 (0.3) °C; P<0.001] at time 15 minutes. Similar results were noted in preterm neonates [36.7 (0.25) °C vs 36.5 (0.29) °C; P<0.001] at time 15 minutes. The number of hypothermia episodes was more in the control group than in the study group during most of the transport time [7.6% vs 43.2%; P<0.001] at time 15 minutes. Conclusions: Low birth weight neonates receiving KMC showed optimal thermoregulation, whereas a high incidence of moderate hypothermia was seen among neonates receiving conventional care during transport.
ABSTRACT
Background: A school is a key location for educating adolescents about health, hygiene and nutrition. Adolescence is period of critical development and transition. These changes have important implications for health. Aims and objectives of the stud was to study the role of WHR in nutritional assessment in adolescent school children and compare it with BMI as an assessment tool and to study nutritional status of municipal and private school.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in 10-17-year-old school children in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. There were 2 private and 2 municipal schools selected randomly by purposive sampling. Child absent or not well on the day of study were excluded.Results: Incidence of obesity is 42.9% and 57.1% in municipal and private school respectively. Incidence of overweight is 47.2% and 52.8% in municipal and private schools respectively. (2.9%) adolescents had BMI range of 25-29.9 which is considered to be overweight. However, the percentage of overweight and obese was raised at 28% and 23.5% respectively when classified as per WHR.Conclusions: The difference between incidence of overweight and obesity in private and municipal schools were not statistically significant. A combination of increase BMI with increase WHR is a stronger indicator of increase health risk.
ABSTRACT
Background: Study of the clinical profile and no. of admissions of adolescents admitted in pediatric ward and other than Pediatric ward.Methods: A Prospective Study, conducted during August 2018 to March 2019, at a tertiary care teaching hospital, including age group 10-19 years.Results: Out of 1645, highest adolescents' admissions'' 749 (46.37%) were to medical ward, 2nd highest in the Pediatric ward which was 317 (19.6%), followed by general surgical ward which was 312(19.3%).'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Highest among late adolescents, infectious diseases were still the leading cause of hospitalization of adolescents as it constituted 68.4% (902) of admissions to other than pediatric ward followed by surgical cause[135(10.2%)] followed by accidents [5%(66)].Conclusions: Infectious diseases are more common in adolescents compared to developed countries. The shift in hospitalisation of adolescents from pediatrics to general medicine at about 14 years is illustrated in present study and reflects the need of better implementation of clinical policy on the age divide.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cerebral palsy is the most common and costly form of chronic motor disability that begins in childhood. Aims of the study were to identify etiology and risk factors of CP*, to find correlation between the etiology and clinical type of CP* in children below age of 5 years.Methods: analytical study done in indoor patients at civil hospital, Ahmedabad from October 2014 to September 2016.Results: Overall incidence of cerebral palsy in indoor patients was 0.78 per 100 patients. Most common age of presentation is 1-3 years. Majority of cases have perinatal factors as etiology followed by postnatal etiology. Most common type of CP was spastic type. Most common type of topographical CP was spastic quadriplegic. Major symptom for which they admitted in the hospital was convulsion.Conclusions: Majority of cases had perinatal factors as etiology author can prevent CP* by providing primary prevention, specific prevention and improving antenatal and intra-natal care. Disease progression of CP* can be halted by secondary prevention. Maximization of function can be done by tertiary prevention.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic method in lung tumour as well as to determine the incidence of lung cancer in various age and sex group and in relation with smoking. Hundred cases of lung tumours were investigated. Out of 100 patients, 88 were male and 12 were female. The age of patients varies from 23-78 years most of the patient were in the age group of 50-70 years. The most common tumour was squamous cell carcinoma (45%) followed by adenocarcinoma (22%), small cell carcinoma (16%) and large cell carcinoma (8%). Eighty out of 100 patient had history of smoking. Diagnostic accuracy of cytology with final histopathological report was established with accuracy rate of 95%.