ABSTRACT
Background: The aim of the study was to determine the morphological shapes of condyloid process of mandibleand finding out the prevalence of different forms in dry human mandibles.Methods: Gross examination of 60 dry human mandible was carried out from the collection of department ofAnatomy, Government medical college, bhavnagar, gujarat for the shape of condyloid process from superior,anterior, medial and lateral views.Results: From the superior view, shape was oval in 57.5%, elongated in 22.5%, rounded in 10%, angled in 9.17%and irregular in 0.83% of the mandibular condyles where as from the anteriror view, shapes were convex in47.5%, flat in 41.67% and angled in 10.83% of the condyles. From the lateral view, shapes observed were flat,rounded and pointed with their percentage being 58.33%, 33.33% and 8.33% respectively where as from themedial view, flat, rounded and pointed shapes were found in 32.5%, 60% and 7.5% of the condyles respectively.Conclusion: The data obtained from the present study may found helpful in personal identification, condylesurgeries and prosthesis making.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Upper end of tibia is the component of knee joint. Accurate morphometric anatomical data of theupper end of tibia and morphometric differences according to gender are very important to make design of totalknee joint replacement prosthesis. Knee prosthesis made based on morphometric data of components of knee(femur and tibia) and according to gender difference will give better results after surgery in early mobility ofpatients as well as fewer post-operative complications.Aim: Present study was done to find out sexual dimorphism in upper end of tibia as well as differences inmorphometric data of upper end of tibia between other populations across the world and within India.Materials and Methods: For the present study the material consisted of 120 dry tibia of known gender were used.Out of them 60 were of male tibia (30 of right side and 30 of left side) and 60 were of female tibia (30 of right sideand 30 of left side). We have selected five metrical parameters 1. Bicondylar width (BCW), 2. Medial condylarantero-posterior distance of superior articular surface (MCAPD), 3. Lateral condylar antero-posterior distanceof superior articular surface (LCAPD), 4. Medial condylar transverse distance of superior articular surface(MCTD) and 5. Lateral condylar transverse distance of superior articular surface (LCTD) for the present studybased on which the tibial component of prosthesis for knee joint replacement surgery is made.Results: All five parameters which are chosen are found significantly larger in male than females. The findingsare smaller than Caucasian population and population of North India and found larger than population of SouthIndia.Conclusion: Present study provides data of measurement of upper end of tibia by direct observation which will beuseful to select correct sized knee prosthesis according to measurements. We have also provided data genderwise and on right and left side which will improve the longitivity of knee prosthesis, increased mobility of patientand improve the lifestyle after knee replacement surgery.
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Background & objectives: Anemia is considered as important clinical manifestation of haematological and non-haematological disease while thalassemia and sickle cell disease considered now as genetic disorders. The purpose is to investigate prevalence of anemia, β-thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait. Materials & Method: The present study was carried in 250 medical students (194 male & 56 female) for screening of for anemia, β thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait with help of tests like Haemoglobin estimation, Peripheral blood smear examination, NESTROFT and Dithionate turbidity test5,6 and Hb electrophoresis. Results: The prevalence of anemia was higher in female 25 (44.6%) as compared to male medical students 59 (30.4%) & difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) but anemia detected in male & female medical students was not correlated with MCV & PCV value (p>0.05). Only 2 (1.03%) male shows β thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait while in case of female 2 (3.57%) shows prevalence of β thalassemia trait & 1 (1.7%) shows prevalence of sickle cell trait. Conclusion: Knowledge of heterozygote for β-thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait impart great impact on society for genetic counselling and prevention of their offspring became homozygote for thalassemia major and sickle cell disease. Also evaluate sensitivity of simple screening test like NESTROFT and dithionate solubility test for detection of β-thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait.
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Background & objective: Present study was carried out to find correlation and to derive a regression formula between head length and body height in Gujarat region. This is useful in anthropology, anatomy and forensic medicine. The material consists of 500 students from Gujarat. Methods: The age of subject was in the range of 8 to 18 years.The length of head was measured between two craniometric points, glabella and opisthocranion. Spreading caliper was used to measure head length. Height of the subject was measured with standard Height measuring instrument subject in anatomical position. Measurements were taken at fixed time to avoid diurnal variation. Results: The result obtained was analyzed and attempt was made to derive a formula between head length and total height of an individual. The result shows that there is a Moderate correlation between head length and height of an individual. Interpretation & conclusion: In present study the correlation co-efficient between height and head length is +0.30 Which is moderately significant and p value <0.05 and regression formula obtained is Y= 12.33 +7.75X.
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Objective: Haemoglobinopathies are a group of disorders with structural or quantitative variation in normal hemoglobin structure. There are various identified haemoglobinopathies worldwide, among these sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia are prevalent in Gujarat. Both of them are associated with marked morbidity and mortality.Method: Hemoglobin electrophoresis is a low cost method helpful in early diagnosis of many of these haemoglobinopathies. In current retrospective study- 33 cases of clinically and hematological suspected cases of haemoglobinopathies were subjected for hemoglobin electrophoresis on agarose gel at pH 8.6. Result and conclusion: Out of 33 suspected cases 13 cases of thalassemia major, 10 cases of sickle cell anemia and 7 cases of sickle cell trait were diagnosed with varying degree of clinical and hematological findings.
ABSTRACT
Background And Objectives: The study has been done to find out correlation between different parameters of foot. The aim and objective are to develop a model to reconstruct a stature from foot breadth. The study is carried out in 285 asymptomatic healthy adults 149 Males and 136 Females between 18-23 years of age, belongs to different region of Gujarat. Materials And Methods: Foot breadth and foot length were measured with sliding calliper and stature was measured by a standard anthropometer rod in erect anatomical position. Observation And Results: Obtained data was statistically analysed, and a significant correlation of stature was observed with foot breadth and foot length with foot breadth on both Rt. And Lt. side in males and females. Linear regression equations were derived to calculate foot length and stature from foot breadth. Interpretation And Conclusion: A highly significant correlation coefficient (p-value 0.0000) has been found between different parameters of foot on both Rt. and Lt.side in males and females. So stature can be more accurately calculated by foot breadth than long bones. The findings are useful to anatomists, criminologists, human biologist and forensic medicine experts.