ABSTRACT
Background: Health care provision is facing significant burden due to osteoarthritis, which is the most common condition affecting synovial joints. Osteoarthritis of the knee causes substantial pain and disability, especially in the elderly. Purpose of the study: Our objective is to incorporate the effect of ageing and osteoarthritis of knee over temporo-spatial parameters of gait, based on a systematic review of the evidence from various articles. Method: Systemic literature search using PubMed, CINAHL, EBSCO and Willes library databases done. Articles following criteria of OA knee, gait analysis and ageing were selected. Result: Among the 272 articles identified by the literature search, 59 articles reporting one of filter criteria were selected. Three additional articles were found by manual search. After reviewing the full-texts, another 29 reports were excluded because preselected 3D kinematic data were not available. Thus, the final analysis included 30 full-length reports (19 knee OA studies, 11 OA studies including ageing individuals) studying 781 knee OA patients (weighted mean age = 64.4 years, 59% females, weighted mean BMI = 29.0 kg/m2) and 343 ageing OA patients (weighted mean age = 78.1 years, 68% females, weighted mean BMI = 27.3 kg/m2) Conclusion: Gait analysis as a noninvasive aid to clinical assessment could become an important clinical method of functional assessment in knee OA as well as arthritic changes taking place due to age. However, on the basis of the present systematic literature search, the available data concerning validity and reliability are clearly insufficient to consider kinematic parameters as quantifiable outcome measures in OA. Summary and implications: Our study finding suggests presence of altered gait parameters because of osteoarthritis of knee as well as ageing, which was supported by result of having higher grading of affection in relatively younger individual have shown less affection because of high functionality level, while in compare to that older individuals less arthritic changes have also shown more impairment in functionality because of low occupational needs.
ABSTRACT
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are negative consequences of drug therapy. ADR results in diminished quality of life, increased physician visits, hospitalizations, and even death. Hence a study was planned to detect and analyze ADR encountered in emergency medicine department.Methods: Data was collected over a period of 1 year after taking approval from IRB (Institutional Review Board) and written informed consent from patients. ADRs presenting as a cause of hospital admission or developed during hospitalization were analyzed.Results: A total of 229 ADRs were analyzed. Majority of ADRs were found in the age group of 40-60 Years. The M: F Ratio was 1.10:1. According to Wills and Brown Classification, majority of the ADRs belonged to Type A. According to Hartwig and Siegel classification of severity of ADRs, 18.78% of the ADRs were severe in nature. According to Schumock and Thornton preventability score, majority (64.19%) of the ADRs were not preventable, whereas 17.03% were definitely preventable. 120 (52.40%) of the ADRs were serious in nature Anti-infective were the most common drug class (30.13%) followed by CVS (24.03%) group of drugs. About (57.64%) ADRs fall in the category of probable/likely. Regarding their Outcome, 44.10% of the ADRs were recovered and 43.23% were recovering.Conclusions: Anti-infective were the most reported drug class to cause ADRs in a tertiary care emergency medicine department. Causality assessment according to WHO-UMC and Naranjo’s causality assessment criteria reported to be Probable. Whereas modified Schumock and Thornton scale preventability scale showed that majority were not preventable.
ABSTRACT
Background & Objectives: Osteoarthritis is chronic degenerative disorder of joint having many etiological factors. It is estimated to be the fourth leading cause of disability with prevalence of 22% to 39% in India. There is availability of less evidence of physiotherapy treatment for OA. Hence the need of the study is to find the individual and comparative effect of Apos therapy and knee brace in aspect of pain, range of motion and functional disability in patients with O.A. knee. Method: 30 subjects with osteoarthritis of Tibiofemoral joint were selected for the study and randomly divided in to two groups (A&B) of 15 subjects. Group A received Apos therapy and Group B received knee brace. Both groups treated with active exercises plus IFT. Pain was measured by VAS, Range of motion was measured by Goniometer and functional disability was measured by WOMAC scale. Results :Intra-group comparison of VAS , ROM and WOMAC score showed significant improvement in both the group but Apos therapy group showed highly significant (p< 0.001) improvement. Conclusion: In this study both groups have shown significant difference in reducing pain, improving ROM, and improving functional disability but Apos therapy showed more improvement than application of knee brace.