ABSTRACT
Background: FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a well accepted technique and plays an important role in early diagnosis of head and neck lesions. It is a safe and inexpensive outdoor procedure. Materials and methods: This study was carried out over a period of 9 months (January 2021 to September 2021). A total of 60 patients with head and neck lymphadenopathy were subjected to FNAC at a tertiary care centre in Vadodara, Gujarat. All reports were recorded and data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel. Results: In the present study, the various causes of head and neck lymphadenopathy were classified according to cytomorphological patterns. Among the diagnostic outcome, overall prevalence of granulomatous lymphadenitis was 35% (21 cases), reactive hyperplasia was 26.67% (16 cases), secondary metastases were 18.33% (11 cases), lymphoma was 10% (6 cases) and acute non-specific lymphadenitis was 10% (6 cases). Conclusion: FNAC is simple, quick, inexpensive and safe diagnostic procedure which also is an useful adjunct to histopathology.
ABSTRACT
Castleman’s disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, described for the first time by Castleman, et al. in 1954 in a single case then in 1956 in a group of 13 patients with localized benign lymphadenopathy. The incidence of CD is unknown and can occur at any age, however it is mainly reported in adults in the literature with a slight feminine predominance (60%). The majority of the previously reported cases of CD in the neck were of the hyaline vascular type and the most common sign was an asymptomatic neck mass. In the present case the patient is having unicentric CD and histologically it is Mixed Type. We are reporting this case because of its rarity.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbance in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and related to deficiency in insulin secretion or in its action. Diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism are metabolic disorders that affect the levels of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids also. The effects of thyroid dysfunction on the various metabolic pathways are assessed by specific tests, such as free T4, free T3 and TSH. Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional study of 263 individuals was conducted in Dhiraj Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. It included indoor, outdoor and diabetic clinic’s patients, coming to Dhiraj hospital in duration of one year. Results: In this study, total number of patient was 263, in which 134 were male and 129 were female. Out of 263 patients, 196 were euthyroid. Out of 134 male, 110 were euthyroid and 24 had thyroid dysfunction and out of 129 female, 86 were euthyroid and 43 had thyroid dysfunction with prevalence of 9.12% and 16.35% respectively. Conclusion: A study of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients which included 263 diabetic patients, out of them 67 had thyroid dysfunction. Out of these, 67 patients 43 were female and 24 were male. This suggests that female were more prone to thyroid dysfunction than males. Out of 67 thyroid dysfunction patients, 42 were above the age of 50 year. So as the age increases the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction also increases. In our study, we found that as the duration of T2DM increases, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increases in patients of hypothyroidism but no such correlation was found in patients of hyperthyroidism.
ABSTRACT
Abstracts: Background: Retinal vein occlusion is a commonly encountered vascular disorder affecting the retina. Systemic diseases have been implicated in the pathogenesis of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Many systemic risk factors of BRVO are reported from studies done in various countries. However, there is scarcity of reports of systemic associations of BRVO in Indian population. Purpose: To find the systemic associations of BRVO. Materials and Methods: Medical records of patients of BRVO visiting the tertiary eye care center of a medical college during the past two years were retrieved. Their demographic presentations and systemic associations were analyzed. Results: One hundred and fourteen patients of BRVO with male:female ratio of 2.3:1 and having a mean age of 58 + 9.5 years were analyzed. Seventy-five (65.8 %) patients were hypertensive, 32 (28.1 %) had hyperhomocysteinemia, 26 (22. 8 %) were suffering from diabetes mellitus and 20 (17.5 %) were dyslipidemic. Twenty (17.5 %) patients were addicted to tobacco in some or the other forms whereas 18 (15.8 %) patients were smokers. Conclusion: The first step in the management of BRVO is to identify the risk factors associated with the disease in order to correct them. A joint effort is needed between the ophthalmologist and the physician to treat this sight-threatening retinal condition.