ABSTRACT
Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common acquired gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. Presence of pneumatosis intestinalis is taken as evidence of definite NEC. A distinctive but rare form of NEC called "pneumatosis coli" has been described, presenting with gross blood in stools and minimal or absent local and systemic signs. Radio-graph characteristically reveal isolated colonic pneumatosis without small bowel involvement. Pneumatosis coli has a more benign course compared with definite NEC. Total parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, an appropriate duration off feeds and close observation remain the corner stones of therapy assuring a benign course.
Subject(s)
Colonic Diseases/diagnosis , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/diagnosis , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis , Male , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnosis , PrognosisSubject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis , Adolescent , Apgar Score , Cornea/abnormalities , Craniofacial Abnormalities/diagnosis , Ear/abnormalities , Fatal Outcome , Female , Gestational Age , Hand Deformities/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic/diagnosis , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Neck/abnormalities , Nose/abnormalities , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Syndrome , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methodsSubject(s)
Benzothiadiazines , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Diseases in Twins , Diuretics , Humans , Hyponatremia/chemically induced , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/chemically induced , Infant, Newborn , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/drug therapy , Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/adverse effects , Theophylline/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Adult , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Developing Countries , Female , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Pregnancy, Multiple , Pseudomonas/pathogenicity , Pseudomonas Infections/diagnosis , Triplets , VirulenceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety and efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO)in reducing the need for red cell transfusions in anemia of prematurity. METHODS: forty -two preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) were randomly assigned to a "treatment" group (r-HuEPO 400 units/kg every alternate day * 10 doses) or "no treatment" (control) group. All infants on enteral feeds received oral iron 3 mg/kg/day, graded up to 6 mg/kg/day. RESULTS: Higher reticulocyte counts in week 2 and 3 and higher hemoglobin levels in week 4 were noted after treatment with r-HuEPO. Despite stumulated erythropoiesis, the frequency of transfusions could not be reduced with r-HuEPO therapy.Overall, Phlebotomy losses, frequency and volume of redcell transfusions were significantly more in neonates with birthweight <1000 grams compared with those with birthweight >1000 grams (p<0.05). Associated side effects of r-HuEPO such as neutropenia,sepsis, hypertension or increased risk of late death did not occur. CONCLUSION:r-HuEPO therapy was safe without any side effects.Inability of r-HuEPO therapy to minimize red cell transfusions for anemia of prematurity may be explained by a relatively strict red-cell transfusion policy and the desired degree of treatment effect.