ABSTRACT
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS), also known as testicular feminization, an X-linked recessive disorder comprises a wide range of phenotypes that are caused by various types of mutations in the androgen receptor gene. AIs can be classified as complete, partial, or mild based on the phenotypic presentation. The clinical findings include a female type of external genitalia, 46-XY karyotype, absence of Mullerian structures, presence of Wolffian structures to various degree, and normal to high testosterone and gonadotropin levels. We report this case as an interesting and rare syndrome. The patient is a 15-year-old phenotypic female who presented with primary amenorrhea and normal-appearing external genitalia. Orchidectomy was done after proper counselling and proper psychological support was given to her.
ABSTRACT
Aim: In the present study, Sumatriptan succinate was formulated as oral elementary osmotic pump with a zero-order drug release profile. Methodology: The effect of different formulation variables i.e. different types of osmogens, concentrations of osmogen and concentration of coating solution were studied. The in vitro evaluation was carried out in different release media. Result: Highest percentage of drug release was observed at high concentration of mannitol i.e., 1:3 (drug: mannitol). Osmogen with low osmotic pressure (38 atm) showed 71.01% zero-order drug release for 12 hours when compared to that of the osmogen with high osmotic pressure (356 atm) which showed 67.38% of release by zero order. Conclusion: Elementary osmotic pump tablets of Sumatriptan succinate were able to deliver zero-order release up to 12 hours independent of pH of dissolution media and have overcome the problem of chronotherapeutic effect.
ABSTRACT
Bendamustine hydrochloride is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It kills the existing cancer cells and limits the growth of new cancer cells. Three simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of Bendamustine hydrochloride in phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) (Method A) and boric buffer (pH 9.0) (Method B). Method C is a difference spectroscopy technique in which the amplitude was chosen for the analytical calculations. Bendamustine hydrochloride obeys Beer-Lambert’s law over the concentration range 1-40 μg/ml, 0.1-40 μg/ml and 5- 40 μg/ml with regression equations y = 0.003x + 0.001(r² = 0.998) y = 0.0027x + 0.0005 (r² = 0.999), and y = 0.0034x + 0.006 (r² = 0.994) for Method A, B and C respectively. The methods were validated as per ICH guidelines and can be applied for the determination of Bendamustine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations.