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Av. enferm ; 24(1): 26-34, jun. 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-480373

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una investigación que permitió construir un instrumento cuyo objetivo es valorar las prácticas de cuidado que realizan las mujeres en la etapa prenatal. Se aplicaron los criterios de confiabilidad y validez, que dieron lugar a un instrumento válido y confiable que puede utilizarse para el estudio de las prácticas de cuidado en el área materno prenatal, en la sublínea de investigación Prácticas del Cuidado Materno Perinatal, que desarrolla la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se diseñó un instrumento con escala tipo Likert con 31 ítems, el cual se aplicó a 303 mujeres de diferentes estratos socioeconómicos, procedentes Bogotá, Bucaramanga y Pereira. Para la validez de criterio se tomó como criterio externo la revisión de la evidencia científica existente sobre las seis dimensiones que tiene el instrumento. La confiabilidad se midió a través de la consistencia interna, la cual mostró un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,66. La estabilidad se midió a través del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, y presentó una correlación general de 0,8, y la de las diferentes dimensiones osciló entre 0,5 y 0,8. El instrumento presenta una buena validez aparente, ya que al aplicarlo se encontró relación en re las preguntas y lo que se pretendía medir. Después de analizar los hallazgos se presentan las conclusiones y algunas recomenda ciones del estudio para aplicación futura.


A methodological research was carried out that enabled the researcher to build an instrument whose objective is the evaluation of the care practices performed by mothers in state of gestation on themselves and on their childs to be born among women in the prenatal stage. Norms of reliability and validity were applied, turning thus the instrument into a valid and reliable one to be used in the study of care practices in the prenatal maternal area, which is part of the Practical Research of the Perinatal Maternal Care that is made by the Nursing Faculty of the Universidad Nacional (National University of Colombia). An instrument build with a 31 items type Likert scale was de signed, which was applied to 303 women from different socioeconomic strata in Bogotá, Bucaramanga and Pereira. In vali dating the criteria, researchers used as ex ter nal source the review of existing scientific evidence on the six dimensions proper to the instrument: physical activity, prenatal stimulation, feeding, consumption of non beneficial substances, care and personal hygiene, and support systems. The validity of the content was evaluated in the study by a group of nine experts. The reliability was measured through the internal con sistency, which showed an alpha Cron bach coefficient of 0.66 for the who le instrument. The stability was measured through the Pearson's correlation coefficient, which rea ched a high 0.8, there maining dimensions ranging bet ween 0.5 and 0.8 The instrument has a good apparent validity, since when applied there was a relations hip between the questions and the issues which were in tended to measure. After analyzing the findings, we presented some conclusions and recommendations for future use.


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis/nursing , Maternal-Child Nursing
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