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1.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 80(2): 121-128, abr. 2009. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-545901

ABSTRACT

Background: The double-blind food challenge is the gold standard for diagnosis of food allergy, even though it is difficult to standardize and execute. An increase in allergy prevalence worldwide accentuates the importance of evaluating food allergy markers, in order to help the diagnosis. Objective: Elaboration of an operational definition for food hypersensitivity (FH) and evaluate the role of allergy markers, endoscopic and histological findings, gastric mucosa cytokines and personal/family history of allergy in children. Method: Enrollment of children with suspected peptic disease referred for endoscopy. We obtained antral biopsies for histological evaluation (eosinophil and mast cell count) and measurement of mucosal cytokines through an ELISA test. Patients were evaluated with Prick test, total serum IgE and clinical questionnaires for allergies. They were divided into two groups; children with and without food hypersensitivity. Results: 97 children were enrolled (mean: 11.7 +/- 3, range 3-18). 4 percent of children had FH. The endoscopic findings did not correlate with the presence of FH. 74.1 percent of patients without FH had eosinophils in the gastric mucosa compared to groups with FH which had 100 percent) (p < 0.05). Only IL-2 among the evaluated cytokines was found in a greater concentration in patients without FH. 33 percent> of patients considered themselves having history of personal allergies versus 11.8 percent of people without FH (p < 0.05). Conclusions: 12,4 percent of children with digestive symptoms referred to endoscopy have FH. There are no clinical, endoscopic or histological differences between patients with or without FH.


Introducción: El diagnóstico de alergia a alimentos se fundamenta en la prueba de provocación oral doble ciego, de difícil estandarización y ejecución. El aumento de la prevalencia de alergia hace necesario la evaluación de marcadores de alergia a alimentos para facilitar el diagnóstico. Objetivo: Evaluar en niños, a partir de una definición operacional de hipersensibilidad a alimentos (HA), el rol de algunos marcadores de hipersensibilidad, hallazgos endoscópicos e histológicos, citoquinas de mucosa gástrica, y antecedentes personales y familiares de alergia. Métodos: Se enrolaron niños referidos a endoscopia por sospecha de enfermedad péptica. Se obtuvieron biopsias antrales para evaluación histológica (incluyendo eosinófilos y mastocitos) y citoquinas mediante ELISA. Se les realizó test cutáneo (TC), IgE total sérica y cuestionarios clínicos de alergia. Se dividió en 2 grupos, niños con y sin HA según criterio establecido. Resultados: Se reclutaron 97 niños (promedio: 11,7 +/- 3 años, rango 3 a 18). Un 12,4 por ciento de los niños presentó HA. Los hallazgos endoscópicos no se relacionaron con la presencia de HA. Un 74,1 por ciento de los pacientes sin HA presentó eosinófilos en la mucosa gástrica comparado con un 100 por ciento en el grupo con HA (p < 0,05). Sólo IL-2 se encontró en mayor concentración en pacientes sin HA. Un 33,3 por ciento de la población con HA consideró tener antecedentes personales de AA versus un 11,8 por ciento de los sin HA (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: La HA en niños referidos a endoscopia por síntomas digestivos está presente en un 12,4 por ciento, sin elementos clínicos, endoscópicos o histológicos que los diferencien de niños sin HA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Child , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Food Hypersensitivity/pathology , Allergens , Cytokines/immunology , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Eosinophils , Immunoglobulin E , Biomarkers , Gastric Mucosa/immunology , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Prospective Studies , Skin Tests
2.
3.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 13(1): 19-26, mar. 2002. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-321421

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Interleuquina (IL)-8 ha sido involucrada en las respuestas inflamatoria de la infección por H. pylori. Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia y niveles de IL-8, y su correlación con factores demográficos, presencia de H. pylori, daño histológico asociado, y evolución de la infección, en niños chilenos con H. pylori. Métodos: En forma prospectiva, 50 niños con indicación de endoscopía, fueron enrolados previo consentimiento parental. Las biopsias antrales fueron analizadas para: detección de H. pylori mediante ureasa, tinción histológica, detección de IL-8 por ELISA, expresado como pg de citoquina/mg de proteína total. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 13,9 ñ 2,6 años (media ñ 1 DE). No hubo asociación entre edad, sexo, nivel socioeconómico y el nivel de IL-8 (p = 0,3). Los 37 niños infectados con H. pylori presentaron niveles de IL-8 mayores que los niños no infectados (311,1 vs 79,9 pg/ml, p < 0,05). La intensidad del infiltrado inflamatorio (p = 0,0022), la actividad determinada por polimorfonucleares (p = 0,027) y la presencia de desdiferenciación foveolar (p = 0,00003), se correlacionaron con la presencia de IL-8. La expresión de IL-8 en mucosa antral fue mayor en niños con gastritis crónica y especialmente en aquellos con úlcera duodenal al ser comparado con el grupo normal (p < 0,005 y p < 0,0005, respectivamente), pero no hubo diferencia entre los niños infectados con H. pylori con gastritis sola (351 pg/mg) comparados con los que presentaban ulceración duodenal (375 pg/mg). Conclusiones: El mayor nivel de IL-8 en niños con úlcera duodenal puede representar un mayor nivel de activación inflamatoria local o ser un marcador de mayor virulencia bacteriana


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Gastritis , Helicobacter Infections , Interleukin-8 , Duodenal Ulcer/diagnosis , Biopsy , Gastritis , Helicobacter pylori , Interleukin-8 , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Prospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Duodenal Ulcer/etiology
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 123(11): 1341-8, nov. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-164911

ABSTRACT

In order to characterize further the nature of emotional factors in RAP patients, we conducted a controlled psychological evaluation of 46 consecutive new patients with RAP, aged 7-17 (group A) by mean of structured interviews and questionnaires. Two control groups of pediatric patients with chronic illnesses were also assessed using the same methodology. Group B consisted of 22 individuals with chronic abdominal pain and endoscopiy-proven peptic ulcer or duodenitis and group C consisted of 24 individuals with chronic, stable, non gastroenterological diseases (diabetes mellitus or physical handicaps). Parents were evaluated for depressive symptoms


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Abdominal Pain/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Family/psychology , Abdominal Pain/psychology , Case-Control Studies , Developmental Disabilities/complications , Surveys and Questionnaires , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 123(5): 549-59, mayo 1995. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-152856

ABSTRACT

Protective immunity against rotavirus infection is directed against antigenic epitopes on the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4. The aim of this study was to characterize the VP7 and VP4 antigenic types circulating in different hospital areas of Santiago, Chile, obtained from children consulting for acute no bloody diarrhea in 5 hospitals representative of the 5 major health areas in Santiago. In addition, 256 rotavirus positive samples, obtained from children with acute diarrhea consulting in the north health area of Santiago between 1985-1987 were studied. All samples were processed for rotavirus by an ELISA and all rotavirus positive samples were selected for VP4 typing by PCR (types P1-P4). A total of 782 rotavirus positive samples were obtained of wich 618 (79 percent) were typeable for one specific VP7 type. VP7 type G1 represented 63 percent of the rotavirus positive samples and predominated in all areas evaluated throughout the entire period of observation. VP7 type G2 represented 13 percent of rotavirus samples, following G1 in predominance. G2 types decreased progressively in all areas in both study periods. G4 types were detected mainly during 1985-1987, and G3 types have so far not been detected. Preliminary analysis of VP4 types suggests that P1 types are predominant and closely associated with VP7 G1 type. These results are relevant for the adoption of appropiate preventive strategies for rotavirus infection, specifically aimed to the development of effective vaccines


Subject(s)
Rotavirus/genetics , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , In Vitro Techniques , Specimen Handling , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Epitopes/isolation & purification
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