ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the application of surgical locating guides based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique on extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth.@*METHODS@#This study included 15 patients with impacted supernumerary teeth in anterior maxillary. Surgical approach was determined by CBCT. Surgical locating guides of labial approach or palatal approach were designed and fabricated by CAD/CAM technique. Impacted supernumerary teeth were extracted under the location of surgical locating guides.@*RESULTS@#Surgical locating guides were well attached in the operation. The impacted supernumerary teeth were located and exposed rapidly, and the adjacent important anatomical structures were avoided.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Surgical locating guides benefit the accurate detection and reduction of trauma in extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Maxilla , Tooth Extraction , Tooth, Impacted , Tooth, SupernumeraryABSTRACT
Objective To understand the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among special populations in Nanjing City, so as to provide the reference for formulating the interventions for the prevention and control of T. gondii infections in this population. Methods The HIV/AIDS patients, tumor patients, pregnant women, and people with livestock and poultry breeding or processing works were selected as the study subjects from September to November 2015. The venous blood samples were collected from each participant for detecting IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii by ELISA. Results The overall prevalence of T. gondii infection was 10.2% in the study subjects in Nanjing City. The T. gondii infection rates were 12.2%, 11.3%, 4.0%, and 13.0% among the HIV/AIDS patients, tumor patients, pregnant women, and people with livestock and poultry breeding or processing works, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference among the four groups (χ2 = 5.668, P = 0.130). The prevalence of T. gondii infection was higher in men than in women (15.3% vs. 5.8%; χ2 = 10.213, P = 0.001), and there were significant differences in the prevalence of T. gondii infection in terms of gender (χ2 = 9.501, P = 0.023), education levels (χ2 = 9.850, P = 0.043) or occupations (χ2 = 8.983, P = 0.062). Conclusions The infection rate of T. gondii among the special population in Nanjing City is high. Therefore, the health education intervention should be strengthened in the follow-up work for the special population.
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the effect of an automatic identification system of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia, and compare it with the traditional eye detection method in the simulation field.A total of 260 fecal samples were collected from schistosomiasis non-endemic areas, and the test sample bottles containing schistosome miracidia were prepared according to different experimental needs. Thirty fecal samples for the sensitivity test were separately added with five fresh miracidia per sample, and then the mixed samples were detected by two experienced technicians (with more than 15 years’ traditional test experience) or the automatic system. The positive detection rates were compared between the two methods. Thirty fecal samples for repetition test were separately added with ten fresh miracidia per sample, and then the mixed samples were detected separately with the automatic identification system by two experienced technicians. The results were compared between two persons. The two methods including the automatic identification system and the traditional eye detection method were carried out blindly with totally 200 samples in the simulation field. There were three groups (each with 30 samples) : Group 1 with more than 21 fresh miracidia, Group 2 with 6 to 20 fresh miracidia, and Group 3 with 1 to 5 fresh miracidia. The other 110 samples were as a negative group. The detection time, accuracy, missed detection rate, and false detection rate of the two methods were statistically compared.The positive detection rates of the 30 positive samples were 43.33% and 33.33% by the two technicians with the traditional eye detection method, respectively, while the detection rate was 80.00% by the automatic identification system, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 7.05, χ2 = 12.97, both P < 0.01). Thirty positive samples were detected by the two technicians using the same automatic identification system, and the positive detection rates of the two were 96.67% and 86.67%, respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.27, P > 0.05). The experiments showed that the correct detection rate of the positive samples was 98.00% by the automatic identification system, which was higher than 79.75% by the traditional eye detection method. The detection time of the automatic identification system was shortened by half compared with that of the traditional eye detection method. The missed detection rate, and false detection rate of the automatic identification system were 2.22% and 1.82%, respectively, which were much lower than 35.56% and 7.73% of the traditional eye detection method.Compared with the traditional eye detection method, the automatic identification system of S. japonicum miracidia has the advantages of high sensitivity, good repeatability, short detection time, high accuracy, low missed detection rate, and low false detection rate. It can be used in the field and clinical detection in replacement of the traditional eye detection method.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among special populations in Nanjing City, so as to provide the reference for formulating the interventions for the prevention and control of T. gondii infections in this population. Methods The HIV/AIDS patients, tumor patients, pregnant women, and people with livestock and poultry breeding or processing works were selected as the study subjects from September to November 2015. The venous blood samples were collected from each participant for detecting IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii by ELISA. Results The overall prevalence of T. gondii infection was 10.2% in the study subjects in Nanjing City. The T. gondii infection rates were 12.2%, 11.3%, 4.0%, and 13.0% among the HIV/AIDS patients, tumor patients, pregnant women, and people with livestock and poultry breeding or processing works, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference among the four groups (χ2 = 5.668, P = 0.130). The prevalence of T. gondii infection was higher in men than in women (15.3% vs. 5.8%; χ2 = 10.213, P = 0.001), and there were significant differences in the prevalence of T. gondii infection in terms of gender (χ2 = 9.501, P = 0.023), education levels (χ2 = 9.850, P = 0.043) or occupations (χ2 = 8.983, P = 0.062). Conclusions The infection rate of T. gondii among the special population in Nanjing City is high. Therefore, the health education intervention should be strengthened in the follow-up work for the special population.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 ( MGST1) in hepa-tocellular carcinoma ( HCC) and its significance in the development of HCC. Methods Western blot was used to measure MGST1 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues and HCC cell lines. Further-more, shRNA targeting MGST1 was constructed and transected into MHCC97H and HCCLM3 cells to deplete MGST1 expression. MGST1 was over-expressed in SK-Hep-1 cells using pCDH lentivirus system. Cell proliferation and migration were analyzed by colony formation and Transwell migration assay, respectively. The subcutaneous xenograft model of MHCC97H cells in nude mice was established to check tumor development and mouse survival.Results MGST1 was higher in 71% (17/24) of HCC tissues compared with their adjacent liver tissues. Cell proliferation and migration were significantly decreased by MGST1 knockdown, while they were increased by MGST1 overexpression. Furthermore, mice implanted with shMGST1 MHCC97H cells exhibited retarded tumor formation and tumor progression compared with control group. Conclusions MGST1 overexpression promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development and this molecule targeted for HCC treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a dynamic automatic identification system(device)of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia to achieve the automatic detection and improve the detection rate and efficiency of schistosome miracidia.Methods The dynamic automatic identification system(device)of S.japonicum miracidia was composed of an optical stereoscope,a digital camera,dy-namic automatic tracking recognition software,and a computer.Under different conditions,the detection rates and efficiency of the system were compared with those of five professional persons.Results The basic function of the system was to identify,la-bel and warn the miracidia of S.japonicum,and the records could be saved automatically.The laboratory tests showed that the missing rate of the system was 0.The total consistent rates of the manual detection were 74.67% and 66.67% in the condition with and without water bug,while the total consistent rates of the system were 100.00% and 96.67%,respectively(χ2=9.634, 11.081,both P<0.01).Conclusions The system is much superior to manual detection in the accuracy and speed,and the sys-tem could completely replace the manual detection.Therefore,the system could be used in the field and basic research of schis-tosomiasis.
ABSTRACT
Emerging evidence indicates that microglia activation plays an important role in spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by trauma. Studies have found that inhibiting the Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway can reduce inflammatory cytokine production by microglia. In this study, Western blotting was conducted to detect ROCK2 expression after the SCI; the ROCK Activity Assay kit was used for assay of ROCK pathway activity; microglia morphology was examined using the CD11b antibody; electron microscopy was used to detect microglia phagocytosis; TUNEL was used to detect tissue cell apoptosis; myelin staining was performed using an antibody against myelin basic protein (MBP); behavioral outcomes were evaluated according to the methods of Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB). We observed an increase in ROCK activity and microglial activation after SCI. The microglia became larger and rounder and contained myelin-like substances. Furthermore, treatment with fasudil inhibited neuronal cells apoptosis, alleviated demyelination and the formation of cavities, and improved motor recovery. The experimental evidence reveals that the ROCK inhibitor fasudil can regulate microglial activation, promote cell phagocytosis, and improve the SCI microenvironment to promote SCI repair. Thus, fasudil may be useful for the treatment of SCI.
ABSTRACT
Emerging evidence indicates that microglia activation plays an important role in spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by trauma. Studies have found that inhibiting the Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway can reduce inflammatory cytokine production by microglia. In this study, Western blotting was conducted to detect ROCK2 expression after the SCI; the ROCK Activity Assay kit was used for assay of ROCK pathway activity; microglia morphology was examined using the CD11b antibody; electron microscopy was used to detect microglia phagocytosis; TUNEL was used to detect tissue cell apoptosis; myelin staining was performed using an antibody against myelin basic protein (MBP); behavioral outcomes were evaluated according to the methods of Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB). We observed an increase in ROCK activity and microglial activation after SCI. The microglia became larger and rounder and contained myelin-like substances. Furthermore, treatment with fasudil inhibited neuronal cells apoptosis, alleviated demyelination and the formation of cavities, and improved motor recovery. The experimental evidence reveals that the ROCK inhibitor fasudil can regulate microglial activation, promote cell phagocytosis, and improve the SCI microenvironment to promote SCI repair. Thus, fasudil may be useful for the treatment of SCI.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Apoptosis , Microglia , Metabolism , Myelin Basic Protein , Metabolism , Myelin Sheath , Metabolism , Phagocytosis , Protein Kinase Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spinal Cord Injuries , Drug Therapy , rho-Associated Kinases , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is a complex disease resulting from interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (IL-4-C590T, IL-4RA A1727G and IL-10-A627C) with WDEIA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SNP genotyping was conducted among the case subset composing 51 patients with WDEIA and four control subsets by sequencing DNA yielded from polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis of genotype/allele's frequencies between cases and controls were carried out through Fisher's exact test with the software of SPSS16.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For IL-4-C590T, there were statistically significant differences of genotype frequencies in case-control 1 (P = 0.03) and case-control 4 (P = 0.001) and statistically significant differences of allele frequencies in three case-control models (case-control 1: OR = 4.27 (95%CI = 1.40 - 13.07), P = 0.009; case-control 3: OR = 1.99 (95%CI = 1.13 - 3.50), P = 0.02; case-control 4: OR = 2.39 (95%CI = 1.49 - 3.84), P = 0.001). All other association studies showed no statistically significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IL-4-C590T may be related to the susceptibility of WDEIA, and the minor allele C might be a potential risk factor accounting for WDEIA. IL-4RA A1727G and IL-10-A627C might not be involved in the occurrence of WDEIA.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anaphylaxis , Genetics , Asian People , Genetics , Exercise , Physiology , Gene Frequency , Genetics , Genotype , Gliadin , Allergy and Immunology , Glutens , Allergy and Immunology , Immunoglobulin E , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Genetics , Triticum , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To verify the antagonistic effect of Bushen Tianjing Recipe (BTR) on environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) induced gonadal dysgenesis (GD) Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rat model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 70 3-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups, i.e., the control group (fed with corn oil), the model A group [di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP) 500 mg/kg], the CM A group (fed with DEHP 500 mg/kg + BTR 40 mL/kg), the exposed group B (fed with CYP 80 mg/kg), the CM B group (fed with CYP 80 mg/kg + BTR 40 mL/kg), the model C group [fed with DEHP 500 mg/kg + CYP 80 mL/kg], the CM C group (DEHP 500 mg/kg + CYP 80 mg/kg + BTR 40 mL/kg), respectively, 10 in each group. All were administered with corresponding medication by gastrogavage, once daily, for total 30 days. Rats were killed 24 h after the last administration, and their body weight and wet testis weight were weighed. The coefficient of testis was calculated. The serum testosterone (T) level was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The histopathologic tissue was prepared. The ultrastructural changes of genital cells were observed by electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, there was no statistical difference in the body weight increase among all groups (P > 0.05). The time of testicular descent and preputial separation were significantly delayed in each exposed group (P < 0.01). In the exposed group A and the exposed group C, the wet weight of the testes was reduced and serum T level decreased (P < 0.01). The coefficient of testis significantly decreased in the exposed group A (P < 0.01). Compared with corresponding model group, the time of testicular descent and preputial separation were significantly fore-laid in each corresponding CM group (P < 0.01). The weight of the testes, the coefficient of testis, and the serum T level increased in the CM A group (P < 0.01). The serum T level obviously increased in the CM B group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The GD rat model was successfully duplicated by using DEHP. EEDs were proved to have significant anti-androgen activities. BTR was verified to have significant antagonistic to its anti-androgen effect.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Diethylhexyl Phthalate , Toxicity , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Endocrine Disruptors , Toxicity , Gonadal Dysgenesis , Drug Therapy , Phytotherapy , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Testosterone , BloodABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) induced precocious puberty macaca fascicularis model, thus verifying the antagonism of yin nourishing fire purging Chinese materia medica (YNFPCMM) against the estrogenic effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) The female prepubescent monkeys at different months old were fed with high dose and low dose EEDs. By observing EEDs' estrogenic effects, the optimal age, the optimal exposure dose, and the optimal exposure time were determined. (2) Fifteen female prepubescent monkeys were randomly divided into the exposure group, the treatment group, and the control group, 5 in each group. Those in the exposure group were fed with EEDs such as nonylphenol (4-NP) and bisphenol A (BPA). Those in the treatment group were fed with EEDs and YNFPCMM. Those in the control group were fed with dissolvent such as corn oil. The therapeutic course was 4 weeks. By the end of the treatment, the serum estrogen level was measured and the maturation index of the vaginal keratinocytes was calculated. The uterus was extracted to measure the wet weight, the endometrial thickness, the ring-shaped myometrium thickness, the endometrial epithelial cells, and the glandular epithelium height.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Twenty month was the optimal exposure age. The low dose EEDs was the best exposure dose, and 4 weeks was the optimal exposure time. (2) Compared with the control group, the serum estrogen level obviously increased, the maturation index of the vaginal keratinocytes significantly increased, the wet uterus weight, the endometrial thickness, the ring-shaped myometrium thickness, the endometrial epithelial cells, and the glandular epithelium height significantly increased in the exposure group (P<0.05). Compared with the exposure group, the aforesaid indices significantly decreased in the treatment group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The EEDs induced precocious puberty macaca fascicularis model was successfully established in this study. The EEDs were proved to have estrogenic-like activities. YNFPC-MM was proved to have significant antagonism like estrogenic activities.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Disease Models, Animal , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Endocrine Disruptors , Macaca fascicularis , Puberty, Precocious , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Chinese herbs for nourishing Shen-yin and removing Xiang-fire (NYRF) on estrogen receptor (ER) expression in uterus and ovary of rats contaminated with nonylphenol (NP) or its bisphenol A (BPA) mixture, for exploring the action mechanism of NYRF in antagonizing the estrogen-mimetic activity of environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EEDs contaminated female SD rats, 3-week old, were divided into two groups, the treated group fed with NYRF and the control group with corn oil during the same period of contaminating for 15 days. The wet weight (WW) and organ coefficient (OC) of uterus in rats, as well as the ER protein and mRNA expressions in rat's uterus and ovary were detected and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared with normal range, WW and OC increased significantly in the contaminated rats of the control group, with significantly down-regulated ER protein expression in uterus, and expressions of ER alpha and ER beta gene and protein in ovary (P<0.05). While in the treated group, the above-mentioned abnormalities of various indicators were markedly reversed to a certain extent (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EEDs show estrogenic-mimetic action on productive organs, which could be antagonized by NYRF, resulting in the down-regulated mRNA and protein expressions of ER in reproductive organs, so as to reduce the sensibility of reproductive organs to EEDs, which is probably one of the acting mechanisms of NYRF.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Endocrine Disruptors , Toxicity , Ovary , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, Estrogen , Metabolism , Uterus , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of the hilar cholangiocarcinoma and explore the factors influencing the operative effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-three cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma performed operation from January 1998 to January 2008 were divided into two groups: Group I included cases treated from January 1998 to December 2002 (totally 22 cases); Group II included cases treated from January 2003 to January 2008 (totally 31 cases). Comparative study was carried out between these two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Surgical resection [radical resection (R(0)) + palliative resection (R(1))] rate in group I was lower than that in group II (40.9% vs. 71.0%, P = 0.029). Hepatic lobectomy rate in group I was lower than that in group II (30.0% vs. 64.5%, P = 0.016). The resection rate was positively correlated with the hepatic lobectomy rate (r = 0.985, P < 0.01). The median survival time of the patients underwent R(0) resection was longer than that in the patients underwent R(1) resection and palliative bile duct drainage [(27.0 +/- 4.5) months vs. (10.0 +/- 0.7) months vs. (4.0 +/- 0.5) months, respectively, P < 0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Early diagnosis and radical resection are important to improve the prognosis for patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. But for the patients could only receive palliative resection or with positive celiac trunk lymph nodes, combined liver lobe resection could not improve the survival.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bile Duct Neoplasms , General Surgery , Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic , Cholangiocarcinoma , General Surgery , Drainage , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatectomy , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The study is designed to synthesize nano-carrier Tyr-RGD (cyclo-[Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Tyr-Lys]) and poly(ethylene glycol) modified polyethylenimine (Tyr-RGD-PEG-PEI) targeting vascular endothelial cells, then analyze its nanoparticle properties and the characteristics of drug carrying and targeting properties in vivo / in vitro tumor. The nano-carrier Tyr-RGD-PEG-PEI was synthesized with the method of chemical synthesis and the properties of this nanoparticle and drug carrying characteristics were identified. Its effect of targeting vascular endothelial cells in vitro was studied with the method of competitive binding assay. The fluorescent labeled nano-drug was injected into tumor-bearing nude mice to observe its tumor-targeting. The mean size of nano-carrier Tyr-RGD-PEG-PE was about 145 nm, good in encapsulation efficiency of siRNA. After incubation in plasma for half an hour, only about 3 percent of siRNA out. It was confirmed that it was a single spot with TLC analysis, the R(f) value was 0.65. Receptor competition experiments showed that the nano could effectively compete with RGD in binding the receptors on endothelial cells. Tumor-bearing nude mice experiments showed that when containing a fluorescent-labeled siRNA of Tyr-RGD-PEG-PEI nano-drug was injected into mice, after 24 hours this nano-drug mainly distributed within the tumor tissue. However, nano-drug without Tyr-RGD appeared in tumor tissue as well as other organs such as livers, lungs, etc. The Tyr-RGD-targeted gene vector Tyr-RGD-PEG-PEI synthesized in this study has good nanoparticle properties and high efficiency of gene-drug encapsulation. Study of nude mice shows that the ability of its tumor-targeting is significantly better than nano-drug without Tyr-RGD.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Endothelial Cells , Metabolism , Gene Transfer Techniques , Genetic Vectors , Integrins , Mice, Nude , Nanoparticles , Oligopeptides , Pharmacology , RNA, Small InterferingABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Chinese herbs for nourishing yin and removing fire (NYRF) on gene expressions of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the epiphyseal growth plate of the female pubertal rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rats were randomly divided into the control group and the intervened group. Immunohistochemistry and realtime-PCR methods were used to measure the gene expression of ER alpha, IGF-1R and EGFR and their protein synthesis in epiphyseal growth plate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After being intervened with NYRF, the gene expressions of ER alpha and IGF-1R were down-regulated and their protein synthesis markedly reduced, while those of EGFR were unchanged.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NYRF can modulate the development and maturation of bone by regulating the expressions of ER alpha and IGF-1R in the epiphyseal growth plate.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Estrogen Receptor alpha , Genetics , Metabolism , Gene Expression , Growth Plate , Metabolism , Protein Biosynthesis , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , ErbB Receptors , Genetics , Metabolism , Receptor, IGF Type 1 , Genetics , Metabolism , Yin-YangABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) in causing the precocious puberty.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The blood samples were collected from 79 cases of precocious puberty patients and 42 cases of normal children. The concentrations of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), 1, 1-dichloro-2, 2, bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p, p'-DDE) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in blood serum samples were measured by using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The volume of uterus and ovary, the bone density, and the content of estradiol (E(2)) in serum were determined at the same time. The contents of EEDs in blood serums of precocious puberty and the indices of the target organs were analyzed by using of correlation and regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In normal control group, p, p'-DDE was detected in all the blood samples (14.93 - 40.39 ng/ml), but 4-NP and DEHP were detected in some samples (ND -6.77 ng/ml, ND -17.61 ng/ml). The levels of 4-NP, p, p'-DDE and DEHP in blood serum in precocious puberty group were notably increased than that in control group (P < 0.01). In precocious puberty group, there was a positive correlations between the 4-NP in volume of uterus and the volume of ovary and the density of bone (r = 0.394, 0.286, 0.237, P < 0.01); p, p'-DDE and volume of uterus also showed a the positive correlation (r = 0.306, P < 0.01). The influencing extent of 4-NP was 1.3 times to that of the p, p'-DDE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The normal children and the children with precocious puberty should be all contaminated by EEDs, and the later be exposured to more EEDs. There might exist a close relationship between EEDs and the precocious puberty, and EEDs should be an important factor in causing the disease. Different kinds of EEDs might have different influencing extents to the target organs.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Case-Control Studies , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene , Blood , Endocrine Disruptors , Blood , Polychlorinated Biphenyls , Blood , Puberty, Precocious , BloodABSTRACT
The imbalance of Shen-yin and Shen-yang is a common pathological basis of sexual precocity and senescence. Senescence can be regarded as physiological Shen-deficiency, which is mainly the deficiency of Shen-Yang, while the essence of sexual precocity is hyperactivity of Fire due to Yin-deficiency, and deficiency of Shen-Yin is the predominance in the imbalance. The process of growth, development, maturing and aging led by Shen-qi, is mainly involving the hypothalamus-pituitary-growth hormone axis and sexual gland axis. Early initiation of these two axes appears in sexual premature children, manifesting syndrome of Fire hyperactivity due to Yin-deficiency, while in senescence, the decline of the axes appears ahead of time and manifests syndrome of Yang qi consumption. It has been shown in experimental and clinical researches that significantly good effects could be obtained by applying Chinese recipe for warmly reinforcing Shen-Yang to postpone senescence and recipe for nourishing Yin and removing Fire to inhibit sexual precocity. It also been proved by determining syndrome and speculating the damaged site according to the effects of drug that the pathologic damage of sexual precocity and senescence is sited on the hypothalamus or higher center.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Aging , Physiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System , Hypothalamus , Kidney Diseases , Drug Therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Phytotherapy , Puberty, Precocious , Drug Therapy , Yang Deficiency , Drug Therapy , Yin Deficiency , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the pattern of abnormal skeletal development in girls with idiopathic precocious puberty (IPP) and the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbs for nourishing yin and purging fire (CH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Measurement of bone age, bone mineral content (BMC) and bone density (BD) were performed and levels of serum gla-protein (BGP), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were determined in girls with IPP at various stages of pubertal development. Data were compared with those collected from matched girls, and the correlativity between various parameters and the extent of the disease were analyzed to explore the pattern. Thirty-eight girls out of them were treated with CH and the therapeutic effect was observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bone age of the IPP girls was ahead of time obviously (P < 0.05), levels of BMC, BD and serum BGP, IGF-1 were significantly higher than the levels in the healthy girls of matched age (P < 0.05). And the degree of these changes were markedly positive correlated with the severity of disease (P < 0.05). After being remitted with CH treatment, the advanced bone age was apparently alleviated, and above-mentioned abnormal criteria were lowered significantly (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The skeletal development of the girls with IPP was accelerated and the skeletal maturity were ahead of time, the more serious the condition of disease, the more obvious the acceleration and the advanced bone age. CH could decelerate skeletal development and delay the skeletal maturity of IPP patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Age Determination by Skeleton , Bone Development , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Metabolism , Osteocalcin , Blood , Phytotherapy , Puberty, Precocious , Blood , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
Objective To quantitate platelet GPIIb/IIIa occupancy and to evaluate the performance of the method, and investigate GPIIb/IIIa occupancy for the patients with leukemia.Methods GPIIb/IIIa occupancy was quantified by flow cytometry (FCM) and the method was evaluated according to guidelines published by NCCLS and ICSH; meanwhile,GPIIb/IIIa occupancy for 13 healthy donors and 16 patients with acute leukemia was investigated.Results The results demonstrated coefficients of variation (CV) for within-batch, between-batch and overall imprecision were
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the image quality of T grain green sensitive film (TML-1) and Lanex Gd(2)O(2)S rare earth intensifying screen with that of XK-1 blue sensitive film and calcium tungstate (CaWO(4)) intensifying screen, and to study the application of T grain technic to the diagnosis of lung diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>160 coal miners were randomly selected to take both TML-1 and XK-1 chest film of high kV radiographs at the same time. Silver halide granule, fluorescence of intensifying screen, radiographic parameters, the density at different points in the lung and chest radiographs were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Silver grains in TML-1 film were more homogeneous in distribution than in XK-1 film. Luminous intensity of Lanex Gd(2)O(2)S rare earth intensifying screen was brighter than CaWO(4) intensifying screen in the same exposure. The exposure doses of TML-1 film was reduced to one third of XK-1 film. The density of chest radiographs was 0.24 to 2.74 in TML-1 film, and 0.30 to 2.60 in XK-1 film. There were greater exposure latitude and more informations in TML-1 film. By apertured-disc observation, the fine structure of lung in TML-1 film was clearer than in XK-1 film, the shape was more concrete and reliable, visualizability was stronger.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>T grain technique may obviously improve the clearness and resolution of image, and enhance the transmission of information, as well as increase the diagnostic informations.</p>