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Objective:To explore the relationship between emotional trauma and depressive symptoms.Methods:In November 2021, a total of 1 650 university students were assessed using scales including childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), distress tolerance scale (DTS), rumination response scale (RRS) and the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS). SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data with Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test and mediation analysis. Results:The differences of DTS, RRS and DASS were significant between high and low trauma group(all P<0.01). Emotional trauma (16.70(6.09)) was negatively correlated with distress tolerance(10.95(2.15)) ( r=-0.26, P<0.01), and positively correlated with rumination(39.51(10.74)) and depression(4.93(5.76)) ( r=0.31, 0.38, both P<0.01). The testing of mediating effect indicated that emotional trauma had direct effect ( β=0.20, P<0.001) and indirect effect on depression through distress tolerance and rumination. Conclusion:Emotional trauma, distress tolerance and rumination are important factors influencing depression, and it could provide guidance for undergraduate psychological intervention of depression.
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Objective:To explore the mediating effect of alexithymia and moderating effect of life events in the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was designed to investigate 2 592 freshmen in Southern Medical University by using a series of questionnaires, including the childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), Toronto alexithymia scale(TAS), adolescent self-rating life events checklist(ASLEC), Chinese version of Beck depression inventory-Ⅱ(BDI-Ⅱ). The mediating effect of alexithymia and the moderating effect of life events were examined using SPSS 19.0 macro program PROCESS 2.13.Results:(1) The prevalences of depressive symptoms and childhood trauma were 11.34% and 14.80% in college students.(2) The total score of CTQ (34.25±8.01) was significantly positively correlated with the total score of TAS (48.82±10.72) ( r=0.38, P<0.01), the total score of ASLEC (36.91±9.74) was significantly positively correlated with the score of BDI-Ⅱ 3.00(6.00) ( r=0.53, P<0.01), and the total score of TAS was significantly positively correlated with the score of BDI-Ⅱ ( r=0.49, P<0.01). (3) Alexithymia mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms.The direct effect (effects size=0.25) and the mediating effect (effects size=0.12) accounted for 67.57% and 32.43% of the total effect (effects size=0.37), respectively.(4) Health adaptation, punishment and learning pressure events moderated the path between alexithymia and depressive symptoms. Conclusion:Childhood trauma affects depressive symptoms through the mediating role of alexithymia and the moderating role of life events in freshmen.
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Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of dark plum mixture on rats with radiation-induced xerostomia, given by gastric gavage and oral spray. Methods Rat model of radiation-induced xerostomia were developed by electron linear accelerator. Wistar rats were randomly divided into spray group and gastric gavage group, and normal group, positive control group and normal control group were set up within these two groups. The dark plum mixture was administered for 14 days. After treated for 7 days and 14 days, saliva was collected and submandibular gland samples were collected. The salivary secretion, Sorgan index, component analysis and pathological changes of submaxillary glands between the groups were assessed. Results On the 7thday after irradiation, the saliva secretion and gland coefficient of the dark plum spray group were significantly higher than the positive control group and normal control group (P＜ 0. 05). The saliva secretion, gland coefficient and saliva amylase activity of the dark plum mixture spray group were significantly higher than the dark plum mixture gastric gavage group (P＜ 0. 05). On the 14th day after irradiation, the saliva secretion and gland coefficient of the oral spray group were significantly higher than the gastric gavage group (P ＜ 0. 05 ). The pathological examination of submandibular gland tissues showed that 7 days after irradiation, there were less interglandular space and inflammatory cell infiltration in the oral spray group than the gastric gavage group. On the 14th day after irradiation, the ductal damage and cell nuclear pyknosis in the oral spray group were milder than the gastric gavage group. Vacuolated necrosis and nuclear pyknosis of some glandular cells were visible in the gastric gavage group 7 and 14 days after irradiation. Conclusions Compared with gastric gavage, the oral spray of dark plum mixture increases more saliva and salivary α-amylase secretion, effectively promote the repair of submandibular glandular cells after salivary gland irradiation, and indicates a better therapeutic effect on radiation-induced xerostomia.
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Objective To explore the clinical effect of salt-hot compress based on the theory of“Maiweiji”on mechanical phlebitis after PICC catheterization. Methods According to random number table, 202 patients after PICC catheterization were divided into the control group including 100 cases and the experimental group including 102 cases. The study were divided into the prevention stage and the treatment stage. In the prevention stage, the control group were given routine nursing while the experimental group were received routine nursing plus salt-hot compress. In the treatment stage, all the patients in mechanical phlebitis after the prevention stage were randomly divided into the group of salt-hot and the group of wet-hot by lottery, meanwhile, the group of salt-hot were given salt-hot compress, the group of wet-hot were received wet-hot compress. Results In the prevention stage, the mechanical phlebitis rate of the experimental group was 8.82%(9/102), and it was 21%(21/100) in the control group, the difference had statistically significant (Z=-2.28, P 0.05). Conclusions Salt-hot compress has the positive effect of preventing mechanical phlebitis. Besides, the therapeutic effect on mechanical phlebitis between the group of salt-hot and the group of wet-hot is about the same. Because of the simple operation, bargain price, being not contaminated clothing, salt-hot compress is more advantage.
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Objective To systematically review the clinical effectiveness of Chinese medicine in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with radioactive xerostomia. Methods The randomized or semi-randomized controlled trials of the Chinese medicine for nasopharyngeal carcinoam patients with radioactive xerostomia were screened out by online retrieving and manual retrieving of domestic and oversea databases such as Cochrane Library, JBI Library, PubMed, OVID, EMBase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, CBM Database. The data extract and quality assessment were performed by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis was conducted for the included trials. Results Eight trials were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that Chinese medicine can effectively delay the progress of oral mucous membrane ulcer in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy, and decrease the incidence of grade 3-4 oral mucous membrane ulcer ( Z=4.86, P<0.00001) . Conclusion Chinese medicine has certain effect in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with radioactive xerostomia.
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Objective To construct the core competence index system of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities.Methods The Delphi method was used to investigate 30 nursing experts and consult about core competence that nursing postgraduates of TCM colleges and universities should have.Results The effective recovery rates of questionnaire were respectively 85.7％ and 86.7％.The authority coefficients were 0.86 and 0.84,and the consistency coefficients were 0.278 and 0.253 with statistical significance.Index system for core competence with 4 first-grade indexes and 20 second-grade indexes was formed.The full score ratio of first-class indexes was 0.96-1.00,coefficients variation was 0.10-0.13; for the second-class,the full score rate was 0.62-1.00,coefficient variation was 0.08-0.19.Conclusions For formation items of core competence index system of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities,the opinions of experts are centralized,which can provide reference for training program of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities.
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<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>The extent of lymph nodes (LNs) metastasis is a major determinant for the staging and the most reliable adverse prognostic factor. Primary tumours can induce lymphatics and vasculature reorganisations within sentinel LN before the arrival of cancer cells and these key blood vessels are identified as high endothelial venules (HEV). The alterations of HEV in the presence of cancer, coupled with the increased proliferation rate of the endothelial cells, results in a functional shift of HEV from immune response mediator to blood flow carrier. We aim to evaluate tumour-induced vascularisation in regional LN of cancer patients by studying the morphological and functional alterations of HEV and its correlation to clinico-pathological features.</p><p><b>MATERIALS AND METHODS</b>This multi-centre study with a prospective database identified 65 consecutive patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent primary surgical treatment from 2001 to 2005. Immunohistochemical staining for HEV and image analysis were performed and analysed with correlation to the patients' clinico-pathological features.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total number of HEV is significantly associated to disease-free interval when controlling for the group (P = 0.022) as well as combining both groups as one cohort (P = 0.023). There is also a similar association comparing the HEV parameters to overall survival.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results suggest that HEV possibly plays a key role in the pathogenesis of lymphatic and subsequent distant metastases and may provide the missing link in cancer metastasis. Confirmation of this hypothesis would offer a novel therapeutic approach to preventing metastasis by blocking the remodeling processes of HEV in LN.</p>