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ABSTRACT Introduction: The motor function of the lower limbs is of great importance for the recovery of hemiplegics post stroke. Objective: Study the influence of nursing during motor rehabilitation on the recovery of lower limb motor function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke. Methods: In this study, the 28 patients were treated with nursing intervention for motor rehabilitation in the experimental group, while the control group was treated only with a conventional rehabilitation program, and the results were compared before and after the experiment. Results: After eight weeks of the experiment, the FMA-LE scale score in the experimental group increased from 19.65 to 30.51; the TUGT assessment score increased from 38.45s to 28.61s; the FAC rating test was upgraded from 1.86 to 2.98. The maximum weight percentage on the hemiplegic side increased from 27.54±10.14% to 79.51±7.52%; the fastest 5m return speed increased from 0.22±0.03m/s to 0.54±0.07m/s. The improvement effect was less evident in the control group. Conclusion: Rehabilitation nursing promotes a positive effect on improving lower limb motor function in hemiplegic patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: A função motora dos membros inferiores é de grande importância para a recuperação de hemiplégicos pós-acidente vascular encefálico. Objetivo: Estudar a influência da enfermagem durante a reabilitação motora na recuperação da função motora dos membros inferiores em pacientes com hemiplegia após o acidente vascular encefálico. Métodos: Neste estudo, os 28 pacientes foram tratados com intervenção de enfermagem para reabilitação motora no grupo experimental, enquanto o grupo controle foi tratado apenas com um programa de reabilitação convencional, sendo que os resultados foram comparados antes e depois do experimento. Resultados: Após 8 semanas do experimento, a pontuação da escala FMA-LE no grupo experimental aumentou de 19,65 para 30,51; a pontuação da avaliação TUGT aumentou de 38,45s para 28,61s; o teste de classificação FAC foi atualizado de 1,86 para 2,98. A porcentagem máxima de peso do lado hemiplégico passou de 27,54±10,14% para 79,51±7,52%; a velocidade de retorno mais rápida de 5m passou de 0,22±0,03m/s para 0,54±0,07m/s. O efeito de melhoria foi menos evidente no grupo controle. Conclusão: O trabalho de enfermagem de reabilitação tem um efeito positivo na melhoria da função motora dos membros inferiores em pacientes com hemiplegia. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: La función motora de los miembros inferiores es de gran importancia para la recuperación de los hemipléjicos post ictus. Objetivo: Estudiar la influencia de la enfermería durante la rehabilitación motora en la recuperación de la función motora de los miembros inferiores en pacientes con hemiplejia post ictus. Métodos: En este estudio, los 28 pacientes fueron tratados con intervención de enfermería para la rehabilitación motora en el grupo experimental, mientras que el grupo de control fue tratado sólo con un programa de rehabilitación convencional, y se compararon los resultados antes y después del experimento. Resultados: Tras 8 semanas de experimento, la puntuación de la escala FMA-LE en el grupo experimental aumentó de 19,65 a 30,51; la puntuación de la evaluación TUGT aumentó de 38,45s a 28,61s; la prueba de valoración FAC se mejoró de 1,86 a 2,98. El porcentaje de peso máximo en el lado hemipléjico aumentó de 27,54±10,14% a 79,51±7,52%; la velocidad de retorno más rápida de 5m aumentó de 0,22±0,03m/s a 0,54±0,07m/s. El efecto de mejora fue menos evidente en el grupo de control. Conclusión: El trabajo de enfermería de rehabilitación tiene un efecto positivo en la mejora de la función motora de las extremidades inferiores en pacientes con hemiplejia. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of blue labeled genic male sterility (BM-type GMS) and utilize the heterosis of BM-type GMS, we used the anthers of white-seed plants WS (sterile) and light blue seed plants WF (normal fertility) as experimental materials to analyze the differences in gene expression between them by transcriptome technology. And we also verified the genes expressed in anthocyanin synthesis in this study. Compared with WF, a total of 2352 differentially expressed genes were detected in WS. According to GO functional annotation, these genes could be divided into 3 categories and 43 subgroups. They are mainly involved in biosynthesis, phenylpropane metabolism, L-phenylalanine catabolism, membrane components, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ATP binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, etc. KEGG pathway analysis showed that there were 159 genes enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, followed by the phenylalanine pathway, including 136 differentially expressed genes. Other genes are also involved a variety of amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and sugar metabolism pathway. Related to anthocyanin metabolism, several structural genes of key enzymes were differentially expressed, and most of them were up-regulated in WF, while only Flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) and colorless anthocyanin dioxygenase (ANS) were down-regulated. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression of 10 genes related to anthocyanin metabolism had the same trend as that in transcriptome sequencing data. Sequence homology analysis showed that the two selected transcription factors (DN48762c2g1 and DN25944c0g1) are clustered into the same cluster as the transcription factors regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in maize, rice and Arabidopsis thaliana, which might be candidate genes for the blue aleurone layer of light blue seed plants in wheat. And fluorescence quantitative analysis showed that the expression level of DN48762c2g1 and DN25944c0g1 in WF was significantly higher than that in WS. In conclusion, the genes related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway are not only related to the blue grain trait, but also may be involved in the anther abortion of BM-type GMS.
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Aim To explore changes of gut microbiota in experimental model rats with hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment. Methods The experimental rats were provided with a diet containing 2% W/W uric acid (UA) and 2% W/W oxonic acid for period ranging from 1 day to 12 weeks. Morris water maze, blood biochemical indexes and other auxiliary models were used to evaluate the experimental animal model. Changes of gut microbiota were studied by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Results Compared with control group, the amount of UA of rats was significantly elevated. In addition, the rats showed significantly reduced spatial learning and memory in an escape latency and probe trial. The diversity of gut microbiota in model rats changed, and the relative abundances of 14 species of gut microbiota changed markedly. The abundance of Butyrivibrio, Erysipelotrichia, Erysipelotrichales, Erysipelotrichaceae, Erysipelatoclostridium, Lachnoclostridium 5, Anaeroplasmatales, Anaeroplasmataceae and Anaeroplasma in model mice increased, while that of Dorea, RuminococcaceaeUCG_005, Butyricicoccus, Tyzzerella 3 and Parasutterella decreased. Conclusions The continuous increase of UA can regulate gut microbiota, and the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the development of mild cognitive impairment, which may be one of the mechanisms of hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment.
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Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people, in which the pathogenic factors are not yet clear. Genetics, dietary habits, environmental toxins, immunological abnormalities, inflammation and oxidative stress response, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunctions which caused by a variety of physiological and biogenic changes are likely to exacerbate the occurrence of Parkinson's disease. In recent years, studies have shown that the activity of microglia is closely related to Parkinson's disease, and that the active microglia can promote the release of inflammatory factors, while the differentiation of dopamine neurons in the substantial nigra of midbrain area is also closely related to Parkinson's disease. As a histone H3K27me3 demethylase, JMJD3 is involved and affects the activity of microglia, which can regulate the polarization of microglia as well and affect the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the mesencephalon. This provides new methods and strategies for treating Parkinson' s disease. This paper summarizes the structure and function of JMJD3, as well as its role in neuro-inflammation mediated by microglia and its effect on neurons, and explores the functions and related research progress of JMJD3 in Parkinson's disease.
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Objective: To determine the differentially expressed genes between patients with coronary slow flow (SCF) and healthy controls, as well as to define the signal pathways and protein interactions related to the pathogenesis of the disease. Methods: A total of 43 hospitalized SCF patients in the year of 2018 and 43 healthy subjects, who underwent health checkup in the same year, were enrolled in this study. General data were obtained, blood samples were collected to determine the related indicators of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and kidney metabolism. RNA was extracted from blood monocytes, and the differential gene expression profiles were investigated by RNA-Seq. GO function annotation, KEGG pathway enrichment, protein interaction network analysis (PPI) and phenotype analysis were performed. The levels of related cytokines were detected by ELISA, and qPCR was used to verify differentially expressed genes of the two groups. Results: In the SCF group, there were 27 (62.79%) males and 16 females (37.21%), the average age was (54.3±8.8) years. In the control group, there were 29 males (67.44%) and 14 females (31.56%), the average age was (57.2±8.3) years. The percent of smoking history, abnormal fasting blood glucose, abnormal blood lipid levels and body mass index were significantly higher in the SCF group than in the control group (all P<0.01). There were 117 differentially expressed genes between SCF patients and healthy controls, of which 73 were up-regulated and 44 were down-regulated. Biological function analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that these genes were mainly related to antigen processing and presentation, cell phagocytosis, immunoglobulin, intestinal immune network, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation and Th17 cell differentiation pathways. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were significantly higher in SCF patients than in healthy controls (all P<0.05). Among the top 12 genes with the most significant differences between the two groups, qPCR analysis indicated consistent results with the transcriptome results in 11 out of 12 genes. PPI analysis showed that FPR2 and THBS3 proteins were at the core of the entire protein interaction network. Conclusion: Genes such as FPR2 and THBS3 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of SCF through immune-related pathways such as antigen processing and presentation and Th17 cell differentiation.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Disease/genetics , Cytokines , Gene Expression Profiling , Signal Transduction , Th17 Cells , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the major active components and potential molecular mechanism of Qiwei Tongbi Oral Liquid in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: After protein targets related with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were collected by mining literature, DrugBank, TTD and OMIM database, the potentional protein targets based on molecular docking were projected into KEGG databases to illustrate the molecular mechanism of Qiwei Tongbi Oral Liquid. Then RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS were employed to test the predict results. Results: Data analysis showed that 107 potential components acted on 116 RA related targets and 237 pathways. Herb-compound-target-pathway network analysis showed that triterpenoid, flavonoids, sterols and alkaloids isolated from Qiwei Tongbi Oral Liquid were the main active ingredients. These compounds could interact with a group of targets and pathways that might participate in anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immune regulation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of synovial fibroblasts, osteoclast differentiation, migration and bone resorption. Some compounds against anti-inflammatory activity were verified by in vitro. Conclusion: The active components of Qiwei Tongbi Oral Liquid could regulate multiple biological pathways by acting with multiple target proteins, playing a role in reducing inflammation and swelling of joints, preventing and reducing the destruction of joint bones, and promoting the repair of damaged joint bones. The research results not only reveal its molecular mechanism and pharmacodynamic components, but also provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent experimental research of Qiwei Tongbi Oral Liquid.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of P-GEMOX (pegaspargase, gemcitabine and oxaliplatin) as a first-line regimen for the treatment of primary extranasal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL).Methods:The clinical manifestations, treatment response and prognosis of 7 patients with primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL who underwent P-GEMOX chemotherapy as a first-line therapy in Shenzhen People's Hospital from September 2015 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The median age of 7 patients with primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL was 41 years old (27-74 years old), which was more commonly found in males (6 cases); the primary and invading extranasal sites included ileocecal, lymph nodes, skin, testis, adrenal gland, central nervous system, etc. The P-GEMOX regimen was used as a first-line therapy, although some patients had a short-term effect, all patients eventually progressed rapidly and died. The overall survival time was 2 weeks to 21 months.Conclusion:The short-term efficacy of P-GEMOX as a first-line therapy for the treatment of primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL is acceptable, but the long-term efficacy is poor.
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Osteoporosis is a systematic bone disease,characterized by deterioration in bone mass or micro-architecture,and increasing risk of fragility and fractures. With the development of aging problems,osteoporosis has been a global health problem. At present,due to the undesirable side effects of synthetic osteoporosis inhibitors,more efforts are made in treatment of osteoporosis by traditional Chinese medicine and its prescriptions. Epimedii Folium,one of the most common herbs for osteoporosis,has attracted great attentions worldwide.In this study,network pharmacology was employed to analyze the active components and potential molecular mechanism of Epimedii Folium on osteoporosis. Component-target network analysis showed that those with higher molecular network degree were flavonoids,with estrogen-like activity,antioxidation and free radical-scavenging activities,playing certain roles in preventing and treating osteoporosis. On the other hand,the targets with high degree were mostly related with sex hormone,osteoclast differentiation,bone matrix degradation,and reactive oxygen species in drug-target network. Multiple components of Epimedii Folium could be interacted with these targets. This study shows that Epimedium could prevent and treat osteoporosis through multiple active ingredients acting on multiple targets.
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Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Epimedium/chemistry , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Osteoporosis/drug therapy , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistryABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the incidence, risk factors and survival of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in patients who had undergone haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) . Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 444 consecutive patients who underwent haplo-HSCT and survived at least 100 days after transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 2013 and December 2015. Results: By the end of follow-up on January 1, 2018, 25 patients (5.63%) had BOS (BOS group) . The median onset time of BOS was 448 (165-845) d post transplantation, the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year cumulative incidence of BOS was 1.6% (95%CI 1.5%-1.6%) , 4.8% (95%CI 4.7%-4.8%) and 5.8% (95%CI 5.7%-5.8%) , respectively. Among patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) , the cumulative incidence at the same intervals was 2.8% (95%CI 2.7%-2.8%) , 9.5% (95%CI 9.4%-9.5%) and 11.5% (95%CI 11.4%-11.6%) , respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors for BOS were high-risk primary disease, Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and preceding cGVHD with other organs. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was lower among patients with than those without BOS, but the difference was not significant [71.8% (95%CI 53.9%-89.6%) vs 72.4% (95%CI 68.1%-76.7%) , P=0.400]. Overall 1-year, 3-year survival of patients with BOS from the time of diagnosis was 78.4% (95%CI 61.5%-95.3%) and 37.0% (95%CI 2.5%-71.5%) , respectively, significantly less than those without (93.9% and 89.3%, from day 448 after transplantation, respectively, P<0.001) . Furthermore, we found a significantly higher incidence of transplantation-related mortality (TRM) in patients with compared with patients without BOS (28.2% vs 10.9%, P<0.001) . The main risk factor for OS of BOS patients was the severity of pulmonary impairment at the time of diagnosis. Patients who developed severe BOS had a worse OS than those with moderate and mild BOS (P=0.049) . Conclusion: BOS is a severe pulmonary complication of haplo-HSCT. High-risk primary disease, Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and preceding cGVHD were independent risk factors for BOS. Patients who developed BOS had a worse OS than those without BOS. The main risk factor for OS of BOS patients was the severity of pulmonary impairment.
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Humans , Bronchiolitis Obliterans/etiology , Graft vs Host Disease , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Lung , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the pharmacological basis and molecular mechanism of Sanjie Zhentong capsule in the treatment of endometriosis, adenomyosis, secondary dysmenorrhea. Method: The 6 compounds of Sanjie Zhentong capsule showed stronger interactions with 87 proteins relating to endometriosis, adenomyosis, and secondary dysmenorrhea in molecular docking. Then the drug-target network was selected, and the network features were analyzed. Result: The molecular docking and network characteristics revealed 5 main active molecules and 23 potential targets of Sanjie Zhentong capsule. Conclusion: The main active ingredients of Sanjie Zhentong capsule have a trong inhibition effect on endometrial angiogenesis and blood circulation, uterine smooth muscle contraction, immune inflammatory reaction and estrogen secretion by acting on the targets of inflammation, cell invasion, metastasis, coagulation system, smooth muscle contraction and neurohormone regulation, so as to treat endometriosis, adenomyosis and secondary dysmenorrhea.
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Objective@#To investigate the incidence, risk factors and survival of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in patients who had undergone haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) .@*Methods@#This study retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 444 consecutive patients who underwent haplo-HSCT and survived at least 100 days after transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 2013 and December 2015.@*Results@#By the end of follow-up on January 1, 2018, 25 patients (5.63%) had BOS (BOS group) . The median onset time of BOS was 448 (165-845) d post transplantation, the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year cumulative incidence of BOS was 1.6% (95%CI 1.5%-1.6%) , 4.8% (95%CI 4.7%-4.8%) and 5.8% (95%CI 5.7%-5.8%) , respectively. Among patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) , the cumulative incidence at the same intervals was 2.8% (95%CI 2.7%-2.8%) , 9.5% (95%CI 9.4%-9.5%) and 11.5% (95%CI 11.4%-11.6%) , respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors for BOS were high-risk primary disease, Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and preceding cGVHD with other organs. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was lower among patients with than those without BOS, but the difference was not significant [71.8% (95%CI 53.9%-89.6%) vs 72.4% (95%CI 68.1%-76.7%) , P=0.400]. Overall 1-year, 3-year survival of patients with BOS from the time of diagnosis was 78.4% (95%CI 61.5%-95.3%) and 37.0% (95%CI 2.5%-71.5%) , respectively, significantly less than those without (93.9% and 89.3%, from day 448 after transplantation, respectively, P<0.001) . Furthermore, we found a significantly higher incidence of transplantation-related mortality (TRM) in patients with compared with patients without BOS (28.2% vs 10.9%, P<0.001) . The main risk factor for OS of BOS patients was the severity of pulmonary impairment at the time of diagnosis. Patients who developed severe BOS had a worse OS than those with moderate and mild BOS (P=0.049) .@*Conclusion@#BOS is a severe pulmonary complication of haplo-HSCT. High-risk primary disease, Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and preceding cGVHD were independent risk factors for BOS. Patients who developed BOS had a worse OS than those without BOS. The main risk factor for OS of BOS patients was the severity of pulmonary impairment.
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Objective To compare the differences of neck injury risks for different mummies during arrested landing on naval vessels. Methods Based on the established dynamic model of dummy-belt-seat systems and mechanical model of head-neck, with the acceleration curve at seat base during typical arrested landing reported in the literature as the input, numerical simulation was conducted to test the validity of the model, and the axial force, shear force， bending moment of typical joints in dummy neck during arrested landing were obtained. Results The injury index Nkm of 95 percentile dummy was higher than that of 5 percentile dummy. The injury index Nij of the dummy’s upper and lower cervical spine was smaller than 0.2, meanwhile the Nkm was around 0.65. Conclusions During arrested landing, human neck was much easier to get hurt due to the shear force. The research findings can provide data support for evaluating neck injury risks of pilots with different sizes during typical arrested landing process.
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AIM To explore analgesic mechanism of Yaobitong Capsules (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Corydalis Rhizoma,etc.) on lumbar intervertebral discs.METHODS An array of data mining,molecular docking and network analysis were employed to investigate the active compounds and key target protein.RESULTS Among the forty-six active hits identified by virtual screening,most compounds displayed good oral bioavailability and might confer an optimal CNS exposure.And eleven molecules (coptisine,diligustilide,corypalmine,chuanxiongterpene,etc.) were further confirmed to alleviate lumbar intervertebral discs through their targeting at nineteen proteins (such as p38,CGRP,MMPs,TNFα) to inhibit the inflammatory response and the infiltration of microvasculature,to reduce the nociceptors sensitivity,and to modulate the balance of Collagen and proteoglycans in catabolic and anabolic responses.CONCLUSION Yaobitong Capsules' clear molecular working mechanism and the key active compounds are revealed by this network-assisted investigation highlight the subsequent experiments on targets and active compounds.
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Objective@#To summarize the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of patients with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) .@*Methods@#The clinical data of 7 patients with EBV encephalitis who had undergone allo-HSCT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2012 to December 2015 were reviewed.@*Results@#The incidence of EBV encephalitis was 0.70% (7/998) , and the median time was 63 (10-136) d after allo-HSCT. Seven patients had fever and mental disorder, of whom 4 cases of brain MRI were positive. Two patients received HLA-matched unrelated transplantation, while other 5 ones received haploidentical allo-HSCT. In conditioning regimen process, 7 patients were combined with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) to prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) , of whom 6 patients had grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD. All patients of EBV-DNA were negative in CSF after taking anti-virus agent Rituximab. Until the last follow-up, a total of 3 patients died, 2 died of leukemia recurrence, 1 EBV encephalitis progression.@*Conclusion@#Once suspected EBV encephalitis after allo-HSCT, brain MRI and EBV-DNA in CSF should be detected, which could improve early diagnosis of EBV encephalitis. The usage of Rituximab was effective and well tolerated.
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To investigate the effects of ginkgolide A (GA), ginkgolide B (GB) and ginkgolide K (GK) on platelet aggregation in rabbits, and compare the similarities and differences among these three components. The effects of different doses of ginkgolide A, B and K on platelet aggregation induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) were observed by using in vitro experiment. The results showed that three compounds could inhibit platelet aggregation induced by PAF in vitro, and the intensity was GK> GB> GA. It was further found that all of them can mobilize [Ca2+]i and enhance intracellular c-AMP level in a dose-dependent manner, which was consistent to the ability to antagonize PAF receptor. These findings indicated that GK was highly selective for PAF receptor, and may inhibit platelet aggregation by activating cAMP signaling pathway and inhibiting intracellular [Ca2+]i mobilization; GB and GA also had strong antagonism to PAF receptor, but the effect was weaker than that of GK.
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The left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was made by inserting the nylon thread plug into the internal carotid artery. The behavioral score, cerebral infarction area, brain water content, ethidium bromide (EB) spillover, coagulation four indices, occludin and MMP-9 expression in brain tissues were detected after 14 days of administration, to investigate whether the protective effect of ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection (GDLMI) which had obvious protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury in the previous experiment was related to reducing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reducing the risk of bleeding, and to explore its possible mechanism of action. The results showed that GDLMI could effectively alleviate the behavioral changes caused by MCAO at 24 h, reduce the behavioral score, improve the edema of brain tissue, reduce the EB overflow rate, reduce the bleeding tendency caused by long-term administration, significantly reduce the occlusion deficiency in ischemic brain tissue of model rats, and down-regulate MMP-9 expression. The above results indicate that GDLMI has obvious effect on cerebral ischemia, and the therapeutic effect of GDLMI may mainly depend on lowering the permeability of blood-brain barrier to improve brain edema.
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The present study was to investigate the effects of visfatin on the morphological structure and function of the rat uterus during inflammation. The expression and distribution of visfatin, morphological structure, eosinophils (EOS), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cytokines in the uterus of the LPS-induced rat were studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), immunohistochemical methods, western blots and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The present study showed that visfatin positive cells dispersed widely in the uterus, and strong positive staining was observed mainly in the cell cytoplasm. Compared with saline group, in visfatin group, more uterine glands were found, EOS increased, and the difference was significant (P<0.05), MPO reduced, and the difference was significant (P<0.01). In addition, visfatin was able to increase the secretion of IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a (P<0.01). Compared with LPS group, in vifatin+LPS group, the uterine glands of the lamina propria increased, the myometrium became thinner, the number of EOS and MPO reduced obviously, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05), and after LPS stimulated body, visfatin decrease the level of IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a (P<0.01). The above results suggest that visfatin could affect the morphological structure of rat uterus; Visfatin could modulate the inflammatory response in rats' uterus by regulating the quantity of inflammatory cells, such as EOS and MPO, and the level of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a.
El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos de la visfatina sobre la estructura morfológica y la función del útero de la rata durante la inflamación. Se estudiaron la expresión y distribución de la visfatina, la estructura morfológica, eosinófilos, mieloperoxidasa y citoquinas en el útero de rata mediante la tinción de H&E, métodos inmunohistoquímicos, Western blots y ELISA. El estudio mostró que las células visfatina positivas se dispersan ampliamente en el útero, junto a una fuerte tinción positiva, principalmente en el citoplasma de la célula. En comparación con el grupo control, en el grupo visfatina, se encontraron más glándulas uterinas, se observó un aumento de EOS y la diferencia fue significativa (p<0,05), MPO reducida siendo esta diferencia también significativa (p<0,01). Además, la visfatina fue capaz de aumentar la secreción de IL-1b, IL-6 y TNF-a (P<0,01). En comparación con el grupo LPS, visfatina+grupo LPS, las glándulas uterinas de la lámina propia aumentaron, se observó un miometrio más delgado, y número reducido de EOS y MPO, sin embargo, la diferencia no fue significativa (P>0,05). Después de estímulo LPS en el cuerpo, se registró un nivel menor de visfatina en IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a (P<0,01). Los resultados anteriores sugieren que visfatina podría afectar a la estructura morfológica del útero de rata. Además, podría modular la respuesta inflamatoria en el útero mediante la regulación de la cantidad de células inflamatorias, tales como EOS y MPO.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Uterus/drug effects , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/pharmacology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunohistochemistry , Blotting, Western , Rats, Wistar , Peroxidase/drug effects , Inflammation , Neutrophils/drug effectsABSTRACT
In this study, the active components and potential molecular .mechanism of Guizhi Fuling formula in treatment on dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, and hysteromyoma were investigated using network pharmacological methods. Sterols and pentacyclic triterpenes, with high moleculal network degree, revealed promising effects on anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-tumor, and immune-regulation, according to D-T network analysis. On the other hand, the targets with high degree were involved in inflammatory, coagulation, angiopoiesis, smooth muscle contraction, and cell reproduction, which showed the novel function in anti-dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, and hysteromyoma. Furthermore, the formula was indicated to play a key role in smooth muscle proliferation, inhibition of new vessels, circulation improvement, reduction of hormone secretion, alleviation of smooth muscle, block of arachidonic acid metabolism, and inflammation in uterus. Thus, the main mechanism of Guizhi Fuling formula was summarized. In conclusion, Guizhi Fuling formula was proven to alleviated dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, and hysteromyoma by acting on multiple targets through several bioactive compounds, regulating 21 biological pathways.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Dysmenorrhea , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Metabolism , Gene Regulatory Networks , Leiomyoma , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Metabolism , Pelvic Inflammatory Disease , Drug Therapy , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Qigui Tongfeng tablet (QLTFT) is a traditional Chinese medicine with good effect for treating gout. Here, network pharmacology method and molecular similarity analysis were utilized to study the effective substance basis and molecular mechanism of the QLTFT on the gout. The similarity to the medicinal compounds is reflected in the Tanimoto coefficient that gives the structural similarity of two compounds. Operationally, similar modifiers were described as pairs of concepts with a similarity score of 0. 500. The results of the molecular similarity analysis suggested that the flavonoids in QLTFT could be new leads for gout. Furthermore, complex biological systems may be represented and analyzed as computable networks. Two important properties of a network were degree and betweenness. Nodes with high degree or high betweenness may play important roles in the overall composition of a network. And the results of network analysis showed that dongbeinine, verticinone-N-oxide, verticine N-oxide, peimine, peiminine, isobaimonidine, dongbeirine, peimisine and simi-arenol which with high degree acted on xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, matrix metalloproteinase-9, an arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein, tyrosine-protein kinase and etc. Inhibition of these targets can prevent the formation of uric acid, reduce inflammation by uric acid and regulate the body's immune response. Thus, these compounds may be the main effective substance basis. The research results not only reveals its molecular mechanism, but also provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of drugs and clinical application.
Subject(s)
Humans , Gout , Drug Therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Pharmacology , Methods , Tablets , Technology, Pharmaceutical , MethodsABSTRACT
In 2012, the preparation process and quality standard for Guizhi Fuling capsule were improved. To compare the effects and differences of capsules before (2011) and after(2012-2014) the improvement, evaluation models for intrinsic dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation and hysteromyoma were applied in rats. Models were induced by oxytocin, liqiud bacteria mixture and estrogen loading, respectively. The capsules (12 batchs/year, 48 bathcs in all), sampled randomly in 2011-2014, the effects were assessed using the three models. In anti-dysmenorrhea models, remarked reduction of writhing frequency, ET-1 and PGF2α content in uterus could be detected, as well as extension of writhing latency. In pelvic inflammation rats, depression of TNF-α and raise of IL-2 were induced by earh batch of capsules. In hysteromyoma model, uterine weight and smooth muscle proliferation, including E2 and P level in plasma, were lowered obviously by all batchs of capsules. Secondly, Guizhi Fuling capsules produced in 2012-2014 revealed better effectiveness than the ones manufactured in 2011. Moreover, pharmacodynamics indexes of the samples made in 2011 differed significantly between groups, which could not be observed in the ones ot 2012-2014. After tne preparation process and quality standard improvement, the effectiveness and homogeneity of Guizhi Fuling capsules were enhanced.