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1.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 27(7): 2597-2608, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1384449

ABSTRACT

Abstract Studies analyzing relations between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and environmental aspects in Latin American cities are relatively recent and limited, since most of them are conducted in high-income countries, analyzing mortality outcomes, and comprising large areas. This research focuses on adults with diabetes and/or hypertension under clinical follow-up who live in deprived areas. At the individual level we evaluated sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors from patient's records, and at the neighborhood level, socioeconomic conditions from census data. A multilevel analysis was carried out to study CVD. More women than men were under clinical follow-up, but men had higher frequency, higher odds, and shorter time to CVD diagnosis. Multilevel analysis showed that residing in neighborhoods with worst socioeconomic conditions leads to higher odds of CVDs, even after controlling for individual variables: OR (CI95%) of CVD in quartile 2 (Q2) 3.9 (1.2-12.1); Q3 4.0 (1.3-12.3); Q4 2.3 (0.7-8.0) (vs. highest socioeconomic level quartile). Among individuals living in unequal contexts, we found differences in CVD, which makes visible inequalities within inequalities. Differences between women and men should be considered through a gender perspective.


Resumo Os estudos que analisam as relações entre doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs) e aspectos ambientais em cidades latino-americanas são relativamente recentes e limitados. A maioria é realizada em países de alta renda analisando a mortalidade em grandes áreas. Esta investigação foca a população de adultos em acompanhamento clínico por diabetes e/ou hipertensão residentes em áreas carentes. No nível individual foram avaliados fatores sociodemográficos e de risco cardiovascular a partir dos prontuários médicos; e a partir de dados censitários, as condições socioeconômicas no nível da vizinhança. Mais mulheres do que homens estavam sob acompanhamento clínico, mas os homens apresentaram maior frequência, maior chance e menor tempo para diagnóstico de DCV. A análise multinível mostrou que residir em bairros com piores condições socioeconômicas leva a maiores chances de DCV, mesmo após o controle de variáveis ​​individuais. As OR (IC95%) de DCV foram: Q2 OR 3,9 (1,2-12,1); Q3 OR 4,0 (1,3-12,3); Q4 OR 2,3 (0,7-8,0) (referência: quartil de maior nível socioeconômico). Entre os indivíduos que vivem em contextos desiguais, encontramos diferenças nas DCV, mostrando desigualdades dentro das desigualdades. Diferenças entre homens e mulheres devem ser abordadas com uma perspectiva de gênero.

3.
Salud colect ; 9(3): 373-389, sep.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-695425

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y analizar los cambios en la definición de la diabetes como enfermedad y la relación con las transformaciones en su abordaje terapéutico. Se realizó un análisis de contenido sobre los artículos, guías y consensos publicados por la Sociedad Argentina de Diabetes (SAD) y la Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes (ALAD) entre los años 1980 y 2010. Se desagregaron las diferentes clasificaciones, los valores considerados normales para definir a una persona como diabética y el tratamiento, analizando críticamente los cambios y modificaciones encontrados con el auxilio de categorías como medicalización, riesgo y estilos de vida. Como resultado del análisis hemos podido observar cómo el creciente proceso de medicalización, la dependencia con respecto al conocimiento científico de países centrales, los intereses de la industria farmacéutica y el lugar central del tratamiento farmacológico se inscriben en el abordaje de la diabetes y se hacen visibles a través de los cambios sucedidos en los últimos 30 años.


The aim of this study was to describe and analyze changes in the definition of diabetes as a disease and the relationship between these changes and subsequent modifications in the therapeutic management of the disease. A content analysis was performed using articles, guidelines, and consensuses published by the Argentina Diabetes Society and the Latin American Diabetes Association between 1980 and 2010. The different classifications, values used to define a person as diabetic, and treatments were assessed and the changes and modifications discovered were critically analyzed using categories such as medicalization, risk and lifestyles. As a result of the analysis we can observe how the growing process of medicalization, the dependence on the scientific knowledge of central countries, the interests of the pharmaceutical industry, and the crucial role played by pharmacological treatments are all inscribed within the management of diabetes, which can be made visible through the changes that have taken place over the last 30 years.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Consensus , Diabetes Mellitus/classification , Life Style , Medicalization , Publishing , Societies, Medical
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