Fluid resuscitation of acute hemorrhage in uninephrectomized rabbits: effects on the early function of the remnant kidney

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of fluid resuscitation of acute hemorrhage on the early function and histopathology of the remnant kidney in uninephrectomized rabbits. Thirty-nine adult rabbits were studied in four groups. Group I [n = 8] included healthy controls; Group 2 [n = 10] healthy, bled animals; Group 3 [n = 10] uninephrectomized, non-bled animals; and Group 4 [n = 11] uninephrectomized, bled animals. In the hemorrhage groups, 8 mL kg[-1] of blood was drawn, and replaced with lactated Ringer's solution three times the volume of shed blood. Urine and blood samples were collected after 120-minutes of observation. None of the animals experienced hypotension during the study period. Serum and urinary electrolytes were similar between the Groups [p > 0.05]. Urine output was lower in Groups 3 and 4 than in Group 1 [p=0.001, both]. Urinary microalbumin, NAG, fractional sodium excretion and creatinine clearance were similar in all four Groups. Light microscopic evaluation revealed only slight enlargement of the proximal tubule lumen in the renal medulla of the rabbits that were both uninephrectomized and bled. We observed no deleterious effects of well resuscitated hemorrhage on early function and histopathology of the remnant kidney in uninephrectomized rabbits

Three-dimensional structure of the modiolus A computerized reconstruction study

Modiolus is a dense, compact, mobile fibromuscular structure, reachable by the dissection of buccolabial musculature. We undertook this study to provide detailed information about the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of modiolus and its 3-dimensional [3-D] shape. Fifteen micrometer thick serial sections were taken from the fixed cadaveric tissue samples and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and Massons' trichrome stain. Stained sections were photographed digitally and images were transferred to computer medium to perform 3-D reconstruction. The study was carried out in the dissection lab of the Anatomy Department of Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey between 2002 and 2003. The modiolus appears to be a tortuous, blunt conelike structure, extending vertically from the buccal mucosa to the dermis of the skin. The base of the cone is adjacent to the mucosa. As the structure has great clinical importance, and satisfactory complete 3-D analysis of the subject is not yet available; we believe that our study presenting the histological and 3-D description of the modiolus will be of great help to surgeons for satisfactory esthetic and functional results during surgical operations related to the oral commissure