ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective: GuttaFlow2 is a further development of the silicone sealer GuttaFlow, exhibiting a stiffer consistency. This is intended to overcome possible problems regarding retention of the apical part of the root canal filling when preparing for a fiber post. GuttaFlow2 is delivered within a capsule, like GuttaFlow, or within an automix syringe. This study compared apical dye leakage of GuttaFlow2 in comparison to GuttaFlow and AH Plus. The null hypothesis tested was that different sealers exhibited similar microleakage. Material and methods: Seventy extracted human lower premolars with fully mature apices were root canal prepared to 45/.04 and divided into seven groups: group 1: AH Plus sealer, group 2: "normal" setting GuttaFlow, group 3: "fast" setting GuttaFlow, group 4: GuttaFlow2 within a capsule, group 5: GuttaFlow2 within an automix syringe, group 6: positive control, group 7: negative control (n = 10 each). Root canals were filled with sealer (except group 7) and a master gutta-percha cone size 40/.04 using the non-compaction technique. A dye penetration test was carried out by centrifugation for 3 min at 30 G within 5 % methylene blue dye. Linear dye penetration was recorded. Statistical evaluation was carried out with IBM SPSS 19.0 (α = 0.05). Results: The positive control was significantly different from all other groups (ANOVA, p < 0.001; Student-Newman-Keuls post-hoc test p < 0.05). When the control groups were disregarded, no significant differences were apparent. Groups 1 to 5 showed low leakage values when compared with results of earlier studies using a similar methodology. Conclusion: All sealers tested exhibited low dye leakage values.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study evaluated sealing properties of root canal fillings with an additional composite barrier. The null hypothesis tested was that different sealers and different methods of sealer removal did not influence microleakage. Material and methods: Eighty extracted human molars with fully mature apices had root canal prepared to size 60 taper .02 and divided into eight groups: three experimental groups for each sealer and negative/positive control (n = 10 each). Teeth of experimental groups were mounted into the molar region of a training puppet to simulate clinical conditions. Root canals were filled with AH Plus or GuttaFlow and gutta-percha. Excess sealer was removed with: ethanol-moistened foam pellet only, additional preparation with a water-cooled diamond bur or additional etch-and-rinse procedure (37% phosphoric acid gel). All procedures were carried out until clean as judged by the naked eye. In all groups except the positive control Syntac was applied to the access cavity. Tetric flow was applied in two increments of 1 mm each. A dye penetration test was carried out by centrifugation for 3 min at 30 G within 5% methylene blue dye. Statistical evaluation was carried out with PASW 18.0 (α = 0.05). Results: Although the two sealers had different chemical composition, sealer exhibited no influence on the results, whereas technique of sealer removal did (Two-way-ANOVA, p < 0.001). Groups with "foam pellet" or "bur preparation" showed significantly more leakage than groups with "etch-and rinse" (SNK, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Applying an etch-and-rinse procedure prior to Syntac may be beneficial for the adhesive seal over root canal fillings.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to test different sealerremoval protocols following root canal filling before adhesive seal ofaccess cavities. Material and methods: Forty single root teeth wereselected for the study, prepared to size 60 taper .02, and filled withAH plus and a single gutta-percha cone size 55 taper .02. Excesssealer was removed with: ethanol-moisturised foam pellet (group 1),pellet and additional etch-and-rinse procedure (group 2), pellet andadditional preparation with a water-cooled diamond bur (group 3) orby etch-and-rinse following temporary filling for one week (group 4).Syntac and Tetric flow were used as a secondary protective seal. Adye penetration test (centrifugation 3min / 30G; 5% methylene blue)was carried out. Results were analyzed statistically using PASW 18.0(Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test, Kruskal-Wallis-test, Mann-Whitney-test;p < 0.05). Results: Groups 2, 3 and 4 revealed less leakage than group 1(p < 0.05; Mann-Whitney-tests) and displayed no coloration exceedingthe adhesive seal. Teeth with immediate (group 2) or delayed (group4) adhesive seal showed similar results. Conclusion: Acid etching orbur preparation may be recommended before adhesively sealing theaccess cavity in single-rooted teeth. There is no need to wait until thesealer has set.
ABSTRACT
Introdução e objetivo:: Os sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes têm sido largamente utilizados por dentistas e pesquisadores nos procedimentos adesivos de restaurações dentárias. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união ao microcisalhamento de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes em dentina profunda. Material e métodos: Prepararam-se 50 terceiros molares humanos até obtenção de superfícies planas de dentina profunda (2 mm abaixo do limite amelodentinário do sulco central), abrasionadas com lixa de carbeto de silício n.º 600. As amostras foram aleatoriamente divididas em cinco grupos (n = 10), de acordo com os grupos experimentais: 1) adesivo convencional Syntac (controle), 2) adesivo autocondicionante One-Up Bond F Plus (um passo), 3) Hybrid Bond (um passo), 4) AdheSE (dois passos) unidos ao compósito Tetric Ceram e 5) Silorane System Adhesive (dois passos), unido ao compósito de baixa contração FiltekSilorane. Os materiais foram aplicados segundo orientações dos fabricantes e com uma matriz Tygon. Os corpos-de-prova foram armazenados em água destilada a 37±2ºC por uma semana. Determinou-se a resistência de união por meio da máquina universal de ensaios Zwick, a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/minuto. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos em MPa (DP) foram analisados estatisticamente (Anova e teste de Tukey p < 0,05) e apresentaram os seguintes dados: 2) 25,5 (4,4); 1) 24,9 (5,3); 3) 22,4 (8,1); 4) 21,5 (4,4) e 5) 18,1 (7,2). O teste de Tukey mostrou variações significativas entre os grupos 2 e 5, que não evidenciaram diferenças com os demais grupos testados. Conclusão: O adesivo Silorane e o compósito Filtek Silorane tiveram resistência de união similar à dos demais materiais, porém menor que o One-Up Bond F Plus, quando este foi utilizado com o Tetric Ceram. Os resultados sugerem que, em termos de resistência de união, os adesivos autocondicionantes podem ser uma boa alternativa nos procedimentos restauradores adesivos em dentina profunda.
Introduction and objecttiivee:: The self-etching adhesive systems have been widely used by dentists and researchers in the procedures of adhesive dental restorations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microshear bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems to deep dentin.Material and methods: Fifty freshly extracted human third molars were prepared using a diamond saw until obtaining flat surfaces of deep dentin (2 mm below the DEJ of central sulcus), wet-abraded with 600-grit SiC paper. The samples were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10) according to the experimental groups: 1) conventional adhesive Syntac (control), 2) one-step self-etching adhesive One-Up Bond F Plus, 3) onestep self-etching adhesive Hybrid Bond, 4) two-step self-etching adhesive AdheSE bonded to Tetric Ceram resin composite; and the 5) two-step self-etching adhesive Silorane System Adhesive bonded to low shrinkage resin composite Filtek Silorane. The adhesives and the resin composite were applied according to the manufacturers instructions, and using a Tygon tubing mold. The samples were stored in distilled water at 37±2ºC for one week. Microshear bond strengths were determined using a Zwick universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Results: The results obtained in MPa (SD) were statistically analyzed (Anova and Tukey test, p < 0.05), and showed the following results: 2) 25,5 (4,4); 1) 24,9 (5,3); 3) 22,4 (8,1); 4) 21,5 (4,4) and 5) 18,1 (7,2). There was statistically significant variation between groups 2 and 5; which did not show difference to the other groups tested. Conclusion: The Silorane System Adhesive and the low shrinkage resin composite Filtek Silorane showed similar bond strength to Syntac, Hybrid Bond and AdheSE bonded to Tetric Ceram resin composite; however, being lower than One-Up Bond F Plus bonded to Tetric Ceram. Regarding the bond strength, the results suggest that self-etching adhesive systems can...