ABSTRACT
Abstract Background and objectives Currently there is no agreement regarding which one is the most adequate anesthetic technique for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity. Peribulbar block may reduce the incidence of oculocardiac reflex and postoperative apnea. The goal of this study was to report the outcomes of peribulbar block, when combined with general anesthesia, for the laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity, in premature babies. Methods A retrospective analysis of anesthetic records of all babies who underwent laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity from January 2008 through December 2015 in a tertiary hospital was performed. Results During that period a total of six babies was submitted to laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity, all under peribulbar block combined with general anesthesia. A single infratemporal injection of 0.15 mL.kg−1 per eye ropivacaine 1% or 0.75% was performed. At the end of the procedure, all babies resumed spontaneous ventilation. No perioperative complications were reported. Conclusions Peribulbar block was a safe anesthetic technique in our sample considered.
Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Até o momento não há um consenso sobre a técnica anestésica mais adequada para o tratamento de retinopatia da prematuridade. O bloqueio peribulbar pode reduzir a incidência de reflexo oculocardíaco e apneia no pós-operatório. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar os resultados do bloqueio peribulbar, quando combinado com anestesia geral, para o tratamento a laser de retinopatia da prematuridade em bebês prematuros. Métodos Uma análise retrospectiva dos registros anestésicos de todos os bebês submetidos ao tratamento a laser para retinopatia da prematuridade de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2015 foi realizada em um hospital terciário. Resultados Durante esse período, seis bebês foram submetidos ao tratamento a laser para retinopatia da prematuridade, todos sob bloqueio peribulbar combinado com anestesia geral. Uma injeção infratemporal única de ropivacaína a 1% ou 0,75% (0,15 mL.kg−1) foi administrada por olho. No fim do procedimento, todos os bebês retomaram a ventilação espontânea. Não foram relatadas complicações perioperatórias. Conclusões O bloqueio peribulbar foi uma técnica anestésica segura em nossa amostra considerada.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retinal Diseases/physiopathology , Retinopathy of Prematurity/surgery , Infant, Premature , Laser Therapy/instrumentation , Nerve Block/methodsABSTRACT
La transmisión de electrocardiogramas por vía telefónica es una técnica ampliamente difundida en el mundo. Se describe la experiencia de 17 meses (marzo 2006-agosto 2007) de utilización de un sistema de transmisión de electrocardiogramas, desde 23 centros urbanos y suburbanos ubicados en el Estado Lara. Los electrocardiogramas son tomados y transmitidos por los médicos generales mediante equipos Aerotel ®, ubicados en los hospitales o ambulatorios, a la central de llamadas ubicada en Caracas. El cardiólogo de guardia transmite el electrocardiograma el cual es recibido e interpretado por el especialista de guardia de telemedicina. El trazo electrocardiográfico, interpretado es enviado en pocos minutos al médico referente vía Fax. Se realizaron 3.690 electrocardiogramas a 3.104 pacientes. El motivo de la realización del electrocardiograma fue en la mayoría de los casos, dolor torácico (25 por ciento) o hipertensión arterial (26 por ciento). Los electrocardiogramas con anormalidades alcanzaron el 65 por ciento. Los trastornos isquémicos representaron el porcentaje mayor de anormalidades (32 por ciento). De las arritmias, la de mayor frecuencia la fibrilación y el flutterauricular (43 por ciento). Los trastornos de conducción el bloqueo de rama derecha y el hemibloqueo anterior izquierdo ocuparon la mayor frecuencia (23 por ciento y 35 por ciento respectivamente). Los electrocardiogramas cuyo diagnóstico requirió una conducta inmediata alcanzaron a 428 electrocardiogramas, siendo los más frecuentes la fibrilación auricular y la lesión subepicárdica: 203 (47 por ciento) y 161 (38 por ciento respectivamente. Este estudio muestra la utilidad de un sistema de tele-electrocardiografía, que presta asesoramiento cardiológico a centros urbanos y suburbanos en los cuales no existen especialistas de manera permanente.
Telephone transmission of electrocardiograms is widely practiced around the world. This study describes the experience with a tele-electrocardiography system, over 17 months (March, 2006-August, 2007), in 23 urban and suburban centers located in Lara State. Electrocardiograms were obtained by general practitioners using Aerotel® devices located in clinics and hospitals and transmitted to a call center located in Caracas. There a receiving cardiologist interpreted the tracings. Within a few minutes the interpretation was sent back to the referring physician. A total of 3,690 electrocardiograms were obtained from 3,104 patients. The reason for obtaining an electrocardiogram in these patients was, in most cases, a presenting history of chest pain (25%) or a finding of arterial hypertension (26%). An abnormality was found in 65% of the tracings. Conduction disturbances accounted for the highest percentage (32%). Among rhythm disturbances, atrial fibrillation and flutter were present in 43% of the electrocardiograms. Right bund le branch block and left anterior hemiblock were the most frequent conduction abnormalities (23% and 35% respectively). There were 428 electrocardiographic diagnoses, resulting in an immediate intervention, of which atrial fibrillation and a subepicardial lesion accounted for 203 (47%) and 161 (38%) cases respectively. This study shows the utility of a tele-electrocardiography system, which provides cardiologic support to urban and suburban centers, where specialists arenot available.