ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the body temperature thresholds of shivering in febrile rats during therapeutic hypothermia, and establish rat models of shivering in different degrees. Methods A randomized controlled trial was adopted. Rats weighted 200 ± 20 g and basal body temperature of 36. 8-38. 3℃ were induced with fever using 20% dry yeast solution through dorsal subcutaneous injection. 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:10 mL ice pack group, 20 mL ice pack group, 40 mL ice pack group and control group, 10 rats in each group. Physical cooling was implemented for 30 minutes in the neck and armpits. No cooling measures was given to the control group. The shivering of rats were observed, and the threshold of anal temperature was monitored. Results In the rats with hyperthermia, shivering was not observed in any part of the rats in the control group and in the therapeutic hypothermia group of 10 mL ice pack. The rats in the therapeutic hypothermia group of 20 mL ice pack developed mild shivering, which manifested as piloerection, head and neck trembling, with or without upper limbs trembling. The threshold of the average rectal temperature of mild shivering was 37. 25℃, The incidence of mild shivering was 100%. The rats in the therapeutic hypothermia group of 40 mL ice pack developed severe shivering, which manifested as piloercetion, head, neck, limbs and trunk were trembling, and tail muscle tension increased. The threshold of the average rectal temperature of severe shivering was 37. 07℃, severe shivering occurred in 90% of the rats. Conclusions No shivering, mild shivering, and severe shivering models can be established by intervention with ice pack in rats with high fever during therapeutic hypothermia.
ABSTRACT
Objective · To study the effect of miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells on the biological functions of vascular endothelial cells.Methods · Lentivirus vectors Up-LV-miR-137 and LV-miR-NC were constructed and transfected into the trophoblast cells HTR-8/SVneo, respectively.And transfection efficiency was verified by PCR. Vascular endothelial cells were cultured with transfected trophoblast cells or their culture medium supernatant. Proliferation, migration activity and ability to recruit monocytes U937 of endothelial cells were detected by CCK8 method, scratch test and Transwell migration test, respectively. Results · miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells were obtained. The results of CCK8 test showed that proliferation of vascular endothelial cells cultured with miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells or their culture medium supernatant was inhibited, especially in high glucose condition. The repair of endothelial cells in the transfected cells culture medium slowed down in the scratch test. Transwell migration test results showed that after the endothelial cells were cultured with miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells, more monocytes passed through the chambers with higher chemotactic index. Conclusion · miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells can regulate the biological functions of vascular endothelial cells, i.e. reduce proliferation and migration activity and enhance ability to recruit monocytes.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the body temperature thresholds of shivering in febrile rats during therapeutic hypothermia, and establish rat models of shivering in different degrees. Methods A randomized controlled trial was adopted. Rats weighted 200 ± 20 g and basal body temperature of 36. 8-38. 3℃ were induced with fever using 20% dry yeast solution through dorsal subcutaneous injection. 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:10 mL ice pack group, 20 mL ice pack group, 40 mL ice pack group and control group, 10 rats in each group. Physical cooling was implemented for 30 minutes in the neck and armpits. No cooling measures was given to the control group. The shivering of rats were observed, and the threshold of anal temperature was monitored. Results In the rats with hyperthermia, shivering was not observed in any part of the rats in the control group and in the therapeutic hypothermia group of 10 mL ice pack. The rats in the therapeutic hypothermia group of 20 mL ice pack developed mild shivering, which manifested as piloerection, head and neck trembling, with or without upper limbs trembling. The threshold of the average rectal temperature of mild shivering was 37. 25℃, The incidence of mild shivering was 100%. The rats in the therapeutic hypothermia group of 40 mL ice pack developed severe shivering, which manifested as piloercetion, head, neck, limbs and trunk were trembling, and tail muscle tension increased. The threshold of the average rectal temperature of severe shivering was 37. 07℃, severe shivering occurred in 90% of the rats. Conclusions No shivering, mild shivering, and severe shivering models can be established by intervention with ice pack in rats with high fever during therapeutic hypothermia.
ABSTRACT
Objective · To study the effect of miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells on the biological functions of vascular endothelial cells.Methods · Lentivirus vectors Up-LV-miR-137 and LV-miR-NC were constructed and transfected into the trophoblast cells HTR-8/SVneo, respectively.And transfection efficiency was verified by PCR. Vascular endothelial cells were cultured with transfected trophoblast cells or their culture medium supernatant. Proliferation, migration activity and ability to recruit monocytes U937 of endothelial cells were detected by CCK8 method, scratch test and Transwell migration test, respectively. Results · miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells were obtained. The results of CCK8 test showed that proliferation of vascular endothelial cells cultured with miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells or their culture medium supernatant was inhibited, especially in high glucose condition. The repair of endothelial cells in the transfected cells culture medium slowed down in the scratch test. Transwell migration test results showed that after the endothelial cells were cultured with miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells, more monocytes passed through the chambers with higher chemotactic index. Conclusion · miR-137 overexpressed trophoblast cells can regulate the biological functions of vascular endothelial cells, i.e. reduce proliferation and migration activity and enhance ability to recruit monocytes.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the effect of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) on podocalyxin expression in mouse podocytes exposed to high glucose in vitro and explore the possible pathway involved.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression vector carrying a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting CTGF was transfected into mouse podocytes cultured in the presence of 1 g/L glucose (normal control), 4.5 g/L glucose (high glucose group), 1 g/L glucose + 3.5 g/L mannitol (iso-osmolar control group). The changes in the protein expression levels of podocalyxin, CTGF and ERK1/2 in the cells in response to the treatments were investigated using Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High glucose exposure for 24 and 48 h resulted in significantly decreased expression of podocalyxin and increased CTGF in the podocytes (P<0.05). Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 occurred as early as 30 min after the exposure, and the activation was maintained till 24 h. Transfection of the cells with siRNA targeting CTGF significantly inhibited these changes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CTGF is an important mediator of high glucose-induced podocyte damage and decreases the protein level of podocalyxin by the ERK1/2 pathway. CTGF-specific siRNA can alleviate high glucose-induced podocyte injury, suggesting its potential value in treatment of diabetic nephropathy.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Cells, Cultured , Connective Tissue Growth Factor , Metabolism , Diabetic Nephropathies , Glucose , MAP Kinase Signaling System , Podocytes , Cell Biology , Metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , Sialoglycoproteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
Usage of reverse genetic techniques in the research area of the fundamental etiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), has resolved the issue about the function of viral gene of FMDV on genomic integer level. At present, a further recognition and apprehension for the molecular etiology of FMDV based on the development in reverse genetics was made. Combined with the research work in our labs, we reviewed international advances about the molecular pathogenic mechanism, the relationship be-tween virulence and variation in the genomes, influencing factors for the viral replication, and the develop-ment of new-type gene vaccine of FMD in this article, and propose the potential research aspects in reverse genetics of FMDV in the future.