ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To observe the efficacy and safety of crizotinib in the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase （ALK） positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS： From Aug. 2015 to May 2017， 72 patients with ALK positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma were selected from our hospital. According to the simple random method， the patients were divided into control group and observation group， with 36 patients in each group. The control group was given Pemetrexed disodium for injection 500 mg/m2，d1， ivgtt+ Cisplatin for injection 75 mg/m2，d1-3，ivgtt； Dexamethasone acetate tablets 0.75 mg were given orally one day before administration， once in the morning and again in the evening； 7 days before administration， Folic acid tablets 0.4 mg were given orally till 21 days after the last administration of cisplatin； Vitamin B12 1 mg injection was injected intramuscularly every 3 weeks after intramuscular injection of cisplatin. Isotonic Glucose injection 100 g was intravenously dripped 1 day before medication； on the day of chemotherapy， isotonic Sodium chloride injection or Glucose injection was infused intravenously for 3 000-3 500 mL； at the same time， Potassium chloride injection 0.5 g， Mannitol injection 50 g， Furosemide injection 20 mg were given to ensure daily urine volume of 2 000-3 000 mL； a treatment course lasted for 21 d， and there were 2 courses in total. Observation group was additionally given Crizotinib capsules 250 mg orally， once at 7：00 in the morning and evening， swallowing whole capsule， not chewed or dissolved， for 42 days. The clinical efficacies， survival quality and the occurrence of toxic reaction were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS： Total response rate （61.11％） and stable rate of survival quality （83.33％） in observation group were significantly higher than those （27.78％， 44.44％） of control group （P＜0.05）； incidence of grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ myelosuppression， gastrointestinal reaction， abnormal liver function， peripheral neuritis and alopecia in observation group were significantly lower than those of control group； incidence of grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ visual effect in observation group was significantly higher than control group（P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of edema between 2 groups（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Based on routine chemotherapy， additional application of crizotinib can significantly improve therapeutic efficacy of patients with advanced ALK positive lung adenocarcinoma， and effectively improve survival quality of patients without increasing the occurrence of toxic reaction of other tissues or organs， but the incidence of toxic reaction is in high level relatively.
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Objective To explore the expressions of Smad4 and estrogen receptor (ER) and their interrelation,and the relationship with the clinicopathological features of breast cancer.Methods The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expressions of Smad4 and ER in 50 case of invasive cancer,12 cases of carcinoma in situ and 15 cases of normal breast tissues.The differences in different clinical stages,differentiation degrees and nodal metastases were analyzed.The correlation between Smad4 and ER was explored.Results The positive expression rate of Smad4 in invasive cancer was 52.00％,which lower than that in normal breast tissue (93.33％),with a significant difference (x2 =8.329,P =0.004),positive expression rates of ER were 60.00％ and 40.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =1.868,P =0.172).The positive expression rates of Smad4 in carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer were 75.00％ and 52.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =2.082,P =0.149).The positive expression rates of ER were 58.33％ and 60.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =0.011,P =0.916).The positive expression of Smad4 was related to the TNM stage (x2 =6.392,P =0.011) and the lymph node metastasis (x2 =6.738,P =0.009),but it was not associated with the histologic grade (x2 =0.542,P =0.462).The positive expression of ER was related to the lymph node metastasis (x2 =4.133,P =0.042) and histologic grade (x2 =5.357,P =0.021),but it was not associated with the TNM stage (x2 =1.159,P =0.282).There was positive correlation between Smad4 and ER in breast cancer tissue (r =0.263,P =0.032).Conclusion Smad4 is expressed at lower level in breast cancer than in normal breast tissue.The expressions of Smad4 and ER are related to the different clinicopathological features of breast cancer with positive correlation.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of different skin flap management methods on post operative (subcutaneous) fluid collection and skin flap necrosis after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer. (Methods) A retrospectively analysis of clinical data of 119 cases of breast cancer operated by modified (radical) mastectomy in our hospital in recent four years. Statistically analyse the relationship between 4 different skin flap management methods to postoperative subcutaneous fluid collection and skin flap necrosis. Results 43 out of 119 cases developed postoperative subcutaneous fluid collection and/or skin flap necrosis. There were 13 cases with complication of subcutaneous fluid collection, 3 cases with skin flap necrosis among 79 (cases) treated by transverse incision;20cases with complication of subcutaneous fluid collection, and 7 cases of skin flap necrosis among 40 cases treated by longitudinal incision; 23cases with complication of subcutaneous fluid collection, and 8 cases of skin flap necrosis among 60 cases treated by "skin flap management type one"; 23cases with complication of subcutaneous fluid collection, and 2 cases of skin flap necrosis among 59 cases treated by "skin flap management type two". Conclusions A transverse incision after subcutaneous (injection) of 1∶400 adrenaline saline solution, plus the use of scalpel dissection and the technique of skin flap fixation by the "rivet" method can effectively decrease postoperative development of subcutaneous fluid (collection) and necrosis of incisional skin margins.