Violência contra a mulher: a percepção dos graduandos de enfermagem / Violence against women: how nursing students perceive it

Objetivo: conhecer as percepções dos graduandos em Enfermagem sobre violência contra a mulher. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado com 16 graduandos em Enfermagem entre abril e junho de 2016. Dados coletados por entrevista e realizada a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram determinadas como categorias: entendimento sobre violência de gênero, abordagem da violência de gênero na formação dos graduandos, percepção sobre a atuação do enfermeiro na atenção às mulheres em situação de violência e considerações sobre o atendimento ideal à mulher em situação de violência. Considerações finais: a violência e a desigualdade de gênero são percebidas pelos acadêmicos. O papel do enfermeiro é destacado nas habilidades de comunicação e acolhimento. Os graduandos não se identificam como parte da equipe de saúde que receberá a mulher em situação de violência e percebem o tema no currículo da graduação. Estudos semelhantes contribuirão com a discussão sobre a violência contra a mulher.

Objective: to learn how nursing graduate students perceive violence against women. Methods: qualitative analysis carried out with 16 nursing students from April to June 2016. Data were collected in interviews and content was analyzed. Results: four categories were discerned: overall understanding about gender-related violence; approach towards gender-related violence during student’s graduation; perception about nurse’s role when assisting violated women; considerations about the best approach to take when assisting violated women. Final considerations: gender-related violence is noticed by students, as much as gender inequality. Nurse’s highlighted role is the ability to communicate and to foster patient care. Undergraduate students do not identify as active part of health care team. However, they identify the theme in the University’s undergraduation syllabus. Similar researches can contribute to discuss violence against women.

Growth of broad-nosed caiman, Caiman latirostris (Daudin, 1802) hatchlings, fed with diets of animal origin

The study was carried out to evaluate the growth rate of broad-nosed caiman, Caiman latirostris hatchlings, fed on four animal protein diets: (a) dead poultry from a poultry farm; (b) dead piglet from nursery and farrowing house in a swine farm; (c) whole tilapia (Tilapia rendalli e Oreochromis niloticus); and (d) a balanced mixture of a, b, and c sources. Sixteen seven-month old caimans, average weight of 208 g and, 38 cm of total lenght (TL) were distributed in four treatments. Four groups of four caimans each were placed in cement enclosures inside a greenhouse. Diets were supplied at the average rate of 97.8 percent ± 34.8 percent of the body weight per week (average and standard deviation; wet weight basis). Body mass and total length of caimans were measured every 30 days for six months (Nov. 1995-April. 1996). An analysis of variance with repeated measures was performed. Diets provided suitable growth for weight and TL (mean ± standard deviation, respectively): (a) 2,157 ± 743 g and 79.5 ± 6.9 cm; (b) 1,811 ± 222 g and 75.7 ± 1.9 cm; (c) 2,431 ± 780 g and 80.7 ± 5.8 cm; (d) 1,683.5 ± 736 g and 74.5 ± 7.2 cm. There was no significant effect of diet on weight, but diet effect on TL of hatchlings approached significance (p < 0.10). It is concluded that all diets have good potential, in growth sense, to be used in commercial farms or ranches and for captivity propagation programs of caimans

Observations on the thermal selection of the pantanal caiman (Caiman crocodilus yacare) hatchlings (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae)

Three options of water temperatures in a thermal gradient that changed from 22 to 35 C were offered to Pantanal caiman (Caiman croocodilus yacare) hatchlings. Animals from two nests were submitted to temperatures during 19 days (Nest 1 - 20 caimans caught in the nature hours after hatching), corresponding to 1 to 7 observations periods, and 13 days (Nest 2 - 20 animals obtained by artificial incubation) relative to observation period 8. Caimans remain fasting during experimental period. Hatchlings were allocated in a enclosure containing three styrofoam boxes (120 L) disposed side by side enclosed by wire netting and filled with water to the top. Thus, the animals were free to access the boxes, which temperatures were changed at the end of each observation period to avoid position effects. Air temperature was keep close to 22 C by air conditioning and water temperature was controlled by thermostats. The trial was divided in three phases determined by elimination of the less frequented temperature and its substitution by another temperature. In a first phase of the experiment that contained 1, 2 and 3 observation periods, the thermostats were regulated to 22 C (BoxD), 26 C (BxC) and 32 C (BxA). In phase 2 to 26 C, 29.5 C (BxB) and 32 C, including 4, 5 and 6 periods. In the third phase that included 7 and 8 periods, the thermostats were adjusted to 29.5 C, 32 C and 35 C (BxE). The number of caimans in each box was recorded two to three times a day (8:00, 14:00 and 17:00h) before pointed water temperature. Mean water temperatures (+ standard deviation) and respective caiman frequency means by box/temperature were: Phase 1 (BxD/22.3 1.2 C - 10.3 percent; BxC/27.0 2.4 C - 32.0 percent and BxA/31.2 1.1 C - 57.6 percent); Phase 2 (BxC/26.6 2.8 C - 13.3 percent; BxB/29.3 2.2 C - 27.7 percent and BxA/31.3 1.2 C - 59.0 percent) and Phase 3 (BxB/29.5 3.6 C - 23.7 percent; BxA/31.0 2.2 C - 31.9 and BxE/34.0 2.2 C - 44.4 percent). Observing that in the phases 1 and 2 the box with hottest water (CxA) was more frequented. In the phase 3, the difference between higher and smaller frequency straiten to 20.7 percent, in relation to almost 46.5 percent in phases 1 and 2, indicating that water temperatures between 29.5 and 35 C resulted in body temperatures more next to the comfort zone, in the experimental conditions