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1.
Saúde Redes ; 9(3): 1-9, set. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1516098

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar o estoque de medicamentos nas unidades básicas de saúde das regiões do Distrito Federal (DF). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo por meio da consulta ao sistema de informações InfoSaúde-DF. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de junho a novembro de 2022. Nas análises, considerou-se a relação de medicamentos essenciais do DF e empregou-se a classificação anatômica, terapêutica e química. Resultados: Verificou-se, a média de 43,1 medicamentos em falta no total de unidades básicas de saúde do DF. Os meses com maior frequência de desabastecimento foram outubro e novembro (n=58). Na região sul do DF, observou-se a maior falta de medicamentos e a região leste foi aquela com menor desabastecimento. Na comparação das médias dos medicamentos desabastecidos entre a região sul do DF e as demais regiões obteve-se p<0,05. Os antimicrobianos estiveram comumente em falta, especialmente aqueles do componente estratégico da assistência farmacêutica. Os medicamentos cetotifeno, hipromelose e tioridazina estiveram em falta durante todo o período. Conclusão: Houve diferenças nos estoques de medicamentos nas unidades básicas de saúde do DF. Além disso, os medicamentos cuja responsabilidade financiamento e aquisição eram do Ministério da Saúde estavam mais frequentemente em falta. Logo, este estudo subsidia as discussões no âmbito da assistência farmacêutica, bem como, a execução de ações que otimizem a integralidade da assistência e cuidado no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde.

2.
Acta ortop. bras ; 31(5): e266018, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519945

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A reconstrução do terço distal da tíbia devido à ressecção de tumor maligno apresenta alguns fatores que dificultam sua realização, como camada subcutânea delgada, feixes neurovasculares que transpassam os compartimentos, tempo cirúrgico prolongado, material ortopédico específico e equipe multidisciplinar treinada. O aloenxerto de banco de tecido faz parte deste arsenal ortopédico. Objetivo: Descrever o protocolo realizado no Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia Jamil Haddad. Métodos: Série de seis casos submetidos à ressecção com margens oncológicas, reconstrução com aloenxerto e uso de haste retrógrada de tornozelo como cirurgia preservadora do membro. Três dos seis pacientes eram do sexo feminino, as lesões tinham em média 9,3 cm de comprimento e o tempo cirúrgico médio foi de 3,25 horas. Resultados: A principal complicação de curto prazo (≤ 30 dias) foi a paralisia do nervo fibular, enquanto a principal complicação de longo prazo (> 30 dias) foi a infecção do sítio cirúrgico (dois casos). A consolidação dos dois focos ocorreu em três pacientes, e dois pacientes evoluíram para pseudoartrose assintomática do foco proximal com consolidação do foco distal. Conclusão: Apesar das complicações, a cirurgia proposta permite ao paciente a chance de preservar seu membro diante de uma cirurgia radical imediata. Nível de Evidência IV, Série de Casos.


ABSTRACT Reconstruction of the distal third of the tibia due to resection of a malignant tumor has some hindering factors, such as a thin subcutaneous layer, neurovascular bundles that cross compartments, prolonged operative duration, specific orthopedic material, and a trained multidisciplinary team. Allografting with material from tissue banks is part of this orthopaedic arsenal. Objective: To describe the protocol used at Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia Jamil Haddad. Methods: Series of six cases subjected to resection with oncologic margins, allograft reconstruction, and use of a retrograde ankle nail as limb-salvage surgery. Three of the six patients were women, the lesions were on average 9.3 cm long, and the average operative duration was 3.25 hours. Results: The main short-term complication (≤ 30 days) was peroneal nerve palsy, while the main long-term complication (> 30 days) was surgical site infection (two cases). Consolidation of the two foci occurred in three patients, and two patients developed asymptomatic pseudoarthrosis of the proximal focus with consolidation of the distal focus. Conclusion: Despite the complications, the proposed surgery gives patients the chance to preserve their limb in the face of immediate radical surgery. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

3.
Acta ortop. bras ; 31(1): e256272, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1419967

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that by 2025 about 2.3 billion adults will be overweight, with more than 700 million obese. Obese patients with joint pain and reduced physical function represent a challenging group to treat effectively. Objective: To evaluate patients undergoing bariatric surgery and the implications of this surgery on knee joint pain and to conduct anamnesis and apply specific questionnaires to deepen the discussion and elucidate the knee joint symptoms related to obesity. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study with tabulation and analysis of collected data. Results: We obtained a significant result when comparing knee pain pre and post-surgery, in which pain increased by 15.8%. Conclusion: Although worsening or maintenance of pain may occur, this fact is associated to factors such as the increase of functional activities of a joint that was previously in disuse and the loss of muscle mass as a sustainer. We concluded that the improvement of joint pain complaints were mainly due to the reduction of joint overload. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.


RESUMO A estimativa da Organização Mundial da Saúde é que, em 2025, cerca de 2,3 bilhões de adultos estarão com excesso de peso e, destes, mais de 700 milhões com obesidade. Pacientes obesos com dor nas articulações e função física reduzida representam um grupo desafiador para o tratamento efetivo. Objetivo: Avaliar pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica e as implicações dessa cirurgia na dor da articulação do joelho, assim como realizar anamnese e aplicação de questionários específicos para aprofundar a discussão e elucidar os sintomas articulares no joelho relacionados à obesidade. Métodos: Estudo transversal observacional com tabulação e análise de dados coletados. Resultados: Obteve-se um resultado significativo na comparação da dor no joelho pré e pós-cirurgia, havendo um aumento da dor de 15,8%. Conclusão: Ainda que resultados de piora ou manutenção da dor possam ocorrer, associados ao aumento das atividades funcionais de uma articulação até então em desuso e à perda da massa muscular como sustentador, por exemplo, a maioria dos participantes relatou melhora das queixas álgicas articulares, principalmente em decorrência da diminuição da sobrecarga articular. Nível de Evidência IV, Série de Casos.

5.
Clinics ; 77: 100042, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404294

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically impacted liver organ transplantation. The American Society of Transplantation recommends a minimum of 28 days after symptom resolution for organ donation. However, the exact time for transplantation for recipients is unknown. Considering that mortality on the waiting list for patients with MELD >25 or fulminant hepatitis is higher than that of COVID-19, the best time for surgery after SARS-CoV-2 infection remains undetermined. This study aims to expand the current knowledge regarding the Liver Transplantation (LT) time for patients after COVID-19 and to provide transplant physicians with essential decision-making tools to manage these critically ill patients during the pandemic. Methods: Systematic review of patients who underwent liver transplantation after diagnosis of COVID-19. The MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, Embase, and Scielo databases were searched until June 20, 2021. The MESH terms used were "COVID-19" and "Liver transplantation". Results: 558 articles were found; of these 13 articles and a total of 18 cases of COVID-19 prior to liver transplantation were reported. The mean age was 38.7±14.6, with male prevalence. Most had mild symptoms of COVID. Five patients have specific treatment for COVID-19 with convalescent plasm or remdesivir/oseltamivir, just one patient received hydroxychloroquine, and 12 patients received only symptomatic treatment. The median time between COVID-19 to LT was 19 days (13.5-44.5). Deceased donor liver transplantation accounted for 61% of cases, while living donor transplantation was 39%. Conclusion: Despite the concerns regarding the postoperative evolution, the mortality of patients with high MELD or fulminant hepatitis transplanted shortly after COVID-19 diagnosis does not seem to be higher. (PROSPERO, registration number = CRD42021261790)

6.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 34(3): e1622, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1355516

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of abdominal hernia in cirrhotic patients is as higher as 20%; in cases of major ascites the incidence may increase up to 40%. One of the main and most serious complications in cirrhotic postoperative period (PO) is acute kidney injury (AKI). Aim: To analyze the renal function of cirrhotic patients undergoing to hernia surgery and evaluate the factors related to AKI. Methods: Follow-up of 174 cirrhotic patients who underwent hernia surgery. Laboratory tests including the renal function were collected in the PO.AKI was defined based on the consensus of the ascite´s club. They were divided into two groups: with (AKI PO) and without AKI . Results: All 174 patients were enrolled and AKI occurred in 58 (34.9%). In the AKI PO group, 74.1% had emergency surgery, whereas in the group without AKI PO it was only 34.6%.In the group with AKI PO, 90.4% presented complications, whereas in the group without AKI PO they occurred only in 29.9%. Variables age, baseline MELD, baseline creatinine, creatinine in immediate postoperative (POI), AKI and the presence of ascites were statistically significant for survival. Conclusions: There is association between AKI PO and emergency surgery and, also, between AKI PO and complications after surgery. The factors related to higher occurrence were initial MELD, basal Cr, Cr POI. The patients with postoperative AKI had a higher rate of complications and higher mortality.


RESUMO Racional: A incidência de hérnia abdominal em pacientes cirróticos é elevada, em torno de 20%. Em casos de ascite volumosa, a incidência atinge valores até 40%. Uma das principais e mais graves complicações no pós-operatório de correção de hérnias de pacientes cirróticos é a insuficiência renal aguda (IRA). Objetivo: Analisar a função renal de pacientes cirróticos submetidos a herniorrafias, comparando aqueles que apresentavam IRA pós-operatório com os demais, para determinar os fatores relacionados à sua ocorrência. Método: Seguimento de pacientes cirróticos submetidos à cirurgia de hérnia entre 2001 e 2014 no Serviço de Transplante de Fígado. Foram coletados exames laboratoriais para avaliar a função renal no pós-operatório rotineiramente. A IRA foi definida com base no consenso do clube da ascite em 2015. Resultados: Dos 174 pacientes incluídos, ocorreu IRA em 58 pacientes (34,9%). Houve diferença entre grupos para as seguintes variáveis: MELD inicial, creatinina basal e creatinina, o grupo com IRA apresentou medias superiores ao grupo que não apresentou IRA. No grupo IRA PO, 74,1% das cirurgias, foram realizadas em caráter de emergência, enquanto que no grupo sem IRA no pós-operatório, 34,6%. No grupo IRA, 90,4% dos indivíduos apresentaram complicações no pós-operatório, enquanto no grupo sem IRA, 29,9%. As variáveis idade, MELD inicial, creatinina basal e creatinina no pós-operatório inicial foram estatisticamente significantes na análise de sobrevida. Conclusões: Existe uma associação entre IRA pós-operatória e cirurgia de emergência e IRA pós-operatóri e complicações pós-operatórias. Os fatores relacionados à maior ocorrência de IRA em pacientes cirróticos submetidos à cirurgia de hérnia são o MELD inicial, creatinina basal, creatinina pós-operatória inicial. O preparo de pacientes cirróticos com hérnia abdominal antes de procedimentos cirúrgicos deve ocorrer sistematicamente, pois apresentam alta incidência de IRA pós-operatória.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Abdominal , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Abdomen , Liver Cirrhosis/complications
8.
Clinics ; 76: e2184, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153968

ABSTRACT

Non-tumoral portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in liver transplantation (LT). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of PVT in LT outcomes and analyze the types of surgical techniques used for dealing with PVT during LT. A systematic review was conducted in Cochrane, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases, selecting articles from January 1990 to December 2019. The MESH-terms used were ("Portal Vein"[Mesh] AND "Thrombosis"[Mesh] NOT "Neoplasms"[Mesh]) AND ("Liver Transplantation"[Mesh]). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendation was used, and meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager Version 5.3 software. A total of 1,638 articles were initially found: 488 in PubMed, 289 in Cochrane Library, and 861 in EMBASE, from which 27 were eventually selected for the meta-analysis. Surgery time of LT in patients with PVT was longer than in patients without LT (p<0.0001). Intraoperative red blood cell (p<0.00001), fresh frozen plasma (p=0.01), and platelets (p=0.03) transfusions during LT were higher in patients with PVT. One-year (odds ratio [OR] 1.17; p=0.002) and 5-year (OR 1.12; p=0.01) patient survival after LT was worse in the PVT group. Total occlusive PVT presented higher mortality (OR 3.70; p=0.00009) and rethrombosis rates (OR 3.47 [1.18-10.21]; p=0.02). PVT Yerdel III/IV classification exhibited worse 1-year [2.04 (1.21-3.42); p=0.007] and 5-year [0.98 (0.59-1.62); p=0.93] patient survival. Thrombectomy with primary anastomosis was associated with better outcomes. LT in patients with non-tumoral PVT demands more surgical time, needs more intraoperative transfusion, and presents worse 1- and 5-year patient survival. Total occlusive PVT and Yerdel III/IV PVT classification were associated with higher mortality. (PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42020132915).


Subject(s)
Humans , Liver Transplantation , Venous Thrombosis , Portal Vein/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Thrombectomy , Liver Cirrhosis
10.
Clinics ; 75: e1983, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133389

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) rapidly progresses to severe acute respiratory syndrome. This review aimed at collating available data on COVID-19 infection in solid organ transplantation (SOT) patients. We performed a systematic review of SOT patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The MEDLINE and PubMed databases were electronically searched and updated until April 20, 2020. The MeSH terms used were "COVID-19" AND "Transplant." Thirty-nine COVID-19 cases were reported among SOT patients. The median interval for developing SARS-CoV-2 infection was 4 years since transplantation, and the fatality rate was 25.64% (10/39). Sixteen cases were described in liver transplant (LT) patients, and the median interval since transplantation was 5 years. The fatality rate among LT patients was 37.5% (6/16), with death occurring more than 3 years after LT. The youngest patient who died was 59 years old; there were no deaths among children. Twenty-three cases were described in kidney transplant (KT) patients. The median interval since transplantation was 4 years, and the fatality rate was 17.4% (4/23). The youngest patient who died was 71 years old. Among all transplant patients, COVID-19 had the highest fatality rate in patients older than 60 years : LT, 62.5% vs 12.5% (p=0.006); KT 44.44% vs 0 (p=0.039); and SOT, 52.94% vs 4.54% (p=0.001). This study presents a novel description of COVID-19 in abdominal SOT recipients. Furthermore, we alert medical professionals to the higher fatality risk in patients older than 60 years. (PROSPERO, registration number=CRD42020181299)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Betacoronavirus , Kidney Transplantation/mortality , Liver Transplantation/mortality , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19
11.
Clinics ; 73: e49, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952783

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The number of pancreatic transplants has decreased in recent years. Pancreatic grafts have been underutilized compared to other solid grafts. One cause of discard is the macroscopic appearance of the pancreas, especially the presence of fatty infiltration. The current research is aimed at understanding any graft-related association between fatty tissue infiltration of the pancreas and liver steatosis. METHODS: From August 2013 to August 2014, a prospective cross-sectional clinical study using data from 54 multiple deceased donor organs was performed. RESULTS: Micro- and macroscopic liver steatosis were significantly correlated with the donor body mass index ([BMI]; p=0.029 and p=0.006, respectively). Positive gamma associations between pancreatic and liver macroscopic and microscopic findings (0.98; confidence interval [CI]: 0.95-1 and 0.52; CI 0.04-1, respectively) were observed. Furthermore, comparisons of liver microscopy findings showed significant differences between severe versus absent (p<0.001), severe versus mild (p<0.001), and severe versus moderate classifications (p<0.001). The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.94 for the diagnosis of steatosis by BMI evaluation using a cut-off BMI of 27.5 kg/m2, which yielded 100% sensitivity, 87% specificity, and 100% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a positive association of macroscopic and microscopic histopathological findings in steatotic livers with adipose infiltration of pancreatic grafts.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Pancreas/pathology , Adipose Tissue/pathology , Fatty Liver/pathology , Liver/pathology , Tissue Donors/statistics & numerical data , Biopsy , Body Mass Index , Adipose Tissue/transplantation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Pancreas Transplantation , Area Under Curve , Parenchymal Tissue/pathology , Liver/ultrastructure
12.
Biota Neotrop. (Online, Ed. ingl.) ; 18(1): e20170430, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951138

ABSTRACT

Abstract Marinheiros is the largest island of the estuarine archipelago of Patos lagoon and is considered an area of biological relevance in the coastal region of the extreme south of Brazil. Aiming to contribute to the knowledge on the biodiversity of this important area, we conducted an ichthyofaunistic inventory in the limnic environments of the island. Twenty-seven field trips were performed between April 2015 and May 2017. A total of 12 sites representative of habitats of an intermittent shallow lagoon, intermittent pools and a perennial artificial channel were sampled. Sampling of 2,436 specimens revealed the occurrence of 30 species, including the non-native piscivorous Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro. Characiformes was the most diverse order (18 species), followed by Cichliformes (four species) and Cyprinodontiformes (three species). Characiformes was also the most numerically abundant order (77%) followed by Cichliformes (17.6%) and Cyprinodontiformes (5.1%). The species richness recorded in Marinheiros Island is is comparable to the richness observed for lotic systems of southernmost Brazilian coastal plain. The fish assemblage is composed mainly of species of limnic habits whereas few taxa of estuarine-marine-limnic and estuarine-limnic habits were recorded. In view of the presence of allochtonous A. pantaneiro and its potential to impact native species, monitoring is recommended to the ichthyofauna of Marinheiros Island and the other estuarine islands, as well as peninsular systems connected to Patos lagoon estuary.


Resumo Marinheiros é a maior ilha do arquipélago estuarino da Lagoa dos Patos e é considerada uma área de relevância biológica na região costeira do extremo sul do Brasil. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento sobre a biodiversidade desta importante área, realizamos um inventário ictiofaunístico nos ambientes limnicos da ilha. Vinte e sete visitas foram realizadas entre abril de 2015 e maio de 2017. Um total de 12 locais representativos dos habitats de uma lagoa rasa intermitente, poções intermitentes e um canal artificial perene foram amostrados. A amostragem de 2.436 espécimes revelou a ocorrência de 30 espécies, incluindo o piscívoro não-nativo Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro. Characiformes foi a ordem mais diversa (18 espécies), seguido por Cichliformes (quatro espécies) e Cyprinodontiformes (três espécies). Characiformes foi também a ordem mais numericamente abundante (77%), seguida po Cichliformes (17,6%) e Cyprinodontiformes (5,1%). A riqueza de espécies registrada na Ilha dos Marinheiros é comparável à riqueza observada para sistemas lóticos da planície costeira do extremo sul do Brasil. A assembleia de peixes é composta principalmente por espécies de hábitos límnicos, enquanto que poucos taxa de hábitos estuarino-marinho-límnico e estuarino-límnico foram registrados. Em vista da presença do alóctono A. pantaneiro e seu potencial para impactar espécies nativas, é recomendado o monitoramento da ictiofauna da Ilha dos Marinheiros e de outras ilhas estuarinas, bem como dos sistemas peninsulares conectados ao estuário da Lagoa dos Patos.

13.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(1): 38-41, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837572

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Computed tomography volumetry (CTV) is a useful tool for predicting graft weights (GW) for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Few studies have examined the correlation between CTV and GW in normal liver parenchyma. Aim: To analyze the correlation between CTV and GW in an adult LDLT population and provide a systematic review of the existing mathematical models to calculate partial liver graft weight. Methods: Between January 2009 and January 2013, 28 consecutive donors undergoing right hepatectomy for LDLT were retrospectively reviewed. All grafts were perfused with HTK solution. Estimated graft volume was estimated by CTV and these values were compared to the actual graft weight, which was measured after liver harvesting and perfusion. Results: Median actual GW was 782.5 g, averaged 791.43±136 g and ranged from 520-1185 g. Median estimated graft volume was 927.5 ml, averaged 944.86±200.74 ml and ranged from 600-1477 ml. Linear regression of estimated graft volume and actual GW was significantly linear (GW=0.82 estimated graft volume, r2=0.98, slope=0.47, standard deviation of 0.024 and p<0.0001). Spearman Linear correlation was 0.65 with 95% CI of 0.45 - 0.99 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The one-to-one rule did not applied in patients with normal liver parenchyma. A better estimation of graft weight could be reached by multiplying estimated graft volume by 0.82.


RESUMO Racional: A volumetria por tomografia computadorizada (VTC) é uma ferramenta útil para a previsão do peso do enxerto (PE) para o transplante hepático com doador vivo (TFDV). Poucos estudos examinaram a correlação entre o VTC e PE no parênquima hepático normal. Objetivo: Analisar a correlação entre VTC e PE em uma população adulta de doadores para o TFDV e realização de revisão sistemática dos modelos matemáticos existentes para calcular o peso de enxertos hepáticos parciais. Métodos: Foram revisados retrospectivamente 28 doadores consecutivos submetidos à hepatectomia direita para o TFDV entre janeiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2013. Todos os doadores eram adultos saudáveis ​​com VTC pré-operatório. Os enxertos foram perfundidos com solução de preservação HTK. O volume estimado foi obtido por VTC e estes valores foram comparados com o peso real do enxerto, o qual foi aferido depois da hepatectomia e perfusão do enxerto. Resultados: A mediana do PE real foi de 782,5 g, média de 791,43±136 g, variando de 520-1185 g. A mediana do volume estimado do enxerto foi de 927,5 ml, média de 944,86±200,74 ml e variou de 600-1477 ml. A regressão linear volume estimado do enxerto e PE real foi significativamente linear (PE=0.82 do volume estimado do enxerto, r2=0,98, declive=0,47, desvio-padrão de 0,024 e p<0,0001). Correlação linear de Spearman foi de 0,65, com IC de 95% do 0,45-0,99 (p<0,0001). Conclusão: A regra de "um-para-um" não deve ser empregada em pacientes com parênquima hepático normal. A melhor estimativa do peso do enxerto hepático de doador vivo pode ser alcançado através da multiplicação do VTC por 0,82.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Preoperative Care , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Liver Transplantation , Liver/anatomy & histology , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Organ Size , Retrospective Studies , Living Donors , Models, Theoretical
14.
Cad. saúde colet., (Rio J.) ; 24(4): 496-501, out.-dez. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039435

ABSTRACT

Resumo Introdução O sistema de bomba de infusão contínua de insulina (SIC) é uma alternativa à aplicação múltipla diária de insulina por pacientes diabéticos. Embora apresente inúmeras vantagens, a sua disponibilidade no sistema público de saúde ainda é muito baixa. Esse trabalho objetivou identificar práticas e experiências de secretarias e organizações de saúde quanto à utilização do SIC. Método Foram aplicados questionários às secretarias de saúde dos Estados brasileiros (SES) e às organizações internacionais de avaliação de tecnologias em saúde (ATS). Resultados A maioria das SES (83%) tem recebido demandas judiciais, com um aumento de uso do SIC nos últimos cinco anos. As organizações internacionais informaram que, em 47% dos países pesquisados, o SIC é disponibilizado à população pelo governo por meio do sistema de saúde público. Conclusão O uso do SIC resulta em vários benefícios, contudo está atrelado a um custo adicional anual de cerca de R$9.500,00 por paciente. Portanto é evidente a necessidade de se realizar estudos para avaliar a incorporação do SIC e seu impacto orçamentário no sistema de saúde brasileiro, além de definir em quais circunstâncias ele será disponibilizado à população.


Abstract Introduction The Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion pump system (CSII) is an alternative to multiple daily administration of insulin in diabetic patients. Although it has many advantages, its availability in the public health system is still very low. This study aimed to identify practices and experiences of health departments and organizations on the use of CSII. Method Questionnaires were applied to Brazilian Health Departments of the States (SES) and international organizations for health technologies evaluation. Results Most of the SES (83%) have received lawsuits and the use of CSII has increased in the last 5 years. International organizations reported that in 47% of countries, the CSII is available to patients through the public health system. Conclusion The use of CSII brings several benefits, but also a high annual additional cost of approximately R$ 9,500 per patient. Therefore, there is an evident need to conduct studies assessing the incorporation of CSII, its budgetary impact in the Brazilian health system, and the definition of which circumstances this will be made available to the population.

15.
An. bras. dermatol ; 91(5,supl.1): 131-133, Sept.-Oct. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837942

ABSTRACT

Abstract Porokeratosis represents a group of disorders of epidermal keratinization that are characterized by one or more annular plaques surrounded by a histologically distinctive hyperkeratotic ridge-like border called the cornoid lamella. Many studies showed that organ transplantation and immunosuppression were associated in a significant number of cases. Furthermore, an association with squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma has been noted in all variants of porokeratosis. The rarity of this disorder and its atypical clinical presentation – a single lesion on the thumb of an HIV-positive male patient – motivated this report.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/pathology , Porokeratosis/pathology , Porokeratosis/virology , Immunocompetence , Skin Transplantation , Treatment Outcome , Porokeratosis/surgery , Epidermis/pathology
16.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 28(3): 212-215, July-Sept. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762827

ABSTRACT

Introduction:Late acute rejection leads to worse patient and graft survival after liver transplantation.Aim:To analyze the reported results published in recent years by leading transplant centers in evaluating late acute rejection and update the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of liver transplantation. Method:Systematic literature review through Medline-PubMed database with headings related to late acute rejection in articles published until November 2013 was done. Were analyzed demographics, immunosuppression, rejection, infection and graft and patient survival rates. Results:Late acute rejection in liver transplantation showed poor results mainly regarding patient and graft survival. Almost all of these cohort studies were retrospective and descriptive. The incidence of late acute rejection varied from 7-40% in these studies. Late acute rejection was one cause for graft loss and resulted in different outcomes with worse patient and graft survival after liver transplant. Late acute rejection has been variably defined and may be a cause of chronic rejection with worse prognosis. Late acute rejection occurs during a period in which the goal is to maintain lower immunosuppression after liver transplantation. Conclusion:The current articles show the importance of late acute rejection. The real benefit is based on early diagnosis and adequate treatment at the onset until late follow up after liver transplantation.


RESUMO Introdução:A rejeição aguda tardia apresenta resultados com pior sobrevida do paciente e do enxerto após o transplante de fígado.Objetivo:Analisar os resultados publicados na literatura nos últimos anos pelos principais centros de transplante sobre o tema rejeição aguda tardia para atualização analisando suas manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico e tratamento. Método:Foi realizado uma revisão sistemática da literatura, utilizando o banco de dados PubMed/Medline com os descritores relacionados à rejeição aguda tardia nos artigos publicados até novembro de 2013. Foram analisados dados demográficos, imunossupressão, rejeição, infecção, bem como as taxas de sobrevida do enxerto e do paciente. Resultados:A rejeição aguda tardia no pós transplante de fígado mostra pior resultado na sobrevida do enxerto e do paciente. A grande maioria dos estudos foram coortes retrospectivas e descritivas. A incidência de rejeição aguda tardia variou de 7-40% a partir destes estudos. A rejeição aguda tardia é uma das causas de perda do enxerto. Rejeição aguda tardia tem sua definição variável definida em relação ao tempo. Sua evolução apresenta resultado diferente em relação à sobrevida do enxerto, podendo evoluir para rejeição crônica, apresentando pior prognóstico. A rejeição aguda tardia está presente no momento em que se tende a manter menor imunossupressão, alguns meses depois transplante. Conclusão:Os artigos atuais mostram a importância da rejeição aguda tardia. O benefício real está no diagnóstico precoce e no tratamento adequado durante o episódio e no seguimento tardio após transplante de fígado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Graft Rejection , Liver Transplantation , Acute Disease , Graft Rejection/diagnosis , Graft Rejection/therapy , Time Factors
17.
Ciênc. rural ; 45(9): 1674-1680, set. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756423

ABSTRACT

Foram avaliados os efeitos da inclusão de grãos de girassol ou gordura protegida na dieta e da restrição e realimentação sobre a área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea, a composição centesimal, o teor de colesterol e a composição em ácidos graxos da gordura intramuscular do Longissimus lumborum de cordeiros, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (3 dietas x 2 manejos de alimentação). O colesterol da gordura intramuscular de cordeiros alimentados com a dieta contendo gordura protegida (28,5mg 100 g-1) foi menor (P<0,05) que o do controle (36,8mg 100g-1) e grãos de girassol (38,1mg 100g-1). O manejo de restrição alimentar e realimentação não modificaram (P>0,05) o perfil dos ácidos graxos, porém foi detectado que a dieta contendo grãos de girassol elevou (P<0,05) a razão polinsaturado/saturado, provavelmente pela superioridade (P<0,05) de 20% na proporção de polinsaturados, reflexo direto do aumento na concentração do ácido linoleico. A inclusão de fontes lipídicas na dieta de ovinos é ferramenta que contribui para melhorar a qualidade da gordura intramuscular de cordeiros confinados, considerando que a gordura protegida reduz o teor de colesterol e que os grãos de girassol aumentam a concentração de ácidos graxos polinsaturados. O manejo de alimentação com período de restrição e realimentação não altera a composição centesimal e a qualidade da gordura intramuscular.

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It was evaluated the effects of sunflower grains inclusion or protected fat in the diet and compensatory growth on the loin eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, chemical composition, cholesterol concentration and fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat of Longissimus lumborum of lambs distributed in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme (3 diets x 2 feeding management). Intramuscular cholesterol from lambs fed with diet containing protected fat (28.5mg 100g-1) was lower (P<0.05) than that of the control (36.8mg 100g-1) and sunflower grains (38.1mg 100g-1). The restriction and refeeding didn't cause change (P>0.05) in the fatty acids profile, but diet containing sunflower grains increased polyunsaturated/saturated ratio due to(P<0.05) the superiority of 20% in the proportion of polyunsaturated, reflecting directly the increase in linoleic acid. Inclusion of lipid sources in the diet of feedlot sheep is a tool that helps to improve the quality of intramuscular fat of lambs, whereas the protected fat reduces cholesterol and sunflower grains elevates the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Feeding restriction and refeeding period does not alter the chemical composition and quality of intramuscular fat.

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18.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 28(2): 136-138, Apr-Jun/2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751838

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acute liver failure is associated with a high mortality rate and the main purposes of treatment are to prevent cerebral edema and infections, which often are responsible for patient death. The orthotopic liver transplantation is the gold standard treatment and improves the 1-year survival. AIM: To describe an alternative technique to auxiliary liver transplant on acute liver failure. METHOD: Was performed whole auxiliary liver transplantation as an alternative technique for a partial auxiliary liver transplantation using a whole liver graft from a child removing the native right liver performed a right hepatectomy. The patient met the O´Grady´s criteria and the rational to indicate an auxiliary orthotopic liver transplantation was the acute classification without hemodynamic instability or renal failure in a patient with deterioration in consciousness. RESULTS: The procedure improved liver function and decreased intracranial hypertension in the postoperative period. CONCLUSION: This technique can overcome some postoperative complications that are associated with partial grafts. As far as is known, this is the first case of auxiliary orthotopic liver transplantation in Brazil. .


RACIONAL: A insuficiência hepática aguda está associada à alta taxa de mortalidade e os principais efeitos do tratamento são para evitar o edema cerebral e as infecções, que muitas vezes são responsáveis pela morte do paciente. O transplante hepático é o tratamento padrão-ouro e melhora a sobrevida de um ano. OBJETIVO: Descrever uma técnica alternativa para transplante de fígado auxiliar na insuficiência hepática aguda. MÉTODO: Transplante de fígado auxiliar devido à insuficiência hepática fulminante pela infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B. O paciente preencheu os critérios O´Grady e o racional para indicar o transplante de fígado auxiliar foi a hepatite aguda sem instabilidade hemodinâmica ou insuficiência renal em um paciente com deterioração da consciência. Foi realizado o transplante auxiliar de fígado com enxerto inteiro com uma técnica alternativa para transplante auxiliar parcial de fígado. RESULTADOS: O procedimento demonstrou melhora da função hepática e diminuição da hipertensão intracraniana no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: Esta técnica é viável e pode superar algumas complicações pós-operatórias que estão associadas com enxertos parciais. Tanto quanto sabemos, este é o primeiro caso de transplante de fígado auxiliar descrito no Brasil. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Liver Failure, Acute/surgery , Liver Transplantation/methods
19.
Clinics ; 69(11): 745-749, 11/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-731110

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Orthotopic liver transplantation has improved survival in patients with end-stage liver disease; however, therapeutic strategies that achieve ideal immunosuppression and avoid early complications are lacking. To correlate the dose and level of Tacrolimus with early complications, e.g., rejection, infection and renal impairment, after liver transplantation. From November 2011 to May 2013, 44 adult liver transplant recipients were studied in this retrospective comparative study. RESULTS: The most frequent indication for liver transplantation was hepatitis C cirrhosis (47.7%), with a higher prevalence observed in male patients (68.18%). The ages of the subjects ranged from 19-71 and the median age was 55.5 years. The mean length of the hospital stay was 16.1±9.32 days and the mean Model for End-stage Liver Disease score was 26.18±4.28. There were five cases of acute cellular rejection (11.37%) and 16 cases of infection (36.37%). The blood samples that were collected and analyzed over time showed a significant correlation between the Tacrolimus blood level and the deterioration of glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine (p<0.05). Patients with infections had a higher serum level of Tacrolimus (p = 0.012). The dose and presence of rejection were significantly different (p = 0.048) and the mean glomerular filtration rate was impaired in patients who underwent rejection compared with patients who did not undergo rejection (p = 0.0084). CONCLUSION: Blood Tacrolimus levels greater than 10 ng/ml were correlated with impaired renal function. Doses greater than 0.15 mg/kg/day were associated with the prevention of acute cellular rejection but predisposed patients to infectious disease. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Liver Transplantation , Tacrolimus/adverse effects , Creatinine/blood , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Graft Rejection/etiology , Graft Rejection/prevention & control , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/blood , Length of Stay , Renal Insufficiency/etiology , Renal Insufficiency/prevention & control , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Tacrolimus/blood
20.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 27(3): 201-203, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720381

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is performed at large transplant centers worldwide as a therapeutic intervention for patients with end-stage liver diseases. AIM: To analyze the outcomes and incidence of liver transplantation performed at the University of São Paulo and to compare those with the State of São Paulo before and after adoption of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. METHOD: Evaluation of the number of liver transplantations before and after adoption of the MELD score. Mean values and standard deviations were used to analyze normally distributed variables. The incidence results were compared with those of the State of São Paulo. RESULTS: There was a high prevalence of male patients, with a predominance of middle-aged. The main indication for liver transplantation was hepatitis C cirrhosis. The mean and median survival rates and overall survival over ten and five years were similar between the groups (p>0.05). The MELD score increased over the course of the study period for patients who underwent liver transplantation (p>0.05). There were an increased number of liver transplants after adoption of the MELD score at this institution and in the State of São Paulo (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The adoption of the MELD score led to increase the number of liver transplants performed in São Paulo. .


RACIONAL: O transplante de fígado é realizado em grandes centros de transplante em todo o mundo como intervenção terapêutica para pacientes com doenças do fígado em fase terminal. OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados e incidência de transplante de fígado realizado na Universidade de São Paulo e comparar com a do Estado de São Paulo antes e depois da adoção do Modelo para Doença Hepática Estágio Terminal (MELD). MÉTODO: Avaliação do número de transplantes de fígado antes e depois da adoção do escore MELD. Os valores médios e desvios-padrão foram utilizados para analisar variáveis ​​normalmente distribuídas. Os resultados de incidência foram comparados com os do Estado de São Paulo. RESULTADOS: Houve alta prevalência de homens, com predomínio na meia-idade. A principal indicação para o transplante de fígado foi cirrose por hepatite C. A média e as taxas de sobrevivência mediana e sobrevida global em dez e cinco anos, foram semelhantes entre os grupos (p>0,05). A pontuação MELD aumentou ao longo do período de estudo para os pacientes que se submeteram ao transplante de fígado (p>0,05). Houve aumento do número de transplantes de fígado após a adoção do escore MELD na Universidade de São Paulo e no Estado de São Paulo (p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A adoção da pontuação MELD levou ao aumento do número de transplantes de fígado realizados em São Paulo. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , End Stage Liver Disease/surgery , Liver Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Models, Statistical , Retrospective Studies
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