ABSTRACT
Teamwork skills are considered essential for personal, academic and professional achievement, so universities are increasingly integrating them into their syllabuses. However, little is known about how some specific features of students and their educational development can affect their acquisition. Accordingly, this study aims to fill this gap and describe higher education students' mastery of teamwork skills and its relation to certain socio-academic variables (gender, academic year and grade point average—GPA). With the aim of determining the level of teamwork skills among university students, an observational, transversal descriptive study was designed with an intentional sample of Spanish university students. The sample is made up of 615 social science degree students. The results suggest significant gender differences, highlighting that female students outdid their male counterparts in most teamwork skills, except leadership. Likewise, students' skills improved as they progressed in their studies, particularly those skills related to adaptability and decision-making. Finally, a positive relationship was observed between teamwork skills and GPA, except for interpersonal development. A regression analysis confirmed the influence of both academic year and GPA for women whilst no effect was detected in the case of men. Based on these results, it is suggested to make changes in university education programmes to compensate for the influence of socio-academic factors and benefit from the most positive features of each gender regarding teamwork to achieve an equal and fair higher education. (AU)
Subject(s)
Students/psychology , Cooperative Behavior , Social Skills , Spain , Universities , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Academic PerformanceABSTRACT
The role of emotions in the educational context is one of the lines of research that has generated most interest in recent years. This study explores the level of emotional intelligence (EI) and motivation towards studying of primary school (PS) students, as well as the relationship between both variables. For this, a quasi-experimental design has been used with an accidental sample of 541 students from public centers in the province of Pontevedra (Spain). The instruments used were a School Motivation Scale and an EI questionnaire for primary school students, based on the five areas of Goleman EI. The results maintain a mid to high level of EI in all of the factors (self-conscience, self-control, emotional use, empathy and social skills) and a good level of academic motivation. Therefore, they show a positive and significant correlation of both variables. Girls have a higher emotional intelligence index and there is no difference in academic motivation in terms of gender. Based on these results, it is suggested to implement programs that consolidate emotional competences given their importance in the psychoevolutionary development of students and their relationship with academic motivation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Students/psychology , Education, Primary and Secondary , Emotional Intelligence , Motivation , Spain , Sex Factors , Age Factors , Educational StatusABSTRACT
Resumen El aumento de enfermedades transmisibles justifica la necesidad de verificar la eficacia no farmacológica de los tratamientos alternativos. La música promueve las interacciones sociales y el trabajo en grupo, ayuda en varios aspectos del aprendizaje humano, la emoción y la memoria, y puede convertirse en una herramienta terapéutica complementaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evidencia de la eficacia de la musicoterapia como tratamiento no farmacológico mediante un diseño descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando como parámetros de búsqueda: "musicoterapia" o "programas musicales" y "salud" en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos que los programas de intervención que utilizan la música como tratamiento coadyuvante no farmacológico en enfermedades no transmisibles ofrecen resultados positivos y significativos sobre la mejora de las patologías en las que interviene. A partir de estos resultados, sería importante ampliar la formación de los profesionales de la salud en la aplicación de técnicas basadas en el arte y específicamente en la musicoterapia.
Resumo O aumento das doenças transmissíveis justifica a necessidade de verificar a eficácia não farmacológica de tratamentos alternativos. A música promove interações sociais e trabalho em grupo, auxilia em vários aspectos da aprendizagem humana, emoção e memória, e pode se tornar uma ferramenta terapêutica complementar. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a eficácia da musicoterapia como tratamento não farmacológico por meio de um desenho descritivo retrospectivo utilizando como parâmetros de busca: "musicoterapia" ou "programas de música" e "saúde" nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos que os programas de intervenção que utilizam a música como coadjuvante não farmacológico nas doenças não transmissíveis oferecem resultados positivos e significativos na melhora das patologias em que intervém. Com base nesses resultados, seria importante ampliar a formação dos profissionais de saúde na aplicação de técnicas baseadas na arte e especificamente na musicoterapia.
Abstract The increase in communicable diseases justifies the need to verify the non-pharmacological efficacy of alternative treatments. Music promotes social interactions and group work, helps in various aspects of human learning, emotion, and memory, and can become a complementary therapeutic tool. This study aimed to analyse the efficacy of music therapy as a non-pharmacological treatment through a retrospective descriptive design using as search parameters: "music therapy" or "music programs" and "health" in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Among the main results, we highlight that the intervention programs that use music as an adjunctive non-pharmacological treatment in non-communicable diseases offer positive and significant results on the improvement of the pathologies in which it intervenes. Based on these results, it would be important to expand the training of health professionals in the application of techniques based on art and specifically in music therapy.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El aumento de enfermedades transmisibles justifica la necesidad de verificar la eficacia no farmacológica de los tratamientos alternativos. La música promueve las interacciones sociales y el trabajo en grupo, ayuda en varios aspectos del aprendizaje humano, la emoción y la memoria, y puede convertirse en una herramienta terapéutica complementaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evidencia de la eficacia de la musicoterapia como tratamiento no farmacológico mediante un diseño descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando como parámetros de búsqueda: "musicoterapia" o "programas musicales" y "salud" en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos que los programas de intervención que utilizan la música como tratamiento coadyuvante no farmacológico en enfermedades no transmisibles ofrecen resultados positivos y significativos sobre la mejora de las patologías en las que interviene. A partir de estos resultados, sería importante ampliar la formación de los profesionales de la salud en la aplicación de técnicas basadas en el arte y específicamente en la musicoterapia.
Resumo O aumento das doenças transmissíveis justifica a necessidade de verificar a eficácia não farmacológica de tratamentos alternativos. A música promove interações sociais e trabalho em grupo, auxilia em vários aspectos da aprendizagem humana, emoção e memória, e pode se tornar uma ferramenta terapêutica complementar. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a eficácia da musicoterapia como tratamento não farmacológico por meio de um desenho descritivo retrospectivo utilizando como parâmetros de busca: "musicoterapia" ou "programas de música" e "saúde" nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos que os programas de intervenção que utilizam a música como coadjuvante não farmacológico nas doenças não transmissíveis oferecem resultados positivos e significativos na melhora das patologias em que intervém. Com base nesses resultados, seria importante ampliar a formação dos profissionais de saúde na aplicação de técnicas baseadas na arte e especificamente na musicoterapia.
Abstract The increase in communicable diseases justifies the need to verify the non-pharmacological efficacy of alternative treatments. Music promotes social interactions and group work, helps in various aspects of human learning, emotion, and memory, and can become a complementary therapeutic tool. This study aimed to analyse the efficacy of music therapy as a non-pharmacological treatment through a retrospective descriptive design using as search parameters: "music therapy" or "music programs" and "health" in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Among the main results, we highlight that the intervention programs that use music as an adjunctive non-pharmacological treatment in non-communicable diseases offer positive and significant results on the improvement of the pathologies in which it intervenes. Based on these results, it would be important to expand the training of health professionals in the application of techniques based on art and specifically in music therapy.
ABSTRACT
Resumen En el presente trabajo se analizan los beneficios de un programa grupal de tratamiento no farmacológico realizado por la Asociación Española contra el Cáncer en Galicia (España). Se analizaron 14 ediciones del programa en las que participaron 361 mujeres con cáncer de edades comprendidas entre los 33 y los 82 años. Se adoptó un diseño descriptivo de carácter etnográfico triangulando las técnicas de análisis y las fuentes de recogida de datos por medio de un cuestionario de satisfacción, 32 entrevistas en profundidad y un grupo de discusión con profesionales. Los resultados apoyan la idea de que el programa grupal analizado ha conseguido un elevado grado de satisfacción entre las mujeres participantes en todas las ediciones, ha favorecido la aceptación y el afrontamiento positivo de la enfermedad, aumentado los conocimientos y las habilidades para resolver los problemas relacionados con el proceso, así como promovido las relaciones sociales, la participación en la comunidad y el apoyo social. Desde el punto de vista práctico y profesional, nuestro estudio evidencia la importancia de diseñar e implementar programas grupales desde el ámbito psicosocial y con carácter interdisciplinar que permitan mejorar las estrategias de afrontamiento y el apoyo en poblaciones de mujeres diagnosticadas de cáncer.
Abstract The study aims to determine the benefits of a non-pharmacological treatment and communitarian program carried out by the Spanish Association against Cancer in Galicia (Spain). The total of 14 editions of the program were analyzed in which 361 women with cancer between the ages of 32 and 84 participated. A descriptive ethnographic design was adopted, triangulating the analysis techniques and data collection sources using a satisfaction questionnaire, 32 in-depth interviews and a discussion group with professionals. The results support the idea that the group program analyzed has achieved a high degree of satisfaction among women participating in all editions, has favored the acceptance and positive coping with disease, increased knowledge and skills to solve related problems with the process, as well as promoted social relations, participation in the community and social support. From the practical and professional point of view, our research shows the importance of designing and implementing group programs from the psychosocial and interdisciplinary field that allow improving coping strategies and support in populations of women diagnosed with cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Risk Groups , Complementary Therapies , Women's Health , Qualitative Research , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
El presente artículo muestra el proceso seguido para diseñar e identificar las propiedades psicométricas de un cuestionario para evaluar la atención a la diversidad en centros educativos de primaria (CUADIVER), construido a partir de una metodología mixta. La primera fase de corte cualitativo (grupos focales) revela en su discurso (Aquad 5.0) un predominio de aspectos desfavorables (63.8%) frente a los favorables (36.2%) en la atención al alumnado diverso. En la fase cuantitativa, participaron 140 jefes de los departamentos de orientación de educación primaria, lo que representa un 61,14% de la población total (N = 229). Para su fiabilidad se calculó el Alfa de Cronbach obteniendo un índice muy aceptable .92 y el Método de las dos Mitades que presenta una correlación de .91 (ítems pares) y .82 (ítems impares). La solución factorial reprodujo la distribución de los ítems del cuestionario en el marco teórico, práctico y valorativo. Los resultados legitiman el CUADIVER como un instrumento de prestaciones psicométricas muy satisfactorias, que unido a sus propiedades de comprensibilidad y aceptación, lo convierten en una herramienta eficaz en la exploración y valoración de la atención a la diversidad en los centros educativos...
This article shows the process taken to design and identify the psychometric properties of a questionnaire (CUADIVER) developed from a mixed methodology to evaluate the situation of the attention given to diversity in primary education centers. In the first phase of the qualitative research the focal group shows us in its speech (Aquad 5.0) the predominance of unfavorable aspects (63.8%) against favorable ones (36.2%) in the attention given to diverse students. In the quantitative phase, 140 heads of orientation departments of primary education participated in the study, representing 61.14% of the total population (N = 229). Cronbach Alpha was calculated for its reliability obtaining a very acceptable index (.92). The Method of Two Halves was also applied and presented a correlation of .91 (even items) and .82 (odd items). The factorial solution reproduced the distribution of the items in theoretical, practical and assessment frameworks. The results legitimize CUADIVER as an instrument of very satisfactory psychometric benefits that joined to its properties of understandability and acceptance turns it into an effective tool in the development and assessment of attention given to diversity in education centers and schools...