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Braz. dent. j ; 17(4): 310-316, 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-442399

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the microbiological conditions of root canals, using smears and culture from anterior teeth and premolars with necrotic pulps associated with chronic periapical pathologies, before and after biomechanical preparation (BMP). During double-flared instrumentation, 1, 2.5 and 5 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-based irrigants were used in 3 groups: GI (n=39), GII (n=36) and GIII (n=36), respectively. Before BMP, all cultures were positive and the smears showed microbiologically diverse morphotypes, including fusiforms, pleomorphic, rods, cocci and filaments. Quantitetively, 20, 20 and 23 morphotypes were identified in GI, GII and GIII, respectively). After BMP, the percentages of negative cultures in GI, GII and GIII were 74.2 percent, 86.3 percent and 93.4 percent (p>0.05) and the number of morphotypes decreased to 14, 15 and 5, respectively. All teeth with 2 root canals and/or associated fistulas were microbiologically negative after BMP, regardless of irrigant concentration. Gram-negative morphotypes were more susceptible to the action of irrigants. After irrigation with 5 percent NaOCl, only structural arrangements consisting of Gram-positive cocci and bacilli persisted. Thus, BMP plus 5 percent NaOCl offered the best antiseptic potential because in the few positive cultures a significant reduction in the number of microbiological morphotypes was also shown (p<0.05).


Este estudo avaliou as condições microbiológicas dos canais radiculares, por meio de esfregaços e culturas de dentes anteriores e pré-molares com necrose pulpar associada à radiolucidezes periapicais, antes e após o preparo biomecânico (PBM). Utilizou-se a técnica de instrumentação biescalonada coadjuvada por soluções de hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl) a 1, 2,5 ou 5 por cento nos grupos I (n=39), II (n=36) e III (n=36), respectivamente. Antes do PBM havia 100 por cento de culturas positivas e os esfregaços proveram diversificados morfotipos microbiológicos, sendo 20, 20 e 23 nos grupos I, II e III, respectivamente. Após o PBM, o percentual de culturas negativas nos grupos I, II e III foi 74,2 por cento, 86,3 e 93,4 por cento (p>0,05) e a incidência de morfotipos declinou para 14, 15 e 5, respectivamente. Todos os dentes birradiculados e/ou portadores de fístulas apresentaram-se microbiologicamente negativos após o PBM, independentemente do irrigante utilizado. Os morfotipos Gram-negativos foram mais suscetíveis à ação do PBM. Após o PBM persistiram apenas cocos e bacilos Gram-positivos no grupo III. Portanto, o PBM coadjuvado por solução de NaOCl a 5 por cento, proporcionou o melhor desempenho anti-séptico, pois, nas poucas culturas positivas, houve também significativa redução do número de morfotipos microbiológicos (p<0.05).


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Bacteria/drug effects , Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , Root Canal Irrigants/therapeutic use , Root Canal Preparation/methods , Sodium Hypochlorite/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Biomechanical Phenomena , Bacteria/classification , Chelating Agents/therapeutic use , Dental Caries/microbiology , Dental Caries/therapy , Dental Pulp Necrosis/microbiology , Dental Pulp Necrosis/therapy , Edetic Acid/therapeutic use , Gram-Negative Bacteria/classification , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/classification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Cocci/drug effects , Oral Fistula/microbiology , Oral Fistula/therapy , Periapical Diseases/microbiology , Periapical Diseases/therapy , Root Canal Irrigants/administration & dosage , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Sodium Hypochlorite/administration & dosage
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