ABSTRACT
The prevalence of insulin resistance and risk factors for chronic diseases is not known in Colombia. The purpose of the study was of determine the association of insulin resistance and risk of chronic diseases in young, apparently healthy adults. By convenience, 97 subjects, mean age of 24 years were studied. Family and personal history, anthropometrics, lipid profile, and a short insulin tolerance test was done to each subject to identify prevalence o insulin resistance and its association with risk factors. Plasma lipids and anthropometrics were within acceptable range. Insulin sensitivity was categorized as high, border high, border low and low. Out of 97 subjects 47 had altered sensitivity. Most women (68%) were classified as border low, and most men (60%) as low. There was a difference between these two categories in waist circumference and weight. Border low and low cases had not less than 3 risk factors but the total number of factors was not different within the 4 groups. More than 50% of cases had family history of chronic diseases, sedentary life and low C-HDL. There was a negative association between insulin sensitivity and fasting Glycaemia and positive with fasting triglycerides, BMI, Waist hip ratio and weight. Results suggest a surprisingly high prevalence of risk factors in a young group associated with altered insulin sensitivity. It may be possible to identify early indicators of risk and develop appropriate strategies for prevention.
En Colombia se desconoce la prevalencia de resistencia a insulina(RI) y factores de riesgo(FR) para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles(ECNT). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar asociación entre FR de ECNT y el grado de sensibilidad a insulina (SI)I en adultos jóvenes aparentemente sanos. Se seleccionaron por conveniencia 97 sujetos (24±4.66 años), de quienes se obtuvo historia familiar y personal, antropometría, perfil lipídico y se practicó Test Corto de Tolerancia a Insulina para determinar prevalencia de RI y factores de riesgo asociados. La media del perfil lipídico y la antropometría estuvieron dentro de límites de referencia. La SI se categorizó en Alta, Media-Alta, Media-Baja y Baja, 51% de mujeres y 41% de hombres se ubicaron en los grupos de menor sensibilidad. Se encontró diferencia entre la circunferencia de cintura y peso entre sujetos con SI Baja y Media-Baja y SI Media Alta y Alta. Los grupos con Media-Baja y Baja presentaron como mínimo tres FR. Mas del 50% de los casos con antecedentes familiares de ECNT, sedentarismo, bajo C-HDL. Asociación negativa entre SI y glucosa en ayunas y positiva de triglicéridos en ayunas con el Índice de masa corporal, relación cintura cadera y peso. Los resultados muestran una presencia elevada de FR para el desarrollo de ECNT en población joven asociada a una prevalencia de disminución de la SI mayor que la reportada, permitirán proponer indicadores tempranos para detectar personas a riesgo y utilizar estrategias de prevención adecuadas.