ABSTRACT
Background: The age group of 5–17 years belongs to the vulnerable segment of the population for COVID?19 infection in India. Seroprevalence in this population can therefore allow inferences to be made about the extent of infection. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the seroprevalence and to determine the factors associated with COVID?19 antibody among children aged 5–17 years in an urban and rural area of Kochi, Kerala. Methods: A community?based cross?sectional study was undertaken in the urban and rural field practice areas of the community medicine department in a medical college, Kochi. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information about sociodemographic data, history related to COVID?19, and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody test result. Blood samples were collected and tested for the presence of COVID?19 antibodies using the Wantai test kit after attaining informed assent from the parent/guardian. Results: The seroprevalence of the COVID?19 antibody was 48.3% among participants. The seroprevalence of COVID?19 antibody was higher among children of mothers with skilled/unskilled occupation, residents of rural area, above poverty line category, those with a history of COVID?19, and those who had a history of contact with COVID?19?positive patients. Conclusion: Half of the study population were COVID antibody positive, and the rest were at risk of infection. Therefore, adherence to COVID?19 guidelines is essential to control further spread of infection among children.
ABSTRACT
Torsion of a normal ovary should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in the third trimester. Accurate diagnosis and early surgical intervention is essential to avoid fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. We herein report a case of torsion of a normal ovary alone at 31 weeks of gestation following a spontaneous conception and again torsion of right normal ovary 14 months later. We had to do oophorectomy in both instances since the ovaries were gangrenous.
ABSTRACT
Yashada bhasma (Calx of Yashada i.e. Zinc) which has its main indication in Prameha (Diabetes) and Netra vikaras (Eye disorders) was prepared according to the prescription in the Ayurvedic classics and subjected to various bhasma parikshas, including the Namburi Phased Spot Test (NPST), one of the qualitative tests described for various Ayurvedic preparations. NPST helps differentiate between, and thus identify, various bhasmas. It depends upon the pattern of the spot, which develops after a specific chemical reaction. Three market samples of Yashada bhasma, which were said to be Parada marita (incinerated using Mercury), were also subjected to the above tests and results compared. The various bhasmas exhibited marked differences in colour, and though NPST yielded desired results for all the samples, there were differences in their spot patterns and colour. The bhasma prepared in our department produced the most accurate results.
ABSTRACT
A 53-year-old male presented with a right inguinal mass of one-year duration. The fine needle aspiration of the inguinal mass showed a highly cellular tumor composed of sheets and isolated, large round to polygonal cells with moderate pleomorphism. Many bare nuclei were seen with occasional intranuclear inclusions. A provisional diagnosis of metastasis probably of testicular tumour was made. The orchidectomy showed a brown tumor replacing the entire testis and infiltrating the epididymis. The histological features showed Leydig cell tumor without Reinke crystalloids.
Subject(s)
Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Humans , Leydig Cell Tumor/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Testicular Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Teratomas of the lesser omentum are extremely rare and all cases reported in the literature have been benign teratomas with mature tissue elements. A case of teratoma, which behaved in benign fashion in spite of immature elements in a 16-year-old male, is reported. The patient remained free of disease 7 years after surgical resection of the tumour.