Splenic flexure volvulus presenting with gangrene

Volvulus of the splenic flexure is very rare cause of colonic obstruction constituting 2% of cases of colonic segmental volvulus. Primary splenic flexure volvulus [SFV] is due to congenital absence or laxity of the phrenocolic, gastro colic, and splenocolic ligaments while secondary volvulus is due to other causes including some prior surgery releasing these ligaments. A preoperative diagnosis can be established based on the characteristic radiological findings on plain x-ray abdomen and CT scan. We present a case of SFV in a young man who presented with acute abdominal pain, and distension, and illustrate the usefulness of CT scan, and plain x-ray of the abdomen in making a preoperative diagnosis. Laparotomy revealed a gangrenous SFV, which was resected and primary anastomosis was carried out. Literature is reviewed with regards to predisposing factors, presentation, investigation, and management among the more than 32 cases reported so far

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid presenting primarily as cervical lymphadenopathy: an approach to management

Papillary carcinoma of thyroid usually presents as a palpable thyroid mass. This could be associated with pain, hoarseness, stridor or dysphagia. Rarely, it presents solely as cervical lympadenopthy in the presence of an otherwise grossly normal thyroid gland. This could pose management problems. We report here a middle-aged lady who presented with cervical lymphadenopathy which on fine needle aspiration cytology was confirmed as metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. The thyroid gland was, however, normal on clinical examination and radiological investigations. Neck exploration confirmed a grossly normal thyroid gland; however, the cervical lymph node was found to invade the internal jugular vein. She underwent a total thyroidectomy and unilateral functional block dissection with resection of the involved segment of the internal jugular vein. Histopathology confirmed metastasis in the lymph node and a 2mm sized microcarcinoma in the resected thyroid gland. A radioactive iodine scan in the postoperative period revealed no other metastasis. The patient was prescribed lifelong thyroxine. She is on regular follow-up and 4 years following surgery continues to do well

Isolated agenesis of the gallbladder

We report a rare case of agenesis of the gallbladder, which was misdiagnosed as cholecystitis. This is the first reported case from the Middle East. Despite advances in biliary imaging, the diagnosis is usually made at surgery. Like most patients, our patient became asymptomatic after the surgery. Extensive dissection to exclude the presence of gallbladder in an ectopic site is discouraged