ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the conventional eye patch with Occlu?tab—a binocular open?type amblyopia training device—and evaluate their effectiveness in amblyopia treatment. Methods: In this prospective, multi?center study, 40 patients between ages 3 to 12 years, diagnosed with anisometropic amblyopia (refraction difference of both eyes ? 2 D, best?corrected visual acuity [BCVA] of the amblyopic eye ? 0.1 [logMAR]) were treated with Occlu?tab or conventional eye patch for 1 h per day thrice a week. We compared the visual acuity of both groups before and after 6, 7, and 8 weeks of amblyopia treatment. One?way repeated?measures analysis of variance and Tukey’s test were used to compare the visual acuity of both groups pre? and post?treatment. Results: Both groups had significantly improved visual acuity at 6, 7, and 8 weeks compared to that before treatment (all P < 0.001). The improvement in BCVA of the Occlu?tab group (0.33 ± 0.25) was significantly greater than that of the eye patch group (0.16 ± 0.17) after 8 weeks of treatment (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Amblyopia treatment using binocular open game training with Occlu?tab led to greater improvement in visual acuity than that with a conventional eye patch for the same treatment duration
ABSTRACT
Purpose: A study of various ocular & systemic risk factors in Retinal Vein Occulation (RVO) at Tertiary Eye Care Centre. Methods: A prospective study included 50 eyes of 50 patients, in period of September 2010 to August 2012.INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1.Age>25years, 2. All newly diagnosed cases of Vein Occlusion. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) Age<25years 2) All other ocular diseases causing significant visual impairment. A detailed history, ophthalmic & systemic examinations with all necessary investigations- as and when required were done. Results: In our study, RVOs were more common in males-26(52%) & in 56-65 years of age group -16(32%). BRVOs were more common than CRVO- Nonischemic (26%)>Ischemic (24%). In risk factors –most common was hypertension –in 38(76%) patients. Followed by descending order, Hyperlipidemia 27 (54%)> Diabetes Malitus16 (32%)> Tobacco14 (28%)>HyperHomocystinemia4 (8%)> severe Alcohol2 (4%).The complications were more in Ischemic than Nonischemic-CRVO>BRVO-they were Macular edema 43(86%)>Neovascularization at Iris-14(28%)> Neovascularization at Angle-10(20%)> Neovascular Glaucoma-4(8%). Conclusions: RVOs are more common with increasing Age, in Males & most common risk factor is Hypertensive. Most common cause for vision loss is Macular Edema- Ischemic>Non-Ischemic.
ABSTRACT
Background: A study of various ocular & systemic risk factors in Retinal Vein Occulation (RVO) at tertiary eye care centre. Methods: A prospective study included 50 eyes of 50 patients, in period of September 2010 to August 2012. Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >25 years, 2. All newly diagnosed cases of vein occlusion. Exclusion criteria: 1. Age <25 years 2. All other ocular diseases causing significant visual impairment. A detailed history, ophthalmic & systemic examinations with all necessary investigations-as and when required were done. Results: In our study, RVOs were more common in males – 26 (52%) & in 56-65 years of age group - 16 (32%). BRVO (Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion)s were more common than CRVO (Central Retinal Vein Occlusion) - Nonischemic (26%) >Ischemic (24%). In risk factors - most common was hypertension - in 38 (76%) patients. Followed by descending order, hyperlipidemia 27 (54%) >diabetes mellitus 16 (32%) >tobacco 14 (28%) >hyper homocystinemia 4 (8%) >severe alcohol 2 (4%). The complications were more in ischemic than Nonischemic-CRVO >BRVO - they were macular edema 43 (86%) >neovascularization at iris - 14 (28%) >neovascularization at angle - 10 (20%) >neovascular glaucoma – 4 (8%). Conclusion: RVOs are more common with increasing age, in males & most common risk factor is hypertensive. Most common cause for vision loss is macular edema - ischemic >non-ischemic.
ABSTRACT
Hypertension affects millions of patients worldwide. Persistent elevation affecting the arteries and veins in eye can be the most accessible to clinically detect undiagnosed hypertension. Aim: To know the incidence of retinopathy due to hypertension in both sex and various age groups. The severity of hypertension and its relation with fundus changes is observed. Material and Methods: The Study was carried out at the department of ophthalmology in Shri Guru Gobind Singh Hospital. Detailed ophthalmic evaluation including dilated fundus and systemic examination of the patient is carried out in detail. Thereafter attempt is made to correlate the Fundus findings with age, sex, past history etc. For hypertensive retinopathy Keith-Wagener-Barker Classification is used. Result: Hypertension is most common in 5th to 6th decade of life. Males are more affected than females. Male to female ratio is 1.72. Fundus changes are observed maximum in grade II (26, 44.8%) followed by Grade I(15,21.9%), Grade III(11,19%) and minimal in Grade IV(6,10.3%).With incidence of hypertensive retinopathy in different age group shows that Grade II more number of cases 26 (44.8%) in 41-50 years of age group showing 8 cases. In complication of hypertensive retinopathy, 10 cases of macular edema, 6 cases of disc edema, 1 case of central retinal vein occlusion and 1 case of branch retinal vein occlusion are found. Conclusion: Incidence of hypertensive retinopathy is increased as age is increased with maximum presentation in 5th to 6th decade of life with male dominance with male:female ratio 1.72. Hypertensive retinopathy grade II is the most common retinopathy found. Higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure was associated with more severe retinopathy. Grade-III and Grade-IV hypertensive retinopathy was maximally associated with systemic involvement.