ABSTRACT
Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women globally and represents the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Materials and methods: This study was a retrospective which constituted of 30 cases of breast cancer admitted during the period of 1 year. Investigations were done for confirmation and to know the extent of the disease. Treatment adopted after clinically evaluating and investigating. Post operatively breast with tumor and axillary lymph nodes had been sent for histopathological examination. Results: Incidence of breast carcinoma was highest in the age group of 30-40 years and 51-60 years with 61% of patient in this group. 3.56% patients presented with less than 6 months duration of symptoms. Majority of the patients presented with stage – 2 nd and stage – 3 rd diseases constituting 73% of the cases. Majority of patients suffering from carcinoma Breast were multiparous, constituting about 60% of total. The duration of the symptoms varied widely from one month to 2 years, with majority 17 patients presenting before 6 months.17 patients out of 30 were prenatal with less than 6 months duration of symptoms, constituting 56.1% of cases. 16 out of 30 patients were presented with N 1 lymph nodal metastasis constituting 60% of cases and 8 patients out of 30 were presented without N0 lymph nodal metastasis constituting 26.6%. Type of surgical treatment adopted for the patient was depending on the stage of the disease. Post operative treatment in the form of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and Tamoxifen was given for all patients except for stage – 0 and stage – 1 cancer patients. Conclusion: Good disease free survival rate and overall survival improvement neoadjuvant chemoradiation is to be followed.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Small bowel tumors are amongst the uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract. The accumulation of data regarding their clinical presentation, etc. has been difficult. Most of the symptomatic lesions and tumors detected during surgery are malignant. Aim: To observe the clinical presentations of the small bowel tumors. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study of 17 cases of small bowel tumors done in Osmania General Hospital between 1994 and 1997, included both benign and malignant tumors and both primary and secondary tumors as well. Results: These tumors were seen between 30-80 years of age. Male to female ratio of the benign and malignant small bowel tumors was1.8: 1 and 1.75:1 respectively. 65% were Incidental findings. Anemia was seen in 58.8%. 83% of benign and 90% of malignant tumors presented with pain. 47.1% of the cases were diagnosed pre-operatively and 41.2% of the cases during emergency surgery. Benign tumors constituted 35.3% and the rest were malignant. 83.3% of the benign lesions were in the jejunum and 16.6% in the duodenum. Amongst, the malignant lesions, 54.60% of them were in the duodenum, 36.3% were in the jejunum and 9% were in the lleum. Conclusion: 65% of the small bowel tumors were found incidentally. Pain, obstruction, bleeding, palpable mass were the other modes of presentation, while anorexia and weight loss were noted in only the malignant ones. High index of suspicion is required to prevent delays.