ABSTRACT
Gastric ulcers were induced in normal/NIDDM rats by various physical (2 hr cold restraint stress and 4 hr pylorus ligation) and chemical agents (ethanol, 1 ml/200 g, oral, 1 hr before; aspirin, 200 mg/kg, oral, 4 hr) and duodenal ulcers were induced by cysteamine (40 mg/200 g). Ulcer healing activity was studied in gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid (50%) and HCI (0.6 M). The result indicated that in both, normal and NIDDM rats, B. monniera extract (BME, 20-100 mg/kg) did not show any significant effect on blood glucose level, while A. indica (AIE, 250-1000 mg/kg) significantly decreased it. However, both BME (50 mg/kg) and AIE (500 mg/kg) showed significant anti-ulcer and ulcer-healing activities in normal and NIDDM rats. Further, the present results also indicated that the ulcer protective effects of BME was more pronounced in non-diabetic, while that of AIE was more in NIDDM rats. The anti-ulcer and ulcer-healing activities of BME and AIE may be due to their effects on various mucosal offensive and defensive factors, and correction of blood sugar level by AIE may help to have more ulcer protective effect in NIDDM rats.
Subject(s)
Acetic Acid/toxicity , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Aspirin/toxicity , Azadirachta/chemistry , Bacopa/chemistry , Cold Temperature , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Duodenal Ulcer/chemically induced , Ethanol/toxicity , Female , Male , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Rats , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Wound Healing/drug effectsABSTRACT
Effect of methanolic extract of P. Pinnata roots (PPRM) was studied against various experimental gastric ulcer models and offensive and defensive gastric mucosal factors in rats. An initial dose-response study using 12.5-50 mg/kg P. Pinnata root extract, when given orally in two divided dose for 4 days + 5th full dose on the day of experiment 60 min before the experiment, indicated 25 mg/kg as an optimal regimen and was used for further study. PPRM showed significant protection against aspirin and 4 hr PL, but not against ethanol-induced gastric ulceration. It showed tendency to decrease acetic acid-induced ulcer after 10 days treatment. Ulcer protective effect of PPRM was due to augmentation of mucosal defensive factors like mucin secretion, life span of mucosal cells, mucosal cell glycoproteins, cell proliferation and prevention of lipid per oxidation rather than on the offensive acid-pepsin secretion.
Subject(s)
Acetic Acid/toxicity , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/toxicity , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/toxicity , Anti-Ulcer Agents/isolation & purification , Aspirin/toxicity , Cell Division/drug effects , Ethanol/toxicity , Female , Free Radicals/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Glycoproteins/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Millettia/chemistry , Mucins/metabolism , Pepsin A/metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Roots/chemistry , Rats , Stomach Ulcer/chemically inducedABSTRACT
Satavari mandur (SM) is a herbo-mineral preparation containing Asparagus racemosus, which finds mention in ancient Indian texts for treatment of gastric ulcers. The ulcer protective effect of SM, 125-500 mg/kg given orally, twice daily for three, five and seven days, was studied on cold restraint stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The effective regimen was found to be 250 mg/kg given for five days and hence was used for further experiments. SM showed significant protection against acute gastric ulcers induced by pyloric ligation but was ineffective against aspirin- and ethanol-induced ulcers. Further, gastric juice studies showed that, SM significantly increased the mucosal defensive factors like mucus secretion, but had little or no effect on offensive factors like acid and pepsin secretion.