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Infectio ; 17(1): 28-34, ene.-mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-698776

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Se estudia la infección por Trypanosoma cruzi en mujeres embarazadas en Moniquirá y Miraflores, en Boyacá, Colombia, y la transmisión transplacentaria. Materiales y métodos: Se programó el tamizaje de 826 maternas (600 a 950) en los 2 municipios, se logró un total de 702 participantes de las cuales se procesaron 659 muestras (358 de Moniquirá y 301 de Miraflores), mediante técnicas de ELISA en papel de filtro y se confirmaron las positivas con ELISA en suero, inmunofluorescencia indirecta, hemocultivo y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Resultados: La prevalencia actual de enfermedad de Chagas en maternas es de 3,34% (22/659), 3,99% (12/301) en Miraflores y 2,79% (10/358) en Moniquirá. De 22 maternas en seguimiento, se logró obtener datos de 18 de los recién nacidos (RN), de los cuales 6 fueron positivos para las pruebas de hemocultivo. Se consideró el hemocultivo como la técnica confirmatoria de parasitemia en RN antes de 8 meses, por lo tanto, la incidencia transplacentaria global sería de 27,27% RN positivos/año (6/22). Luego del seguimiento del entorno hogar y peridomicilio, búsqueda de triatomíneos y fumigación de la vivienda, se inició tratamiento de RN con benzonidazole a razón de 5-8 mg/kg/día durante 60 días. Conclusiones: La prevalencia en maternas obtenida es superior a los reportes en Chile y Brasil; pero inferiores a Bolivia, Argentina y Uruguay. La incidencia transplacentaria encontrada en un año de seguimiento es similar a la reportada en Chile (16 al 28%), superior a la de Brasil (1%), Uruguay (0,5 a 3%) y Bolivia y Paraguay (7%).


AbstractObjective:To study Trypanosoma cruzi infection in pregnant women and its transplacental transmission in Moniquira and Miraflores, Boyaca, Colombia.Materials and methods: Screening of 862 pregnant women in both municipalities was planned; 689 participants were screened by Elisa technique on blood samples drawn on filter paper from whom 659 samples were processed (358 from Moniquira and 301 from Miraflores). Elisa and IFAT in serum, blood cultures and PCR were carried out in positive pregnant women and their children.Results: The total prevalence of Chagas disease in pregnant women was 3.3% (22/659), 3.9% (12/301) in Miraflores and 2.7% (10/358) in Moniquira. Of the 22 pregnant women who were followed, data was obtained from 18 of their newborns, 6 of whom had positive blood cul-ture tests. Blood cultures were considered as the confirmatory technique for parasitemia in newborns before 8 months of age. Therefore, the overall rate of transmission of congenital infection was 33.3% (6/18). After following-up at the homes and peridomiciles, searching for triatomine bugs and spraying the homes, we began treatment for the infected newborns with benznidazole at a dose of 5-8 mg/kg/day for 60 days.Conclusions: The prevalence found in pregnant women was similar to that reported for Casanare. The rate of transmission of congenital infection was similar to that reported in Chile (16%-28%) and higher than those in Brazil (1%), Argentina (1.5%-4.5%), Uruguay (0.5%-3%), Bolivia (7%) and Paraguay (7%)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Chagas Disease , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Parasites , Trypanosoma cruzi , Mass Screening , Colombia
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