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Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 21(3): 357-362, jul.-sept. 2010. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-574210

ABSTRACT

DRESS syndrome is an infrequent adverse drug reaction but in some cases may be life-threatening. It is characterized by cutaneous rash, systemic symptoms and eosinophilia. It is usually caused by aromatic anticonvulsants, sulfonamides and some antiviral drugs, among others. In this article we present two cases of drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome with rash, systemic symptoms (DRESS) associated to lamotrigine therapy with hepatic involvement and a review of the literature. The first case is a 78 year-old woman, presenting with myalgia, fever, abdominal pain and skin rash on her face and extremities. Labora¬tory tests revealed alteration of hepatic profile with hepatocellular pattern. After ruling out other causes, she recognized recent use of lamotrigine. The drug was withdrawn and she had a favourable evolution. The second case is a 30 year-old woman being treated for depression who presented with rash, adenopathies, fever and alteration of hepatic profile twenty four days after starting lamotrigine. Infectious causes were ruled out and she had a good response to corticosteroid treatment.


El síndrome de DRESS es una reacción adversa a medicamentos, poco frecuente pero potencialmente letal. Se caracteriza por eritema cutáneo, síntomas sistémicos y eosinofilia. Suele ser producido por los anticonvulsivantes aromáticos, sulfonamidas y algunos fármacos antivirales, entre otros. En este artículo presentamos dos casos de DRESS secundario a lamotrigina con compromiso hepático y revisión de la literatura. El primero de ellos, una mujer de 78 años, consulta por mialgias, fiebre, dolor abdominal y eritema maculopapular en cara y extremidades. Los exámenes de laboratorio revelaron alteración de pruebas de función hepática con patrón hepatocelular. Luego de descartar otras causas, la paciente reconoció uso reciente de lamotrigina. Se suspendió la droga y evolucionó favorablemente. El segundo caso es una mujer de 30 años en tratamiento por trastorno depresivo quien, veinticuatro días post-inicio de lamotrigina, comienza con eritema, adenopatías, fiebre y alteración de pruebas de función hepática, excluyéndose etiologías infecciosas; se inicia tratamiento corticoesteroidal con buena respuesta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Aged , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Triazines/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology , Erythema/chemically induced , Drug Eruptions/etiology , Fever/chemically induced , Liver Function Tests , Syndrome
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