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1.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 56(2): 191-201, Mar.-Apr. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-675637

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to study the influence of sucrose and glucose, amino acids and BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) levels on in vitro shoot regeneration of fox grape cv. Bordô and grapevine cv. Chardonnay. The nodal segments from micropropagated material were used as explants and half-strength MS medium as the basal medium. Sucrose and glucose at 15, 30 and 45 g.L-1 were tested as a carbon source and the supplementation of adenine, asparagine, alanine, glycine, cysteine, glutamine, arginine was tested at 40 g.L-1. The BAP levels (1 and 5 μM) in solid and double-phase media were evaluated and compared with a control medium without BAP. Bordô had best in vitro growth than Chardonnay. Sucrose was a better carbohydrate source than glucose for both the cultivars. Bordô and Chardonnay had different amino acid preferences for some parameters. In conclusion, for in vitro shoot regeneration from the nodal segments, culture on solid medium with 5 μM BAP, 15 g.L-1 sucrose for Bordô and 45 g.L-1 sucrose for Chardonnay showed better results. Similarly, the supplementation of 40 g.L-1 arginine for Bordô and 40 g.L-1 arginine or glycine for Chardonnay showed better results.

2.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 35(1): 108-114, jan.-fev. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-576088

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, estudar a indução da organogênese em segmentos foliares e internódios de videira cv. Merlot, utilizando diferentes tipos e concentrações de citocininas. O meio de cultura usado foi o MS com redução da metade dos sais e vitaminas, suplementado com 1 µM de ácido naftalenoacético (ANA). Os tratamentos consistiram das concentrações de 2,5; 5,0 ou 10 µM de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) ou 1-fenil-3-(1,2,3,-tiadiazol-5-il) uréia (TDZ). Foram avaliados o porcentual de formação de gemas, calos, oxidação e raízes, além do número de raízes e gemas. Aos 60 dias de cultivo in vitro foi observado que concentrações de 2,5-10 µM de BAP e TDZ permitem que segmentos foliares oxidem e não induzam à oxidação nos internódios. O nível de 5 µM de TDZ favore o maior porcentual de formação de gemas em internódios e segmentos foliares não apresentam capacidade para formar gemas nos níveis de 2,5-10 µM de BAP ou TDZ. O uso de BAP nas concentrações de 2,5 e 5 µM favorece altos porcentuais de enraizamento em internódios. O uso de TDZ no nível de 2,5 µM promove elevada taxa de formação de calos em internódios. Os internódios apresentaram maior capacidade organogênica do que os segmentos foliares.


The objective of this work was study the induction of organogenesis on leaf segments and internodes of grapevine cv. Merlot using different types and concentrations of cytokinins. MS half strength culture medium supplemented with 1 µM naftalenoacetic acid (NAA) was used. The treatments consisted of the concentrations of 2.5; 5.0 or 10 µM 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP) or thydiazuron (TDZ). The percentage of buds, callus, oxidation and roots as well as the number of roots and buds were evaluated. After 60 days of in vitro culture it was observed that the concentrations of 2.5-10 µM BAP or TDZ oxidize leaf segments and do not induce oxidation in the internodes. The level of 5 µM TDZ promote the largest formation of buds from internodes and leaf segments do not have capacity to form buds at the levels of 2,5-10 µM BAP or TDZ. The use of BAP at the concentrations of 2.5 and 5 µM promote high rooting percentage of internodes. TDZ at the level of 2.5 µM promotes high rate of callus formation in internodes. Internodes presented larger organogenic capacity than leaf segments.

3.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 33(2): 617-623, mar.-abr. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-514016

ABSTRACT

Pertencente à família Celastraceae, a espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek) é uma espécie medicinal nativa da região sul do Brasil, utilizadas no tratamento de gastrite e úlceras gástricas. Estudos sobre a produção de mudas por meio de estaquia demonstraram que esta espécie é considerada de difícil enraizamento. Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, avaliar os efeitos de diferentes substratos no enraizamento de miniestacas de espinheira-santa. Miniestacas apicais foram coletadas a partir das brotações das minicepas de 10 meses de idade, mantidas em casa-de-vegetação e confeccionadas com3 a 4cm de comprimento, mantendo-se duas folhas com a superfície reduzida à metade. O plantio foi realizado em caixascontendo areia e tubetes contendo casca de arroz carbonizada, Plantmax HT® ou vermiculita de granulometria fina comosubstrato. As miniestacas foram mantidas em casa-de-vegetação com nebulização intermitente e 90 dias após o plantio, foram avaliadas as características: porcentagem de estacas enraizadas, número e comprimento médio de raízes, porcentagem de estacas com calos, sobrevivência e mortalidade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 4 tratamentos e 4 repetições de 22 estacas por parcela. A análise estatística revelou que os substratos areia (92,04%), casca de arroz carbonizada (88,66%) e Plantmax HT® (94,31%) apresentaram índices de enraizamento significativamente superiores à vermiculita (78,41%), além de menores taxas de mortalidade, sendo que a propagação vegetativa de espinheira-santa por meio de miniestaquia é viável.


Espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek), which belongs to the Celastraceae family, is a medicinal species native to the south region of Brazil, used in gastritis and gastric ulcer treatment. Studies about plant production by cutting have shown that this species is considered difficult to root. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of different substrates on the rooting capacity of espinheira-santa minicuttings. Apical minicuttings with 3-4cm and two half-cut leaves were collected from 10-month-old ministump sprouts kept in a greenhouse and planted on sand boxes and polypropylene tubes filled with carbonized rice hull, Plantmax HT® or fine granulated vermiculite. The minicuttings were kept in a greenhouseunder intermittent mist. After 90 days, the following variables were evaluated: percentage of rooted cuttings, number and average length of roots per cutting, percentage of cuttings presenting calluses, survival and mortality rate. A completely randomized design of four treatments with 22 minicuttings per experimental unit and four replications was used. Statistical analysis revealed that sand (92.04%), carbonized rice hulls (88.66%) and Plantmax HT® (94.31%) presented significantlyhigher rooting capacity and lower mortality than vermiculite (78.41%). Vegetative propagation of espinheira-santa by using minicuttings is viable.

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