Frequency and pattern of ovarian tumours

To evaluate the frequency and types of ovarian tumours with respect to age. All the ovarian tumours which were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Muhammad Medical College Hospital Mirpurkhas over a five years period from January 2005 to December 2009 were reviewed. A total of 227 cases were reviewed. 181 lesions were found benign tumours and 46 were malignant. Surface epithelial tumours were common benign tumours and consist of serous cyst adenoma with a frequency of 55% followed by mucinous cyst adenoma 20%. Benign germ cell tumours was 25%. In malignant tumours, serous cyst adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion 38% followed by 17% cases of mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma and one [2%] case of clear cell carcinoma. Germ cell tumours were composed of immature teratoma 11%, yalk sac tumour 9%, mixed germ cell tumour 4% and a single case of dysgerminoma with a frequency of 2%. The frequency of sex- cord stromal tumours was 17%. Most of the benign tumours were found in 3[rd] and 4[th] decades of life. However maximum number of malignant tumours was seen in 5th and 6th decades. In this study surface epithelial tumours were the major histological type of ovarian tumours followed by germ cell tumours

Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women and its effects on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality

To determine the frequency of anemia in pregnant women and its effect on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. It is a prospective study of 500 pregnant women attending OPD of obstetrics and gynaecology department, Muhammad Medical College Hospital, Mirpurkhas Sindh during one year from 1st April 2007 to 31st March 2008. The patients were selected randomly irrespective of their gestational age. Data was entered on a pro forma, blood CP was done and those with anemia were selected for further study. Out of 500 pregnant women randomly selected for the study, 375 were diagnosed to have anemia of different severity and etiology. About 20% of them were in their first trimester, 25.8% in 2nd and 54.2% in the 3rd trimester. Majority of women had moderate anemia [i.e 52%] while 36% were mildly anemic. Severe anemia was seen in 12% of patients. About nine percent of women delivered before term, and 12.5% of babies were born with low birth weight. Prevalence of perinatal mortality was 2.1%. Two women suffered from abruption while 15 women had post partum haemorrhage [PPH]. There is a very high prevalence of anemia with pregnancy, especially during third trimester and significantly affects the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy

Frequency, maternal and fetal outcome of abruptio placenta in a rural medical college hospital, Mirpurkhas Sindh

To determine the frequency, maternal and fetal outcome of abruptio placentae in a rural medical college hospital, Mirpurkhas Sindh, Pakistan. This is an observational prospective study conducted at obstetric and gynaecology department of Muhammad Medical College Hospital during one year from 1st June 2007 to 31st May 2008. All patients with diagnosis of abruptio placenta and gestational age of >24 weeks were included in the study. Data were collected on questionnaire after informed consent and results were analyzed by calculating percentages. Total number of women delivered in ward during study period was 2132. Abruptio placentae was seen in 84[3.9%] patients. Majority of women n=43 [51.1%] were in the age group of 25-30 years. Incidence was higher in multi-parous, being 73 [86.9%]. A total of 59 [70%] women were anemic. Pregnancy induced hypertension was seen in six [7%], diabetes in five [6%] and multiple pregnancy in four [5%]. No risk factor was present in 10[12%] women. As regards mode of delivery, 62 [74%] women delivered spontaneously vaginally and 21 [25%] underwent caesarean section. One patient died undelivered cause being severely anemic, shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC]. Major maternal complication seen was hypovolumic shock in 21[25%], followed by postpartum hemorrhage in 11 [13%], altered coagulation profile in six [7%] and renal failure in two [2.3%] of patients. 52 [62%] women delivered alive babies while 32 [38%] were stillborn. Out of 52 alive born, two died within first week of birth due to prematurity. Overall perinatal mortality was 40.4%. Abruptio placenta is associated with high rate of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and to reduce this, the risk factors associated with abruptio placenta must be evaluated before and during pregnancy

Frequency and pattern of ovarian tumours

To evaluate the frequency and types of ovarian tumours with respect to age. All the ovarian tumours that were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, over a 5 years period from January 2004 to December 2008 were reviewed. A total of 227 cases were reviewed. 181 lesions were found benign tumours and 46 were malignant. Surface epithelial tumours were common benign consisting consist of serous cyst adenoma with a frequency of 55% followed by mucinous cyst adenoma 20%. Benign germ cell tumours were 25%. In malignant tumours, serous cystadenocarcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion 38%, followed by 17% cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and 1 [2%] case of clear cell carcinoma. Germ cell tumours were composed of immature teratoma 11%, yolk sac tumour 9%, mixed germ cell tumour 4% and a single case of dysgerminoma with a frequency of 2%. The frequency of sex cord stromal tumours was 17%. Most of the benign tumours were found in 3[rd] and 4[th] decades of life. However maximum number of malignant tumours was seen in 5[th] and 6[th] decades. Surface epithelial tumours were the major histological type of ovarian tumours followed by germ cell tumours