ABSTRACT
Background: Biosafety & Biosecurity training in COVID - 19 pandemic proved beneficial for lab workers exposed to potentially infectious materials by increasing level of awareness. Essential that they be forewarned to the hazards and risks in working environment for bioh azards; how to save themselves (Biosafety) and safeguard the product (Biosecurity). Methods: Development of table of specification, national level involvement, selection through entry test, custom - made curriculum. Construction of 50 questions, pre - and fi nal post - assessment test ascertaining cognition level on the subject after completion of course. 15 questions for each session were also constructed to evaluate their initial cognition level and post session proficiency. There were eight contact sessions. Each session, pre - and post - assessments to ascertain impact of awareness. Results: Overall result of pre - test assessment of 50 questions was 33.0%, post - test assessment was 90.7%, indicating overall elevation of awareness ( 57.7%). Analysis of results (pre - and post) through a paired t - test yielded highly significant P value of 0.000001 . Likert scale for course and facilitator evaluation by Cronbach’s alpha, showed variables having maximum score > 0.8 , indicating the high results for feedback evaluation. Con clusion: Proper awareness of lab workers is mandatory for Biorisk management in keeping them biosafe which is additional benefit in the wake of pandemic.
ABSTRACT
Background: Histopathological patterns help to define the orientation as well as the duration of disease. The findings identified through this tool aids in the identification and selection of treatment modality as well as provides a prognostic assessment of the condition. Methods: A prospective study design was opted for this research. A total of 221 patients from either gender, ages between 31 to 38 years, undergoing different types of surgical procedures were en rolled from the Faisal and Masroor Base Hospital, Karachi Pakistan. After receiving consent, a biopsy specimen was taken and transferred to the laboratory for staining and further processing for histopathological examination. Results: The major findings i solated among specimens constituted of samples from the Appendix; 67.87% (150/221) followed by stomach; 18.10% (40/221). Among the appendix specimens, 82% (41/221) patients were suffering from acute appendicitis and the remaining had peri - appendicitis. Ami d the stomach specimens 65% (26/221) patients were diagnosed with (Mild) Chronic Superficial Gastritis, followed by 20% (8/221) patients with H - Pylori associated (Mild) Chronic Superficial Gastritis and the remaining were normal gastric antrum and chronic gastritis with partial villous atrophy. Conclusion: By using histopathological examination, the outcome of many diseases can be determined at an earlier stage thereby assisting in lowering the levels of morbidity and mortality among the population. In our research we were able to distinguish a variety of infections among different areas/ organs of the body.