Preparation and cytocompatibility of porous zirconia scaffold modified by graphene oxide for bone tissue engineering / 医学研究生学报

Objective In order to meet the needs of maxillofacical bone defect repair, the aim of this study was to synthesize graphene oxide(GO) modified three-dimensional conneted nano- zirconia(ZrO2) bone tissue engineering scaffold and evaluate its surface morphology, compressive strength and cytocompatibility. Methods GO was synthesized by a modified Hummers method and then was testified by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. ZrO2 scaffold was modified by different concentrations(0.5,1.0,1.5mg/mL) of GO dispersion via a silane-mediated method. The composite scaffold with uniform GO coating was chosen for compressive strength test and co-cultured with human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs). Actin staining was used to observe the growth of the cells on the scaffold, and MTS was used to detect the cell activity. Results The characterization results showed that, under scanning electron microscope, the GO was flaky and the surface morphology of folds could be seen. Part of the GO layer folds up at the edge. Under transmission electron microscopy, the GO was clearly observed to have a gossylike, translucent and slightly wrinkled lamellar structure. The crystal structure in this area in the high-resolution filter image showed a six-member ring structure like graphite. Under high power electron microscope, the 1.0mg/ml GO-ZrO2 scaffold could be seen to deposit a thin layer of GO at the crack of the scaffold skeleton, connecting the two ends of the crack, and lamellar GO with folds could be observed on the surface of ceramic particles. The comparison of mechanical properties showed that the compression strength of GO-ZrO2 scaffold was sgnificantly increased compared with that of ZrO2 scaffold[（1.292±0.087）vs（1.031±0.076）, P<0.05]. Compared with the simple ZrO2 scaffold, the GO-ZrO2 scaffold showed more dense extension and adhesion to the surface of scaffolds, showing more active cell proliferation. The cell viability test showed that the viability of hDPSCs was significantly improved on GO-ZrO2 scaffold after 1, 3 and 5 days of proliferation compared with the simple ZrO2 scaffold(P<0.05). Conclusion The ZrO2 scaffold modified by GO improved compressive strength, promoted the early proliferation of hDPSCs with good cytocompatibility.

Comparison of Different Periodontal Healing of Critical Size Noncontained and Contained Intrabony Defects in Beagles / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Regenerative techniques help promote the formation of new attachment and bone filling in periodontal defects. However, the dimensions of intraosseous defects are a key determinant of periodontal regeneration outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of use of anorganic bovine bone (ABB) graft in combination with collagen membrane (CM), to facilitate healing of noncontained (1-wall) and contained (3-wall) critical size periodontal defects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study began on March 2013, and was completed on May 2014. One-wall (7 mm × 4 mm) and 3-wall (5 mm × 4 mm) intrabony periodontal defects were surgically created bilaterally in the mandibular third premolars and first molars in eight beagles. The defects were treated with ABB in combination with CM (ABB + CM group) or open flap debridement (OFD group). The animals were euthanized at 8-week postsurgery for histological analysis. Two independent Student's t-tests (1-wall [ABB + CM] vs. 1-wall [OFD] and 3-wall [ABB + CM] vs. 3-wall [OFD]) were used to assess between-group differences.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean new bone height in both 1- and 3-wall intrabony defects in the ABB + CM group was significantly greater than that in the OFD group (1-wall: 4.99 ± 0.70 mm vs. 3.01 ± 0.37 mm, P < 0.05; 3-wall: 3.11 ± 0.59 mm vs. 2.08 ± 0.24 mm, P < 0.05). The mean new cementum in 1-wall intrabony defects in the ABB + CM group was significantly greater than that in their counterparts in the OFD group (5.08 ± 0.68 mm vs. 1.16 ± 0.38 mm; P < 0.05). Likewise, only the 1-wall intrabony defect model showed a significant difference with respect to junctional epithelium between ABB + CM and OFD groups (0.67 ± 0.23 mm vs. 1.12 ± 0.28 mm, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>One-wall intrabony defects treated with ABB and CM did not show less periodontal regeneration than that in 3-wall intrabony defect. The noncontained 1-wall intrabony defect might be a more discriminative defect model for further research into periodontal regeneration.</p>

Inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on residual Lewis lung cancer cells in mice after palliative surgery / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on residual Lewis lung cancer cells in mice after palliative surgery.Methods The model of residual Lewis lung cancer cells in C57BL mice after palliative surgery were established,then accordance with the random number table,18 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 animals in each group:the normal saline group,cisplatin group,and dexamethasone group.After operation,the subcutaneous tumor nodules of each mouse were measured on days 4-10 using vernier calipers (accuracy of 0.l mm).The expressions of hypoxia induction factor-1α (HIF-1 α) and mean vascular density (MVD) in the normal saline group,cisplatin group and dexamethasone group were assessed by paraffin immunohistochemical assay.The expressions of HIF-1α,VEGF and PCNA mRNA and protein in the three groups were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting.Results Tumor growth curve showed that the tumor volume in cisplatin group (200.34 ± 20.94) mm3 and in dexamethasone group (436.58 ± 37.94)mm3 were obviously decreased compared with the normal saline group (1 398.81 ± 192.85) mm3,with statistically significant differences (t =-1201.75,P ＜ 0.001;t =-921.52,P ＜ 0.001).As Paraffin immunohistochemical assay showed,in cisplatin group and dexamethasone group,the expressions of HIF-1 α(2.67 ± 0.43,1.67 ± 0.43) and MVD counts (17.01 ± 3.24,9.89 ± 2.25) were decreased significantly compared with the normal saline (4.21 ± 0.35,29.75 ± 5.64),with statistically significant differences (t =-1.55,P＜0.001;t=-1.83,P＜0.001;t=-12.68,P＜0.001;t=-18.35,P＜0.001).The results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expressions of HIF-1α (0.56 ±0.11),VEGF (0.61 ±0.18) and PCNA mRNA (0.38 ± 0.07) in dexamethasone group were obviously reduced compared with the normal saline group (1.21 ±0.13,1.13 ± 0.26,1.06 ± 0.08),with statistically significant differences (t =-0.55,P ＜ 0.001;t=-0.62,P＜0.001;t=-0.69,P＜0.001).The expressions of HIF-1α (0.31 ±0.12),VEGF (0.30 ± 0.13) and PCNA mRNA (0.18 ± 0.06) in cisplatin group were also obviously reduced compared with the normal saline group,with statistically significant differences (t =-0.73,P ＜ 0.001;t =-0.76,P ＜ 0.001;t =-0.81,P ＜ 0.001).The results of Western blotting showed that the expressions of HIF-1α (85.98 ± 20.86),VEGF (173.28 ± 30.98) and PCNA protein (228.96 ± 22.97) in dexamethasone group were decreased significantly compared with the normal saline group (198.98 ± 29.89,378.98 ± 28.98,357.98 ± 35.98),with statistically significant differences (t =98.78,P ＜ 0.001;t =85.68,P ＜ 0.001;t =120.86,P ＜ 0.001).The expressions of HIF-1 α (65.78 ± 18.62),VEGF (109.43 ± 19.86) and PCNA protein (176.86 ± 22.76) in cisplatin group were decreased significantly compared with the normal saline group,with statistically significant differences (t =132.86,P ＜ 0.001;t =108.68,P ＜ 0.001;t =154.74,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Dexamethasone can effectively inhibit the growth and angiogenesis of the residual Lewis lung carcinoma after palliative surgery in mice,and may also provide a new method of postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients,especially who received palliative surgery.

The significance of combined detection of PTX3 and NT -ProBNP in evaluating of the prognosis of the patients with AMI combined T2DM / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the changes of PTX3,NT -ProBNP level and the correlation between them and the prognosis of the patients with AMI combined T2DM.Methods 143 patients with primary AMI were enrolled,of which 63 patients with type 2 diabetes (observation group)and 80 patients with no diabetes (control group).Plasma PTX3 values were measured with ELISA method and NT -ProBNP was detected by the electrochemi luminescence method.All patients were observed for the occurrence of MACE during hospitalization and 12 months after discharge.The correlation between PTX3,NT -ProBNP concentration and occurrence of MACE in observation group were analyzed.Results The PTX3,NT -ProBNP concentration[(8.95 ±5.06)ng/mL,(1 609 ±1 049)pg/mL]in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group[(7.03 ±3.70)ng/mL,(1 198 ± 809)pg/mL](P =0.010,P =0.009);The number(n =26)of patients with occurrence of MACE in the observation group was significantly higher than 15 cases in the control group(P =0.003).In the observation group,the PTX3, NT -ProBNP concentration[(10.98 ±5.45)ng/mL,(2 007 ±1 097)ng/mL]in patients with MACE were signifi-cantly higher than those in patients without MACE[(7.53 ±4.28)ng/mL,(1330 ±930)ng/mL](P =0.007,P =0.010),and in MACE group,the PTX3,NT -ProBNP concentration[(13.88 ±6.84)ng/mL,(2 596 ±1 333)ng/mL] in patients with death weresignificantly higher than those in patients without death[(9.18 ±3.52)ng/mL,(1 639 ± 751)ng/mL](P =0.029,P =0.023).Conclusion More strong chronic inflammatory reaction and serious myocar-dial injury might occur in the patients with AMI combined and T2DM,and those patients would have poorer prognosis. The combined detection of PTX3,NT -ProBNP has an important significance in evaluating of the degree of myocardial damage and the prognosis of the patients with AMI combined T2DM.

Research of Cryoablation Minimally Invasive Lung Volume Reduction Surgery to Rabbit Emphysema Model / 医学研究杂志

Objective To perform the percutaneous Argon-Helium cryoablation on experimental emphysema rabbits Model, in or-der to eveluate the Percutaneous cryoablation of lung volume reduction surgery( LRVS) effectiveness, feasibility and safety.Methods The emphysema model were established on 20 healthy adult new Zealand white rabbits.The lung function and blood gas analysis were measured before and after the emphysema model establishment.After the emphysema model was established, the rabbit were punctured by CT-guided for Argon-helium cryoablation, which was performed for 2 cycles;frozen process for 5 minutes each time;helium active tha-wing, for 2 minutes each time.The result of lung function and blood gas analysis were measured on 1,3,7,14,28 days respectively, meanwhile obtain the corresponding specimens to observe the general morphological and histological changes under light microscopy.Re-sults During the Argon-Helium cryoablation of lung volume reduction surgery, 3 cases of mild intraoperative bleeding ( 15%) and 2 cases of subcutaneous emphysema (10%) happened.compared with emphysema model, lung function and blood gas analysis of the model did not change significantly 1 day post operation(P>0.05), on 3 days and 7 days post operation , lung function and blood gas analysis changed significantly (P<0.05);the lung function and blood gas analysis on 14 days, 28 days post operation have change significantly ( P<0.01) against emphysema model, the best time to improve the result of lung function and blood gas analysis is between 7-14 days. Conclusion Percutaneous cryoablation of lung volume reduction surgery achieve the purpose of effectively destroy the target tissue, sig-nificantly improve the animal model of pulmonary function and blood gas analysis index, with small trauma, fewer complications, higher efficacy and safety.

Preliminary study on etiologies, treatments and prophylaxis for delayed thoracostomach emptying in post-surgical patients with esophageal or gastric cardiac cancer / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate etiologies,treatment approaches and prophylaxis for delayed thoracostomach emptying in esophageal or gastric cardiac cancer patients treated with esophagogastrostomy.Methods We performed a retrospective review of the clinical data of 24 patients suffering delayed thoracostomach emptying among 1985 post-surgical patients with esophageal or gastric cardiac cancer from January 2000 to June 2011.Results Eighteen patients in the 24 patients were cured by conservative managements including endoscopic dilatation procedures.The remaining 6 patients were treated with surgery.Conclusion The main etiology of delayed thoracostomach emptying is gastroparesis,which can be treated with nonsurgical conservative approaches; whereas mechanical emptying disturbance requires surgery.Endoscopic examination appears to be the most important diagnostic approach in identifying and differentiating the etiologies of delayed thoracostomach emptying in post-surgical patients.Endoscopic dilatation procedure is proved to be effective for the treatment of delayed thoracostomach emptying in post-surgical patients in this study.

Clinical effect of the combined medication to prevent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting / 中国综合临床

Objective To observe the clinical effect of the combined medication to prevent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting after lung cancer surgery.Methods One hundred and fifteen patients under cisplatin-based chemotherapy were randomly divided into the control group ( n =58 ) and the treatment group( n =57 ).For the control group,Azasetron ( day 1-5 ) and dexamethasonewere (day 1-3 )were injected intravenously with a dose of 10 mg/day at half an hour before chemotherapy.For the treatment group,intramuscularinjectionof promethazine (25mg/day,30minsbeforesurgery ) and metoclopramide( 10 mg/day,30 mins before surgery )and intravenous infusion of omeprazole (40 mg/day,45 mins before surgery)were given from day 1 to day 5 in addition to the treatment for the control group to relieve chemotherapy-induced acute and late-phased nausea and vomiting.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups in controlling acute nausea and vomiting in terms of complete response rate (Ps ＞0.05 ).However,there were significant effect on late-phased nausea,with an effective rate of 87.7％(50/57) in the treatment group versus 72.4％ (42/58) in the control group at day 2 after treatment( x2 =4.21,P ＜ 0.05 ),and 84.2％ (48/57) vs.67.2％ ( 39/58 ) at day 3 ( x2 =4.49,P ＜ 0.05 ),91.2％ ( 52/57 ) vs.77.6％ (45/58) at day 4 ( x2 =4.05,P ＜ 0.05 ),94.7％ ( 54/57 ) vs.81.0％ ( 47/58 ) at day 5 ( x2 =5.04,P ＜ 0.05 ).Furthermore,there were significant effect on late-phased vomiting,with an effective rate of 91.2％ (52/57)in the treatment group versus 74.1％ (43/58) in the control group at day 2 after treatment ( x2 =5.84,P ＜ 0.05 ),and 91.2％ ( 52/57 ) vs.70.7％ ( 41/58 ) at day 3 ( x2 =7.84,P ＜ 0.05 ),94.7％ ( 54/57 ) vs.79.3％ ( 46/58 ) at day 4 ( x2 =6.03,P ＜ 0.05 ),98.2％ (56/57) vs.87.9％ (50/58) at day 5 ( x2 =5.77,P ＜ 0.05 ).The common side effect in both group were dizzy,headache and coporostasis,with no significant difference [ 15.8％ ( 9/57 )vs.20.7％(12/58),x2 =0.46,P=0.49 ].ConclusionThe combinational medication used in the treatment group prominently reduced the incidence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting after pneumonectomy,especially the late-phased nausea and vomiting.