Testicular descent and fixation through a scrotal stria incision for the treatment of palpable cryptorchidism in children aged <3 years: 10-year experience with 1034 cases / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

This study was performed to summarize our clinical experience with testicular descent and fixation through a scrotal stria incision for the treatment of palpable cryptorchidism in children. This study included 1034 children with palpable cryptorchidism from March 2009 to March 2019. A scrotal stria incision was used to perform testicular descent and fixation. Overall, 1020 children successfully underwent surgical testicular descent and fixation through a scrotal stria incision, and 14 patients underwent conversion to inguinal incision surgery. All patients were discharged 1-2 days after the operation. During hospitalization and follow-up, 55 patients developed complications, including 10 patients with testicular retraction, 7 with poor healing of the incision, and 38 with a scrotal hematoma. No patients developed testicular atrophy, an indirect inguinal hernia, or a hydrocoele. Testicular descent and fixation through a scrotal stria incision for the treatment of palpable cryptorchidism in children is safe and feasible in well-selected cases. This method has the advantages of no scarring and a good cosmetic effect.

Application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in a food-borne outbreak of Salmonella serotype Muenchen infection / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in food-borne outbreak.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pathogens were isolated and further characteristics identified by traditional methods. The strains isolated were carried out with molecular typing with using PFGE. PFGE was performed by Laboratory Directions for molecular subtyping of Salmonella by PFGE (CDC, USA) and the results of PFGE were analyzed by BioNumerics soft.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 14 Salmonella serotype Muenchen strains were isolated from 19 patients, 3 of 9 suspicious foods were positive for S. muenchen and 7 strains were isolated from 18 cooks. The biochemistry characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of all the strains isolated were the same. 23 S. muenchen isolates were all shown indistinguishable by PFGE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PFGE should play a key role in identifying the outbreak-associated isolates and distinguishing them from unrelated sporadic isolates. It might also demonstrate that the genetic fingerprints of serotype Muenchen isolates derived from patients were indistinguishable from those derived from drinks. PFGE might provide precise information on bacterial food-borne pathogens, promptly identify the source of infection, and effectively prevent from spreading. It should be one of the early warning method on controlling outbreak of the food-borne disease.</p>

Inhibition of osteosarcoma cell proliferation by a short hairpin RNA targeting proliferation cell nuclear antigen / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a plasmid vector expressing the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and to investigate its effect in vitro on the expression of PCNA, proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A plasmid vector expressing the short hairpin RNA targeting at PCNA was constructed and transfected into human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 by dosper liposomal method. PCNA mRNA and protein expressions were examined using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Inhibition of the cell proliferation was studied by MTT method and colony forming assay. DNA synthesis was analyzed by (3)H-TdR incorporation and the cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry. The apoptotic cells were stained with acridine orange.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expression of PCNA mRNA after the transfection was markedly inhibited by 80.51% with a PI value of 25.68% of that of the control group. PCNA shRNA inhibited MG-63 cell growth detected by using MTT method, with an inhibition rate of 61.78% at 48 h. DNA synthesis rate also decreased in the (3)H-TdR incorporation test. Flow cytometry analysis showed an increase of the percentage of G(0)/G(1) phase cells, along with a decrease of cell population in the S phase. The apoptosis rate of cells transfected with the plasmid vector was 16.54%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PCNA shRNA significantly suppresses the expression of PCNA at both mRNA and protein levels, corresponding to an inhibition of the proliferation of MG-63 cell and an increase of the cellular apoptosis.</p>

An Preliminary Reform of the Pedagogic Modus in Teaching Pathophysiology / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To explore the feasibility of transform from the sardine like “cramming” to the “inductive” teaching method with provision of necessary conditions. Methods The medical students in class'97 were picked in random for the trial. New learning materials suitable for self-learning compiled by our department of pathophysiology were distributed into study to test the validity of the inductive approach. The students in this group, after self learning the meaterials, were then examined and their records were compared with those in the control group. Results 31 of 117 volunteer students in the trial participate the examination, and 54.8％ of them obtained grades excellent or good (≥80 points), with a record bar surpassing the 608 students of class'96 and 560 students of class'97 (ordinary classes as control groups). Conclusion Students can master the basic knowledge of pathophysiology if proper learning materials are available, on condition they have enough time and good self-learning habits supplemented by necessary lectures and coaching.