ABSTRACT
@#Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is characterized by excessive fat deposition in hepatocytes, fat accumulates mainly in the form of triglycerides, triglycerides derive from esterification of glycerol and free fatty acids; and the synthesis of fatty acid is abnormally active in tumor cells, which is significantly higher than that of normal cells, providing necessary lipid substrates for the formation of biofilms, the production of signaling molecules and energy during the proliferation and development of tumor cells. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACC)is the limiting-rate enzyme of de novo lipogenesis. And it is also an enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the fatty acid synthesis pathway; its catalyzed product, malonyl-CoA, also inhibits the oxidation of fatty acids. ACC inhibition can reduce fatty acid synthesis and promote fatty acid oxidation, which reduce the amount of fatty acids in the body. Hence, attenuating fat accumulation could improve NAFLD, and reduction of fatty acid content inhibits development of tumor tissues because lipid substrates could not satisfy the requirement of cancer cells. Therefore, ACC inhibitors have potential to be the novel drugs that can treat NAFLD and cancer. The recent research progress on ACC inhibitors is reviewed in this paper.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the clinical effect of transforaminal endoscopic surgical system (TESSYS) technique for atypical lumbar disc herniation. Methods Eighteen patients with atypical lumbar disc herniation underwent TESSYS technique under local anesthesia. Numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to evaluate the sciatica and/or back pain. The outcomes were evaluated by Oswestry disability index (ODI) and the Macnab score. Results The postoperative NRS scales were significantly lower than preoperative one (P<0.01). The postoperative ODI was lower than preoperative one (P < 0.05). Good rate of modified Macnab criteria was 88.89%. One patient occurred right hip pain and disappeared after partial closure. one patient turned to open surgery at 1 week. Conclusion The TESSYS technique was an effective method for atypical lumbar disc herniation. It has satisfactory clinical effect which is worthy of spreading for clinical application.
ABSTRACT
@#Type 2 diabetes, an epidemic disorder characterized by high blood glucose level associated with microvascular complications, is one of the main causes of human suffer across the globe, with no effective medicine up to now. AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK), a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, is a key sensor and regulator of intracellular and whole-body energy metabolism. Small molecule AMPK direct activators have been proven to lower blood-glucose, which is a promising candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The progress on the research of small molecule AMPK direct activators in recent years is summarized in this paper.