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Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of glucose-6-posphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and its gene mutations among neonates in Hainan Province.@*Methods@#The G6PD activity of dried blood spots of 914 520 neonates born from 2007 to 2016 was screened by fluorescence spot test in Hainan Province. The G6PD/6-glucose phosphate dehydrogenase (6GPD) ratio method was used to confirm the diagnosis of suspected specimens, and 3 012 of year 2016 dried blood spots of neonates with G6PD deficiency were genotyped using the multicolor probe-based fluorescence melting curve analysis.@*Results@#From 2007 to 2016, 36 314 positive cases were screened in 914 520 neonates. A total of 26 370 cases of G6PD deficiency were diagnosed with an incidence rate of 2.88%(26 370/914 520) in Hainan Province. The incidences of G6PD deficiency were 2.80%(21 688/774 555) in ethnic Han population, 3.45% (4 292/124 419) in ethnic Li population, 3.31%(212/6 401) in ethnic Miao population and 1.95%(178/9 145) in other ethnic groups. There were significant differences in the incidence of G6PD deficiency in ethnic Han population and ethnic Li population(χ2=161.261, P=0.000), ethnic Miao population(χ2=6.104, P=0.013) and other ethnic groups(χ2=24.283, P=0.000). A total of 13 mutation types were detected by gene detection in 3 012 confirmed cases of G6PD deficiency, of which c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.1024 C>T mutations and related combinations accounted for approximately 91.74%. Two mutations outside 16 genotypes, c.86 C>T and c.1311 C>T, were found by gene sequencing.@*Conclusions@#The incidence of G6PD deficiency among newborns in Hainan Province is high, and there are ethnic and regional differences. The dominant genetic mutations in Hainan Province are c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.1024 C>T.
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Objective:To investigate the prevalence of glucose-6-posphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and its gene mutations among neonates in Hainan Province.Methods:The G6PD activity of dried blood spots of 914 520 neonates born from 2007 to 2016 was screened by fluorescence spot test in Hainan Province. The G6PD/6-glucose phosphate dehydrogenase (6GPD) ratio method was used to confirm the diagnosis of suspected specimens, and 3 012 of year 2016 dried blood spots of neonates with G6PD deficiency were genotyped using the multicolor probe-based fluorescence melting curve analysis.Results:From 2007 to 2016, 36 314 positive cases were screened in 914 520 neonates. A total of 26 370 cases of G6PD deficiency were diagnosed with an incidence rate of 2.88%(26 370/914 520) in Hainan Province. The incidences of G6PD deficiency were 2.80%(21 688/774 555) in ethnic Han population, 3.45% (4 292/124 419) in ethnic Li population, 3.31%(212/6 401) in ethnic Miao population and 1.95%(178/9 145) in other ethnic groups. There were significant differences in the incidence of G6PD deficiency in ethnic Han population and ethnic Li population(χ 2=161.261, P=0.000), ethnic Miao population(χ 2=6.104, P=0.013) and other ethnic groups(χ 2=24.283, P=0.000). A total of 13 mutation types were detected by gene detection in 3 012 confirmed cases of G6PD deficiency, of which c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.1024 C>T mutations and related combinations accounted for approximately 91.74%. Two mutations outside 16 genotypes, c.86 C>T and c.1311 C>T, were found by gene sequencing. Conclusions:The incidence of G6PD deficiency among newborns in Hainan Province is high, and there are ethnic and regional differences. The dominant genetic mutations in Hainan Province are c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.1024 C>T.
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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the sexual behavior characteristics of the sexually transmitted HIV-positive people and to estimate the secondary transmission rate. @*METHODS@#Field investigation and literature review were conducted among sexually transmitted HIV-positive people to collect general information during the last 6 months before notification of HIV infection. A mathematical model was used to estimate the secondary transmission rate. @*RESULTS@#A total of 769 HIV-positive people were recruited for the study, 186 of them were women, 286 were men who have sex with women (MSW), 242 were men who have sex with men (MSM) and 55 were men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). During 6 months, the average sex partner among these 4 groups were 2.29, 1.61, 3.32 and 4.10, respectively; the sexual behavior frequency were 26.03, 20.97, 14.77 and 25.51, respectively; the rates of non-use of condom were 74.14%, 73.53%, 59.60% and 72.06%, respectively; the secondary transmission rate were 0.0095, 0.0151, 0.1759 and 0.1985, respectively. Under constant conditions of other factors, the secondary transmission rates decreased by 30.13%-82.00%, 23.00%-49.51%, and 16.10%-19.09%, respectively, if there was a reduction in 1 sex partner, 1 time/month for the sexual frequency and 20% of rate for non-use of condom. @*CONCLUSION@#The HIV secondary transmission from MSMW HIV-positive people to general population was the highest. Change in sexual behavior of the HIV-positive people can decrease the HIV secondary transmission rate significantly.
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Female , Humans , Male , HIV Infections , Models, Theoretical , Sexual Behavior , Sexual PartnersABSTRACT
Objective To explore the association between low blood lead exposure and nervous system symptoms among the workers exposed to oil paint.Methods Through cluster sampling,workers with occupational oil paint exposure in 2 factories were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey,biochemical detection and health examination.x2 test and unconditional logistic regression analysis were performed for the determinants analysis.Results A total of 525 oil paint workers completed the survey,in whom,55 (10.5％) were blood lead positive,the mean of blood lead concentration was (0.088 4 ± 0.053 9) mg/L,278 (52.95％) had nervous system like symptoms and 69 (13.14％) had peripheral neuropathy symptoms.Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that working age (OR=1.827),drinking (OR=1.607),health status (OR=3.862),blood lead (OR=1.983) were risk factors for nervous system like symptoms.Working age (OR=2.282),and drinking (OR=2.704) were risk factors for peripheral neuropathy.Conclusion Low blood lead exposure might be associated with nervous system like symptoms.