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Photothermal therapy, as a new non-invasive therapy technique, has been developing rapidly since 1980s, especially in tumor therapy. Compared with traditional therapy, it has demonstrated irreplaceable effects. At present, the materials used for photothermal therapy are mainly various nanoparticles as well as various nanocomposites designed based on it. Because some nanocomposites have integrated the properties of photothermal therapeutic agents and imaging contrast agents, they have played an important role in the integrated study of tumor diagnosis and treatment. Based on the physical and chemical properties, optical properties, advantages and disadvantages of the four kinds of nano-therapeutic agents in the study of photothermal therapy, this paper reviews the progress of the experimental research on the integration of the four kinds of nano-photothermal agents in tumor diagnosis and treatment in recent years.
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Objective: To obtain and identify the exosomes derived from human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs). Methods: hSCAPs were cultured by modified tissue adherence method and the phenotypes were analyzed with stem cell surface markers CD105, CD45, CD44, CD31, CD34 and CD29. The capability of multi-differentiation in hSCAPs was identified by osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in vitro. Exosomes were isolated from hSCAPs culture supernatants using gradient centrifugation methods. The size of vesicle was assessed by nanoparticle size analyzer. The morphology of exosomes was observed by transmission electronic microscope (TEM), and the expression of exosome molecular markers CD81, CD9, CD63 and TSG101 was analyzed by Western blotting. Results: hSCAPs were positive for the mesenchyme stem cell markers, including CD105, CD44 and CD29 and negative for the hematopoietic markers CD45, CD31 and CD34. hSCAPs could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. hSCAPs secreted microvesicles which exhibited round vesicle structure with an intact membrane observed by the TEM. The results of nanoparticle size analyzer measurement showed that the diameters of vesicles were ranged from 30 to 100 nm, which were consistent with the results by TEM. Microvesicles could express the molecular markers for exosomes, i.e. CD81, CD9, CD63 and TSG101. Conclusion: The microvesicles were successfully isolated from hSCAPs and identified as exosomes.
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Objective@#To evaluate the clinical value of suprapubic Trocar puncture lithotripsy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder stones.@*Methods@#From February 2016 to August 2018, 60 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder stones in the Second Hospital of Pujiang County were randomly selected.The patients were divided into transurethral prostatic bipolarplasma electrotomy group(control group, 30 cases) and transurethral prostatic bipolar excision procedure combined with suprapubic Trocar puncture cystinolithotomy group(study group, 30 cases) according to the operation methods.The operation time, stone extraction time, removal of bladder fistula time, catheter extraction time, success of one stone extraction, postoperative complications of the two groups were statistically analyzed.@*Results@#The operation time, stone removal time, bladder fistula removal time and catheter removal time of the study group were significantly shorter than those of the control group(t=6.965, 4.541, 3.365, 3.306, all P<0.05). The success rate of the first stone extraction in the study group was 100.0%(30/30), which was significantly higher than 86.7%(26/30) in the control group (χ2=12.83, P<0.05). The incidence rate of postoperative complications in the study group was 10.0%(3/30), which was significantly lower than 23.3%(7/30) in the control group(χ2=13.34, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Suprapubic Trocar puncture lithotripsy has high value in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder stones.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of suprapubic Trocar puncture lithotripsy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder stones.Methods From February 2016 to August 2018,60 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder stones in the Second Hospital of Pujiang County were randomly selected.The patients were divided into transurethral prostatic bipolarplasma electrotomy group (control group,30 cases) and transurethral prostatic bipolar excision procedure combined with suprapubic Trocar puncture cystinolithotomy group (study group,30 cases) according to the operation methods.The operation time,stone extraction time,removal of bladder fistula time,catheter extraction time,success of one stone extraction,postoperative complications of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results The operation time,stone removal time,bladder fistula removal time and catheter removal time of the study group were significantly shorter than those of the control group(t =6.965,4.541,3.365,3.306,all P ＜0.05).The success rate of the first stone extraction in the study group was 100.0％ (30/30),which was significantly higher than 86.7％ (26/30) in the control group (x2 =12.83,P ＜0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complications in the study group was 10.0％ (3/30),which was significantly lower than 23.3％ (7/30) in the control group(x2 =13.34,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Suprapubic Trocar puncture lithotripsy has high value in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder stones.
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Objective·To investigate the effect of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to study the related mechanism.Methyls· hPDLCs were isolated and cultured,and CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of DIM on the proliferation of hPDLCs.hPDLCs were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank group (without LPS and DIM),LPS group (10 μg/mL LPS),10 μg/mL LPS+6.25 μg/mL DIM,10 μg/mL LPS+12.50 μg/mL DIM.The cells of all groups were cultured for 12 h.The protein levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in supernatant were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The change of mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways were detected by Western blotting.Results· The cell viability was not affected when the DIM concentration was less than 50 μmol/L (P＞0.05).DIM at 6.25 and 12.50 μg/mL reduced the LPS-induced expression of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 at protein levels (P＜0.05).DIM inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion· DIM can reduce the LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression in hPDLCs via restraining the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the efficacy and quality of life and safety for paclitaxel and carboplatin (TC) and TC combined with endostar in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. A total of 126 cases of untreated advanced NSCLC were enrolled in this study. There were 63 patients in the TC control arm and TC combined endostar arm, respectively. All enrolled patients were continuously followed-up for disease progression and death.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The objective response rate (ORR) of TC combined with endostar arm was 39.3%, and that of TC control arm was 23.0%, P = 0.078. The progression-free survival rates for TC combined with endostar arm and TC control arm were 78.3% and 58.8%, respectively, in 24 weeks (P = 0.017). The hazard ratio for the risk of disease progression was 0.35 (95%CI 0.13 to 0.90, P = 0.030). The median time to progression (TTP) of the TC combined with endostar arm was 7.1 months and TC arm 6.3 months (P > 0.05). The follow-up results showed that the median survival time (mOS) of the TC + Endostar arm was 17.6 months; (95%CI 13.4 to 21.7 months), and the TC + placebo arm 15.8 months (95%CI 9.4 to 22.9 months) (P > 0.05). The quality of life scores (LCSS patient scale) after treatment of the TC combined with endostar arm was improved, and that of the TC group was improved after completion of two cycles and three cycles of treatment. The quality of life scores compared with baseline after the completion of one cycle treatment was significantly improved for both the TC combined with endostar arm (P = 0.028 and), and TC arm (P = 0.036). It Indicated that TC combined with endostar treatment improved the patient's quality of life in the early treatment. The difference of adverse and serious adverse event rates between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with TC alone treatmrnt, TC combined with endostar treatment can reduce the risk of disease progression at early time (24 weeks), increase the ORR, and can be used as first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC. The TC combined with endostar treatment has good safety and tolerability, improves the quality of life, and not increases serious adverse effects and toxicity for patients with advanced NSCLC.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Carboplatin , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Disease Progression , Disease-Free Survival , Double-Blind Method , Endostatins , Therapeutic Uses , Follow-Up Studies , Leukopenia , Lung Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Nausea , Neoplasm Staging , Paclitaxel , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Remission InductionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The restenosis occurs up to 20%-30% following metal coronary stent implantation. Under the support of the 863 program, the feasibility to treat coronary artery stenosis using a novel drug-eluting stent (DES) has been investigated to reduce restenosis. OBJECTIVE: A drug-eluting stent (rapamycin as drug mode) was implanted into porcine models of coronary stenosis. The safety and efficacy of the drug-eluting stent were observed and compared with bare-metal stent. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed in the Fu Wai Hospital for Cardiovascular Disease between November 2003 and April 2004. MATERIALS: A novel bioinspired phospholipid copolymer was synthesized by free radical polymerization of stearyl methacrylate, β-hydroxypropyl methacrylateand 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate. METHODS: Twenty-one pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups: bare-mental stent, drug-eluting stent, and polymer-coated stent. The treated stents pre-loaded onto a delivery system through the use of crimping instrument were implanted into pig's coronary artery, with 2 stents per pig. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Determination of luminal diameter, luminal area, mean intimal thickness on and between the stents, neointimal area, percentage of luminal area restenosis, and damage index using an image analysis instrument. RESULTS: At 28 days after implantation, there was significant difference in mean intimal thickness on and between the stents, as well as neointimal area, between the DES and bare-metal stent groups (P < 0.05). The neointimal area was reduced by 44.87% in the DES group compared with the bare-metal stent group. No significant difference in percentage of luminal area restenosis was found between the DES and bare-metal stent groups, but P value equaled to 0.053, which was close to 0.05. In addition, no restenosis was found in the DES group. CONCLUSION: Rapamycin DES can markedly resist intravascular intimal hyperplasia and restenosis following stenting.
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Experimental investigations were conducted on the process of combustion and explosion vent in a 200 mm (diameter) x 400 mm (length) vertical cylindrical vessel. When CH(4)-air mixture gases were used and the vent diameter was 55 mm, conditions of Phi (equivalent ratio)=0.8, Phi=1.0 and Phi=1.3 and two ignition positions (at the cylinder center and bottom) were selected. The venting processes and the correlated factors are discussed in this paper.
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Objective To make up an exercise prescription based on traditional Chinese medical training (EP-TCMT) for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Eighty-five pa- tients with stable COPD were randomly divided into a control group (CG group),a traditional Chinese medicine group ( TC group) and an exercise prescription group ( EP group).The patients in the TC and EP groups were giv- en intensive training for 8 weeks.Their 6 rain walk distance (6MWD) and Borg scale scores were assessed before and after the treatment.Results The 6MWD in the TC group increased from 337.68?59.18 m to 386.14?76.71 m,while those in the EP group improved from 348.00?55.94 m to 425.17?53.22 m.The Borg scale scores in the TC group decreased from 3.14?1.94 to 2.32?1.25,while those in the EP group declined from 3.45?1.84 to 1.72?0.70.Conclusion Making up EP-TCMTs is feasible.Additional treatment was found to improve exercise tolerance and decrease dyspnea in COPD patients.Exercise therapy based on traditional Chinese methods is easy and safe.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analysis the cause of malocclusion that was found in patients suffering from condylar neck and subcondylar fractures after perfectly anatomic reduction and rigid fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>There were 23 cases of malocclusion in the patients of condylar neck and subcondylar fractures after anatomic reduction and rigid fixation during 1994 to 2001. The possible reasons were studied, and the treatment methods were proposed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both distortion and(or) fracture of miniplates and displacement anain of the condylar process after operation were not found in all 23 cases. There were 6 cases of open bite at the molar teeth of the fractured side, while the normal occlusions were showed in the nonfractured side. 11 cases showed that the whole mandibles were moved slightly to the nonfractured side. 4 cases showed that the mandible of fractured side moved slightly to the nonfractured side and the occlusion of nonfractured side were normal. 2 cases showed premature contact at the fractured molar teeth and the anterior teeth showed open bite. There were 5 cases of facial nerve damages, 2 cases wound infection, 2 cases TMJ chronic pain and 1 cases TMJ click and(or) murmur.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Although the anatomical reduction and miniplate rigid fixation were operated on the condylar neck and subcondylar fractures, there were probably having the chance of showing malocclusion. The malocclusion was not caused by the fracture itself, but in the TMJ and/or muscular injury. Therefore, the malocclusion can be cured with intermaxillary elastic traction and functional exercise. Sometimes, the occlusal adjustment may be performed to resume the normal occlusion. In any case, operation is not needed.</p>