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Objective:To explore the role of denervation on kidney tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF)induced by ischemia reperfusion injury(IRI)via NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)/transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)pathway in mice.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were randomized into four groups(n=12 each)of sham, kidney ischemia reperfusion(IR), RDN and RDN+ IR(DIR). At Days 1 and 7 post-reperfusion, kidney histology and fibrotic injury are observed after hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining.α-SMA protein is detected by immunohistochemistry.The serum levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Cr)and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL)are measured.And the contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA), interleukin 4(IL-4), interleukin 10(IL-10)and interleukin 13(IL-13)in kidney tissues are detected.Western blot is utilized for observing the expression levels of Nrf2, TGF-β and phospho-Smad3 protein in kidney tissues.Results:Compared with sham group, kidney histologic score, serum levels of BUN, Cr and NGAL and contents of MDA, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 in kidney tissues spiked while activity of SOD declined.Protein expressions of Nrf2, TGF-β and phospho-Smad3 rise in IR-1 and DIR-1 groups( P<0.05). Compared with IR-7 group, degree of fibrosis and levels of α-SMA, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 drop in DIR-7 group, Nrf2 protein expression increased and protein expressions of TGF-β and phospho-Smad3 decreased( P<0.05). Conclusions:Acute oxidative stress injury induced by IRI becomes aggravated after kidney denervation and initiates TIF.The long-term expression of TGF-β and phosphorylation of Smad3 are suppressed due to a continuous activation of Nrf2 pathway, thereby blunting the long-term TIF degree of kidney.
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Skin photoaging not only affects the appearance, but also is associated with skin tumors. It is very important to objectively and effectively evaluate photoaging. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of photoaging, but it can not be used repeatedly because of its invasiveness, and is not suitable for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of photoaging. Skin imaging technologies can realize in vivo, real-time and non-invasive two- or three-dimensional image analysis, which facilitate the visual assessment of skin photoaging. This review summarizes research progress in dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, high-frequency ultrasound and optical coherence tomography in evaluation of photoaging.
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Objective:To investigate the effect and influencing factors of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive female commercial sex workers (CSW) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used in this study. A total of 661 HIV-positive CSW receiving ART from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region′s municipal and county-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region CDC from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 were included.The demographic information of the patients, marital status, past medical history, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, medications, CD4 + T lymphocytes, virological and immunological effects after receiving ART for six to 12 months were collected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of virological failure and immunological failure of HIV-positive CSW after six to 12 months of ART. Results:Among 661 HIV-positive CSW, 50(7.6%) cases experienced virological failure, 80(12.1%) cases experienced immunological failure, and 13(2.0%) had both virological failure and immunological failure.There were 85 cases (12.9%) who had a history of sexually transmitted diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried (adjusted odds ratio (a OR)=3.298, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.285 to 8.461), AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART (a OR=4.391, 95% CI 1.555 to 12.402) and missed medications in the last seven days (a OR=3.731, 95% CI 1.942 to 7.166) were risk factors for virological failure. Compared with CD4 + T lymphocytes<200.00/μL at baseline, 350.00≤CD4 + T lymphocytes <500.00/μL (a OR=3.543, 95% CI 1.631 to 7.701) and CD4 + T lymphocytes≥500.00/μL (a OR=2.358, 95% CI 1.002 to 5.547) were risk factors for immunological failure. Conclusions:HIV-positive CSW in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region have a better treatment effect, with low rates of virological failure and immunological failure. Marital status, baseline CD4 + T lymphocyte counts, AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, and missed medication in the last seven days are factors influencing the effect of six to 12 months of ART.
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The aim of this paper was to investigate the mechanism and effect of psoralen and isopsoralen in the treatment of lipid accumulation in LO2 cells. Human LO2 cells nonalcoholic fatty liver models were established by using palmitic acid( PA). Then psoralen and isopsoralen were administered for intervention. Intracellular triglyceride( TG) and total cholesterol( TC) content,the cell supernatant alanine aminotransferase( ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase( AST) levels were determined by enzyme method. Cell supernatant proinflammatory cytokines( IL-6,TNF-α) and chemokines( IL-8,MCP-1) were determined by ELISA method. Western blot method was conducted to detect the protein expression of intracellular nuclear factor( NF-κB) p65 phosphorylation( p-p65),nonphosphorylated protein( p65),and transforming factor TGF-β1. Result showed that as compared with the model group,intracellular TG and TC levels,the cell supernatant ALT and AST levels,proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were decreased( P < 0. 01,P <0. 05); the p-p65/p65 ratio and TGF-β1 protein expression were also significantly decreased( P< 0. 01,P< 0. 05) in psoralen intervention group. As compared with the model cells,intracellular TG content had no significant changes,but all the other indexes were reduced( P<0. 01,P<0. 05) in the cells of isopsoralen intervention group. Psoralen exhibited better effect than isopsoralen( P< 0. 01,P<0. 05). It is concluded that psoralen could improve the adipogenesis of LO2 cells induced by PA; both psoralen and isopsoralen are effective in ameliorating LO2 cells injury induced by PA,reducing inflammation via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and down-regulating the expression of TGF-β1.
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Humans , Cell Line , Ficusin , Pharmacology , Furocoumarins , Pharmacology , Lipid Metabolism , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseABSTRACT
To investigate the mechanism and effect of Psoralea corylifolia(PC) in the treatment of NAFLD in juvenal mice. The NAFLD model in juvenal mice was established by feeding high-fat diet. Then PC herbal granules (at low and high dose) were administered for 5 weeks. Blood glucose (FBG, PG-1 h/2 h), blood lipid (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), fasting insulin, liver function (ALT, AST) were examined. HOMA-IR was calculated. Hepatic histological changes were observed. The content of TG, inflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-8) and protein expressions of CD44, NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65 in hepatic tissues were determined. The ratio of p-NF-κB p65 to NF-κB p65 (p-p65/p65) was calculated. The result showed that compared with the model group, both PC treatment groups showed reduction in hepatic steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibroplasia in portal area. HOMA-IR, ALT, AST, FBG, PG-2 h, TC, TG, LDL-C concentrations and hepatic TG content were also significantly decreased, with the reduction of TNF-α, IL-8 contents, CD44 expression and p-p65/p65 ratio in hepatic tissues (P<0.01). High-dose PC group had a better effect than low-dose group (P<0.01, P<0.05). In conclusion, PC is effective in treating hepatic injury, glucolipid metabolism disturbances and fibrosis in juvenal NAFLD mice. The mechanism may be related to inhibition of inflammation and down-regulation of the activation of hepatic NF-κB.
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Objective To understand the pathogenic epidemiological status quo among populations with respiratory tract infectious in Nanjing area.Methods The IgM antibody detection reagent kit against 9 kinds of respiratory tract pathogen was used to conduct the IgM antibody detection in 25 057 patients with respiratory tract infection in the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region from May 2013 to April 2015.Results A total of 8 575 cases(34.22％) of pathogen positive were detected out,in which Pneumonia mycoplasma (MP) antibody had the highest positive rate (23.77％);followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV,5.19 ％),adenovirus (ADV,4.56 ％),Parainfluenza virus type 1,2 and 3 (PIVS,4.02 ％) and influenza B virus (INFB,2.28％).The seasonal distribution of RSV,ADV and PIVS was significant and had high onset in winter and spring,but low onset in summer and autumn.Infants and young children had maximal positive cases in preschool period,which were 5 274 cases;as a whole,MP IgM antibody positive rate was gradually decreased with the age increase.Conclusion MP is the main pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in Nanjing area,followed by RSV.The pathogenic infection has a correlation with the age group,moreover which demonstrates the seasonal epidemic trend.
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Objective To understand the pathogenic epidemiological status quo among populations with respiratory tract infectious in Nanjing area.Methods The IgM antibody detection reagent kit against 9 kinds of respiratory tract pathogen was used to conduct the IgM antibody detection in 25 057 patients with respiratory tract infection in the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region from May 2013 to April 2015.Results A total of 8 575 cases(34.22％) of pathogen positive were detected out,in which Pneumonia mycoplasma (MP) antibody had the highest positive rate (23.77％);followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV,5.19 ％),adenovirus (ADV,4.56 ％),Parainfluenza virus type 1,2 and 3 (PIVS,4.02 ％) and influenza B virus (INFB,2.28％).The seasonal distribution of RSV,ADV and PIVS was significant and had high onset in winter and spring,but low onset in summer and autumn.Infants and young children had maximal positive cases in preschool period,which were 5 274 cases;as a whole,MP IgM antibody positive rate was gradually decreased with the age increase.Conclusion MP is the main pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in Nanjing area,followed by RSV.The pathogenic infection has a correlation with the age group,moreover which demonstrates the seasonal epidemic trend.
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Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a difficult medical issue and symptomatic treatment with medication is common. One case of PHN was cured by nerve avulsion and microtherm plasma nerve block. The male patient was 48-year-old with PHN on the right side of the nose, suffering recurrent pains within one year. The symptoms occurred irregularly and lasted for several minutes to hours every time. Electroacupuncture and Chinese medicine treatments in other hospitals made little efficacy. Physical examination showed skin of right side of the nose and nasal mucosa was normal and all laboratory reports confirmed negative. After microtherm plasma treatment in nasal cavity and corresponding area of nasal septum, the pain disappeared.
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Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nerve Block , Neuralgia, Postherpetic , Therapeutics , Nose , PathologyABSTRACT
To study the effects of connective tissue mast cells ( CTMCs ) on T cell activation in an antigen-dependent manner.Methods: Connective tissue mast cells were differentiated from mouse bone marrow cells.Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated ovalbumin (OVA)/IgG immune complexes were generated and incubated with CTMCs ,and analyzed by flow cytometry to detect the antigen uptake by CTMCs via Fcγreceptors ( FcγRs ).The relevant effects on antigen-specific T cell activation and proliferation were further determined by CD 69 and Ki67 expression.Results: A magnificent increase in OVA uptake was seen in CTMCs treated with OVA/IgG immunocomplex after 24-hour incubation ,compared with that treated with fluorescent OVA alone.OVA-incorporated mast cells induced OVA-specific CD4+T-cell activation and proliferation.Conclusion:It was suggested that the binding of IgG receptor FcγRs could elicit CTMCs reaction and ,as a result,to mediate crosstalk between professional APCs and T cells.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of combined lifestyle-related factors and risk of cancer incidence among adult men in urban Shanghai.Methods Information was obtained from 60 817 men in the Shanghai Men' s Health Study (2002-2006) program and 2033 incident cancers who were confirmed at the end of 2009.A healthy lifestyle score (HLS) system was developed,based on five lifestyle-related factors,and participants were scored one point for each of the healthy behaviour:never smoked,alcohol intake less than 1 drink/day,under normal weight range (18.5-27.9 kg/m2),physical activity (≥ 54 Met-hours/week),fruit and vegetable intake ≥451 g/day,the else would score as zero.The total score would range from zero to five.Cox regression model was used to evaluate the associations between combined lifestyle-related factors and the cancer incidence.Results Compared to men having scores as zero or one,the hazard ratios (95％ confidence intervals) for men with two,three,four,five health behaviour scores were 0.77 (95％CI:0.66,0.90),0.67 (95％CI:0.58,0.78),0.56(95％ CI:0.47,0.65),0.51 (95％ CI:0.42,0.62),respectively.The population attributable risks for cancer incidence was 10.4％ for those having scores less than 3 items.Conclusion Never smoked,moderate alcohol intake,maintaining normal weight,being physically fit,and having enough daily fruit and vegetable intake were associated with lower risk of total cancer incidence in men.Our data showed that healthy lifestyle could significantly benefit the public health programs of the population.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effects of Linda Mixture (LM) on cholestatic liver diseases caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 240 CMV infected cholestatic liver diseases infants, who were hospitalized at the Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital from January 2008 to June 2011, were randomly assigned to the treatment group (120 cases) and the control group (120 cases). Patients in the treatment group were treated by LM combined ganciclovir, while those in the control group were treated by ganciclovir alone. The therapeutic course was 2 months. The patients were assigned to 3 sub-groups according to the quantification standards of symptoms and signs, i. e., the No. 1 treatment group (mild, 30 cases), the No. 1 control group (mild, 30 cases), the No. 2 treatment group (moderate, 30 cases), the No. 2 control group (moderate, 30 cases), the No. 3 treatment group (severe, 30 cases), the No. 1 control group (severe, 30 cases). The clinically cured rate and the total effective rate, the jaundice subside time, the retraction time for Gan and Pi, the body weight growth, the indices of the liver function, and lab indices of CMV infection were observed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment the cured rate was 77.50% and the total effective rate was 88.33% in the treatment group, while they were 60.83% and 76.67% in the control group. There was statistical difference between the two group (P<0.05, P<0.01). There was some improvement in the jaundice subside time, the retraction time for Gan and Pi, the body weight growth, the indices of the liver function in the two groups. Better results were obtained in the treatment group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P<0.05, P<0.01). The lab indices of CMV infection showed negative to some degrees. The negative rates of serum IgM (83.54% in the treatment group and 63. 64% in the control group) and the serum CMVDNA (84.52% in the treatment group and 67.47% in the control group) were better in the treatment group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P<0.01). There was no obvious difference in the negative rate of CMV antigen in urine between the two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LM combined ganciclovir therapy showed definite effects in treating cholestatic liver diseases caused by CMV infection. Early treatment for severe infants might change their prognosis. LM also could alleviate adverse reactions during the therapeutic course.</p>
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Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cholestasis , Drug Therapy , Virology , Cytomegalovirus Infections , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Ganciclovir , Therapeutic Uses , Liver Diseases , Drug Therapy , Virology , PhytotherapyABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the association between body height and risk of cancer incidence among adult men and women in Shanghai. Methods: Baseline information on body height and other factors relevant for cancer was obtained from Women's (1996-2000) and Men's Health Studies (2002-2006) in Shanghai. Participants with missing data on body height, or those lost to follow-up in one year after the study enrollment were excluded, leaving 74 709 women and 61 161 men for analysis. There were 4 031 incident cancers for women and 2 047 for men confirmed at the end of 2009. COX regression model was used to evaluate the HR s ( hazard ratios) and 95% CI (confidence interval) between height and cancers. Results: After adjustment for some potential confounding factors including age, weight, physical activity, energy intake, occupation, income and reproductive factors (for women only), HR s and 95% CI s for cancer incidence per 1 standard deviation (6 cm for both men and women) increment in body height were 1.04 (95% CI : 1.00-1.08) for total cancers, 1.18 (95% CI : 1.05-1.33) for stomach cancer, 1.34 (95% CI : 1.06-1.70) for kidney cancer and 1.05 (95% CI : 0.99-1.12) for breast cancer in women; and 1.06 (95% CI : 1.00-1.11) for total cancers, 1.11 (95% CI : 1.00-1.25) for lung cancer, 1.34 (95% CI : 1.02-1.75) for pancreatic cancer, 1.23 (95% CI : 1.01-1.49) for rectal cancer and 0.78 (95% CI : 0.66-0.94) for prostate cancer in men. Conclusion: A possible link between body height and cancer incidence in men and women is suggested. The association between body height and cancer incidence varies by cancer type. Copyright © 2012 by TUMOR.
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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) was one of the most important crops in the world next to wheat, rice, maize, soybean and barley. Using the callus derived from immature inflorescence as the recipients, we efficiently transformed sorghum varieties 115, ICS21B and 5-27 with the insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cry1Ab gene carried in the T-DNA of binary vectors which contained hygromycin resistance gene and gus gene via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. After gradient selection with hygromycin, a total of 21 independent transgenic plant lines, 52 transgenic plants were regenerated, and the average stably transformation efficiency was 1.9%. The integration and transcription of cry1Ab gene in transgenic sorghum was confirmed by PCR analysis, Southern blotting and RT-PCR analysis. The Bt proteins were expressed in most transgenic plants with different level from plant to plant by Western blotting and ELISA assay. According to insect bioassay in laboratory, the transgenic plants with a relatively high level of Bt gene expression displayed insect-resistance to pink rice borer (Sesamina inferens).
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens , Genetics , Metabolism , Bacterial Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Endotoxins , Genetics , Metabolism , Hemolysin Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Pest Control, Biological , Plants, Genetically Modified , Genetics , Sorghum , Genetics , Transformation, GeneticABSTRACT
Objective To establish antigen capture ELISA methed to detect Kaposi's sarcoma-as-sociated herpesvirus(KSHV)antigen,and to evaluate its feasibility for clinical application.Methods The BALB/c mice and New Zealand white rabbits were injected with purified recombinant KSHV gpK8.1 proteins to prepare the monoclonal antibody(McAb)and polyclonal antibody(PcAb)anti-gpK8.1,respectively.A new antigen capture ELISA method was established for KSHV antigen detection.The detection reproducibili-ty as well as the sensitivity and specificity of this new assay were determined by the optimization test,which antibody pairs were analyzed to choose the best coating antibody and detecting antibody.The 3 KSHV posi-tive patients sera and 257 patients sera from sexually transmitted disease,cancers or gynecological diseases were detected with this assay to evaluate its value for clinical application.Results When the McAb as coat-ing antibody at concentration of 5 μg/ml and PcAb as detecting antibody at concentration of 1.6μg/ml were selected,the highest P/N value could be obtained.The sensitive analysis of this test could detect recombi-nant KSHV gpK8.1 antigen of 31.28 ng/ml.Meanwhile,it is highly specific to detect KSHV antigen with-out cross reaction to Epstein-Barr vims(EBV),herpes simplex virus(HSV)-1 or HSV-2.All of three KSHV-positive sera and 4 sera from 257 clinical samples were positive with this new assay.which indicated that it could be used for capturing KSHV antigen.Conclusion A sensitive and specific McAb-based anti-gen capture ELISA method to detect KSHV antigen were established successfully.It is of great potential val-ue to develop reagent for KSHV clinical serologic dingnosis.
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OBJECTIVE To established a viable and convenient method for human nasoseptal chondrocyte culture in vitro and study the biological characters of the chondrocyte. METHODS The chondrocytes were obtained by incomplete enzyme digestion of cartilage and were seeded with small piece of cartilage in 25 ml culture flasks coated with polylysine previously. This study determines the biologic synthesis of the chondrocytes by toluidine blue and type Ⅱcollagen immunohistochemistry reaction. The proteoglycan synthesis efficiencies of human nasoseptal chondrocytes cultured in vitro were measured by using 35S-Na2SO4 incorporation. The modified method and the conventional method in proteoglycan synthesis were also compared. RESULTS The results suggested that human nasoseptal chondrocytes cultured by modified method still show the normal structure and morphology, and maintain the function of metabolism and self duplication. With the modified method, we can get a higher cell survival rate and more cells. CONCLUSION The modified method is a viable and convenient method.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether the absorption of breviscapine can be enhanced by using breviscapine photosomes.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Testing the uptake and intestinal permeability of breviscapine powder and breviscapine photosomes by using intestine perfusion technique and reverted gut sac method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The uptake and permeability coefficient of breviscapine were increased in photosomes. The absorption process obeyed the Fick's law in the range of 0-100 microg x mL(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The absorption breviscapine photosomes is enhanced by increasing the permeability through a passive mechanism.</p>