ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the application of up-conversing phosphor technology (UPT) to detect pathogenic organisms in the air. Methods: The performance of UPT was verified with Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia pestis and Escherichia coli O157 as simulated strains, including stability, specificity, sensitivity and response time tests; Air particle sampler is used to collect air samples in the field microenvironment test chamber, and UPT is used for detection. At the same time, compared with the traditional culture method, the practicability of UPT is verified. Results: The coefficient of variation in laboratory was 9.62% and 8.02% when the concentration of 107 CFU/ml and 108 CFU/ml were detected by UPT. The results were less than the allowable target, and the detection system had good stability. The specificity of UPT was verified by Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that no non-Staphylococcus aureus was detected, and the positive detection rate of different kinds of Staphylococcus aureus was 100%. The specificity of the detection system was good. The sensitivity of UPT for detecting Staphylococcus aureus was 104 CFU/ml. Detection sensitivity of Yersinia pestis ≥103 CFU/ml; The detection sensitivity of Escherichia coli O157 is ≥103 CFU/ml, and the response time of UPT to bacteria is within 15 min (all 10 min 15 s). The detection results of bacteria contentration in the air of the on-site microenvironment test cabin by UPT showed that when the concentration of Escherichia coli O157 in the air reached above 104 CFU/m3, the detection results of UPT were positive, and with the increase of air concentration, the numerical concentration measured by UPT showed an upward trend, which was positively correlated with the concentration of bacteria in the air. Conclusion: UPT may be feasible as a rapid method to evaluate the species and contentration of pathogenic organisms in the air.
Subject(s)
Humans , Sensitivity and Specificity , TechnologyABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the effects of geniposide(GP) on the expression of prokineticin(PK2) and prokineticin receptor 1(PKR1) in db/db mice with diabetic nephropathy(DN), so as to explore how the PK2 signaling pathway participated in the pathological changes of DN and whether GP exerted the therapeutic effect through this signaling pathway. Male mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely db/m, db/db, db/db+GP, and db/m+GP groups, with five in each group. The mice in the db/db+GP and db/m+GP groups were gavaged with 150 mg·kg~(-1) GP for eight successive weeks. Afterwards, all the mice were sacrificed and the renal tissues were embedded. The morphological changes in glomerulus and renal tubules were observed by Masson and PAS staining. The expression levels of PK2, PKR1, and Wilm's Tumor Protein 1(WT_1) in podocytes were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the protein expression levels of PK2 and PKR1 in mouse kidney by Western blot. The morphological results showed serious glomerular and tubular fibrosis(Masson), high glomerular and tubular injury score(PAS), increased glomerular mesangial matrix, thickened basement membrane, exfoliated brush border of renal tubules, decreased WT_1 in glomerular podocytes, and massive loss of podocytes in the db/db group. After administration with GP, the glomerular and tubular fibrosis was alleviated, accompanied by improved glomerular basement membrane and renal tubule brush edge, and up-regulated WT_1. As revealed by further protein detection, in the db/db group, the expression levels of PK2 and PKR1 and p-Akt/Akt ratio declined, whereas the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 rose. Ho-wever, PKR2 and p-ERK/ERK ratio did not change significantly. After administration with GP, the PK2 and PKR1 expression was elevated, and p-Akt/Akt ratio was increased. There was no obvious change in PKR2, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, or p-ERK/ERK ratio. All these have demonstrated that GP improves the renal damage in DN mice, and PK2/PKR1 signaling pathway may be involved in such protection, which has provided reference for clinical treatment of DN with GP.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics , Iridoids , Kidney , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an assessment index system to objectively evaluate the implementation of health promotion in enterprises.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multi-methods, which include the reviewing references, the summarizing results of preliminary studies, the interview with experts and employers, were used in developing attentative index framework and working out the consultative questionnaires. Then the improved Delphi Method was adopted in collecting ideas from 20 experts in China, and they scored the importance of every single index by two rounds of consultation. On the basis of these data, the indicators were added , deleted or modified according to concentration and distraction levels of expert ideas. The method of the percentile weighted coefficient was conducted to decide the weighing of assessment index.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The responding rates to the two rounds of questionnaires were 90.91% and 100.00% respectively. The overall specialist authoritative coefficient was 0.69, the coordination coefficient of all indicators was 0.623 (P <0.01),and the coordination coefficient of the four kinds of first-ranking indicators was 0.313, 0.625, 0.390, 0.563, respectively (P<0.01).Eventually, an assessment index system consisting of 4 first-ranking indicators and 10 sub-indicators which were further divided into 52 grade-three indicators was set up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The assessment index system possesses good content validity, and the liability and typicality were recognized by experts. However, it should be applied and validated in practice.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , China , Delphi Technique , Health Promotion , Occupational Health ServicesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the nerve electromyogram results by analysing the pathological characters of 4 cases diagnosed as peripheral neuropathy caused by n-hexane and arsenic.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nerve electromyogram examination and pathology data of 4 patients, who had been diagnosed as toxic chemicals peripheral neuropathy, were studied retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two patients in this group were exposed to n-hexane, their nerve electromyogram examinations and biopsy pathology of superficial peroneal nerve indicated the peripheral neuropathy was mainly manifests the lesion of medullary sheath. Another two patients were exposed to arsenic, their nerve electromyogram examinations showed axonal degeneration associated with demyelination, and their biopsy pathology showed the peripheral neuropathy was mainly axonal degeneration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Axonal degeneration and demyelination always coexist in peripheral neuropathy caused by chemicals.</p>