The exploration of curriculum system of humanistic education with the whole process and multidis-ciplinary integration for medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the analyses of the status of humanistic medicine education both at home and abroad, the article emphasized the need for the implement of medical humanities education with the whole process and multidisciplinary integration. In combination with practice, from the three modules of the ex-plicit curriculum, implicit curriculum and integrated curriculum, the author discussed the specific conno-tation of the whole course of medical humanities education. The article also summarized the main points of the course system in teaching practice from the aspects of training objectives, teaching staff construction, teaching methods improvement and innovation, and humanistic quality evaluation of medical students.

Morphological features and analysis of the nerve fibers in the periodontal ligament of dogs / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the properties of nerve fibers of dogs by immunohistochemical staining method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Intact bone blocks above the inferior alveolar nerve canal were cut from the medial of the second premolar to the distal of the third premolar of healthy adult Beagle dogs of 18 months, embedded to make hard tissue sections, stained with S100 and neurofilament protein (NFP) antibodies, and finally observed the nerve distribution under the microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution of S100 positive tissue in the periodontal ligament of dogs showed the following patterns: bundles of densely gathered rings with different diameters, filaments accompanied by lumens, free endings and deep-dyeing oval lamellasome. The location of NFP positive tissue was similar to that of S100 positive tissue, but the distribution of these NFP positive filaments with various diameters showed largely as bundles, free ending and branches scattering in periodontal membrane.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We may firstly distinguish the structure of the nerve fibers in periodontal ligament of nerve distribution, and then judge the categories of the nerve fibers by S100 immunohistochemistry furtherly according to comparison of the thickness of neural axon by NFP immunohistochemistry, and finally distinct the function and attribute of the nerve fibers in the periodontal ligament of dogs. 
.</p>

Construction of integrative life science curriculum system based on early training professional competence for medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

TongJi University School of Medicine has performed teaching reforms in the early stage of medical students through curriculum integration of life science,the introduction of PBL,and designing of comprehensive experiments to achieve comprehensive professional competence of medical students.The results showed that the training system is beneficial to the cultivation of students' clinical thinking and early medical professional competence.It has been recognized by both students and faculty.Preliminary practice has proved to be successful.

Experience of applying Micro-lectures in higher medical education / 基础医学与临床

The application of micro-lectures in higher medical education is still in a stage of exploration.The au-thors applied the micro-lectures with the traditional teaching method in the teaching of physiology, and conducted a questionnaire survey about it.In this article, the authors summarized the developing process, the students’attitude and the video production of micro-lectures, and compared the micro-lecture with traditional teaching method and MOOCS.At last, they gave some suggestions about application of micro-lectures in higher medical college.

Raman spectral characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma, epithelial dysplasia and normal mucosa / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the Raman spectral characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma, high-grade epithelial dysplasia and normal mucosa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty- six fresh samples of oral carcinoma, 50 of high-grade epithelial dysplasia and 32 of normal mucosa were collected. The i-Raman spectrometer with an optical fiber tube was applied to acquire Raman spectrum. The diagnostic model established by principle component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) was used to analyze and classify the spectra of different samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences among the Raman spectra of these samples. Compared with the spectra of normal mucosa, the spectra of oral carcinoma and dysplasia showed strong peaks which were contributed to nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. The diagnostic models established by PCA-DFA could successfully classify these Raman spectra of different samples with a high accuracy of 96.4% (133/138). The model was evaluated by 'Leave one out' cross-validation and reached a high accuracy of 92.8% (128/138).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The proliferation and metabolism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and epithelial high-grade dysplasia are more active than normal mucosa. The diagnostic models established by PCA-DFA can classify these Raman spectra of different samples with a high accuracy.</p>

Practice of standardized question library based separation of teaching from testing system in integrated life sciences curriculum / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Department of Regenerative Medicine of Tongji University School of Medicine intro-duced the standardized question library construction-based separation of teaching from testing system into integrated life science course. By establishing the question library, professional teachers in the assessment center are responsible for making and correcting test papers of final exam for students. In addition to the separation of teaching and testing, regular quiz during the semester is also involved in the final grades of students. The results show that high-quality question library effectively promotes implementation of separation of teaching from testing. The question library construction is a dynamic and long-term task that requires real-time updates along with knowledge updates. This preliminary practice of separation of teaching from testing system in the integrated life sciences curriculum has proved to be useful for improving teaching style and the style of study significantly.

In vitro effect of Banxiaxiexin Tang and different conbinations on hepatic CYP450 in rats / 中国中药杂志

To study the effect of Banxiaxiexin Tang and different conbinations on CYP450 in rat liver microsomes, from the point of liver metabolism, evaluate significance of Banxiaxiexin Tang compatibility. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: Banxiaxiexin Tang group, pungent-swelling group, bitter-descending group, sweet-invigorating group and control group, which were all given decoction by gavage. Using liver microsomes in vitro incubation method, probe substrate were incubated and their metabolites was detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, then was calculated metabolic rate to reflect the drug-treated liver microsomes CYP2C6, CYP2E1, CYP3A1/2 activity. The results showed that comparing with the control group, both Banxiaxiexin Tang group and bitter-descending group showed inhibition on all enzyme subtype (P < 0.01), pungent-swelling group showed significant inhibition on CYP2C6, but no inhibition on CYP2E1 and CYP3A1/2; sweet-invigorating group showed inhibition on CYP2C6 and CYP2E1, but no inhibition on CYP3A1/2. Compared the inhibition on CYP with the three conbinations, bitter-descending group was significant higher than other groups. Banxiaxiexin Tang group showed inhibition on rat liver microsomes CYP450, and the activity maybe come from bitter-descending group.

Practice of enhancing clinical thinking training and assessment in medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To strengthen the ability of clinical thinking and the ability to solve practical clinical problems for medical students.Methods Medical undergraduates studying in affiliated hospitals of Tongji university from 2005 to 2010 were enrolled The clinical thinking training and assessment in clinical teaching were enhanced by introducing problem-based learning,case-based learning and by strengthening the role of interns in clinical work and emphasizing clinical thinking ability assessment during various kinds of clinical skills examinations.Meanwhile,the teaching management and supervision were improved.The awareness and ability of clinical teachers to train students′ clinical thinking were aroused and cultivated through teaching staff training so as to ensure that clinical thinking training and assessment were involved in the whole process of clinical teaching.Results The students' abilities of self-study,scientific thinking and oral expression were improved.The passing rates of our graduates in national general medical practitioner test were increasing yearly from 2006 to 2008.Conclusion Strengthening clinical thinking ability training during clinical teaching plays an active role in improving clinical skills in medical students.

Practice and exploration of PBL: experience in biochemistry course / 中华医学教育探索杂志

According to content of ‘lipid metabolism’,we crafted a effective case for problem based learning (PBL) and practiced it in biochemistry course.In group discussion,students participated in discussion with great enthusiasm and initiative.During the discussion,students got a better understanding about lipid metabolism and clinical application of the knowledge.As teachers,we maily guided students during PBL,and at the same time,we also summed up the experience and explored how PBL be implemented for freshmen and sophomores who lack clinical practice.