ABSTRACT
AIM: To observe the anti-inflammatory effect of CQMUH-011 and to explore its mechanism.METHODS: Three kinds of animal models, mouse ear swelling induced by xylene, rat granuloma induced by cotton ball and rat rheumatoid arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant, were established to study the anti-inflammatory effect of CQMUH-011.The ear swelling degree, dry weight of cotton ball granuloma, arthritis index, paw swelling and ankle joint pathological changes were measured to reflect the severity of inflammation.The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CQMUH-011 were investigated by detecting the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA.Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined by corresponding kits.RESULTS: Treatment with CQMUH-011 significantly decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and NO concentrations, MDA contents and MPO activity in the serum.Meanwhile, Ear swelling degree, dry weight of cotton ball granuloma, arthritis index, paw swelling and ankle joint pathological damage were attenuated.CONCLUSION: CQMUH-011 has an anti-inflammatory effect, which may be related to inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors and attenuating lipid peroxidation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between smoking and insulin resistance in non-obese male patients with CAD. Methods 414 consecutive non-obese male patients with angiographically-documented CAD(luminal diameter narrowing>50%)were recruited,including 113 nonsmokers and 301 smokers.With 99 miht smokers(<400 packs/year),95 medium smokers(400-799 packs/year)and 107 heavy smokers(≥800 packs/year).Insulin resistance index(IRI)was expressed by homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)calculated by the formula of[fasting serum glucose(mmol/L)×fasting plasma insulin(mU/L)]/22.5.IRI≥2.69 was defined as insulin resistance,while IRI<2.69 was insulin sensitive.Fasting glucose,fasting insulin and IRI were recorded and odds ratio for the incidence of insulin resistance was calculated.Results Fasting glucose was higher in heavy smokers (5.86 mmol/L)than that in nonsmokers(5.51 mmol/L,P=0.037)and mild smokers(5.33 mmol/L,P=0.014).Fasting insulin and IRI were also significantly higher in heavy smokers(10.25 mU/L)than those in non-smokers(8.72 mU/L,P=0.0231,respectively)and mild smokers(8.67 mU/L,P=0.023 1).Compared with nonsmokers,the odds ratio for the incidence of insulin resistance was 1.53(95%CI 0.55-2.94;P=0.027)in medium smokers and 1.89(95%CI 0.49-3.14;P=0.018)in heavy smokers.Conclusions The relationship between smoking and insulin resistance is highly dose dependent in non-obese male patients with CAD.